scholarly journals Effect of Waste Tire Reinforcement with and without Cement Additives on Peat Strength Improvement

2021 ◽  
Vol 411 ◽  
pp. 121-133
Author(s):  
Nur Amalina Hilwane ◽  
Norazzlina M. Sa’don ◽  
Abdul Razak Abdul Karim
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Shear Stress ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Optimum Moisture Content ◽  
Scrap Tire ◽  
Waste Tire ◽  
Ucs Test ◽  
Shear Box

This paper presents the peat ground improvement techniques using waste-tire as a fibre reinforced material. In this study, two sizes of the waste-tire are chosen, which are 0.05 mm and 1-3 mm, respectively. The collected peat is classified as Sapric peat with the degree of decomposition of H7 based on von Post classification with high moisture content of 400% was recorded. The Sapric peat is treated with the waste-tire at designated percentages of 5%, 10% and 15% with the addition of 5% of cement acting as a binder. The untreated and treated peat without and with cement content are compacted at the optimum moisture content for both the Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) test and Direct Shear Box Test. The specimens were air-cured for 7, 28, 56, and 90 days. Hypothetically, higher percentages of rubber improve the shear stress value of the treated peat. According to the results the finer size (0.05mm) of the tire produces a higher shear stress, which may due the finer sizes of the waste-tire filled the void between the soil particles. Further, from the 90 days of curing UCS results, there is a significant increase in compressive strength with the increase percentage of the waste-tire peat mixed samples. In summary, soil stabilized by the scrap-tire is believed to decrease the optimum moisture content and the maximum dry densities, but it helps in increasing the unconfined compressive strength value. Stabilizing by using the tire wastes not only increasing the strength of the soil, but it also helps in reducing the disposal problems.

scholarly journals Strength Improvement of Weak Subgrade Soil Using Cement and Lime

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anigilaje B Salahudeen ◽  
Ja’afar A Sadeeq
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Optimum Moisture Content ◽  
Atterberg Limits ◽  
California Bearing Ratio ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Subgrade Soil

The study investigate the suitability of subgrade soil in Baure Local Government Area of Kastina State Nigeria for road construction. The strength properties of the  subgrade was improved using lime and cement. Several analysis including the particle size distribution, specific gravity, Atterberg limits, compaction characteristics, unconfined compressive strength and California bearing ratio tests were performed on natural and lime/cement treated soil samples in accordance with BS 1377 (1990) and BS 1924 (1990) respectively. Soil specimens were prepared by mixing the soil with lime and cement in steps of 0, 3, 6, and 9% by weight of dry soil in several percentage combinations. The Atterberg limits of the weak subgrade soils improved having a minimum plasticity index value of 5.70 % at 3%Lime/6%Cement contents. The maximum dry density (MDD) values obtained showed a significant improvement having a peak value of 1.66 kN/m3 at 9%Lime/9%Cement contents. Similarly, a minimum value of 18.50 % was observed for optimum moisture content at 9%Lime/9%Cement contents which is a desirable reduction from a value of 25.00 % for the natural soil. The unconfined compressive test value increased from 167.30 kN/m2 for the natural soil to 446.77 kN/m2 at 9%Lime/9%Cement contents 28 days curing period. Likewise, the soaked California bearing ratio values increased from 2.90 % for the natural soil to 83.90 % at 9%Lime/9%Cement contents. Generally, there were improvements in the engineering properties of the weak subgrade soil when treated with lime and cement. However, the peak UCS value of 446.77 kN/m2 fails to meet the recommended UCS value of 1710 KN/m2 specified by TRRL (1977) as a criterion for adequate stabilization using Ordinary Portland Cement.            Keywords: Weak subgrade soil, Lime, Cement, Atterberg limits, Maximum dry density, Optimum moisture content, Unconfined compressive strength, California bearing ratio

scholarly journals Investigation of the Application of Various Water Additive Ratios on Unconfined Compressive Strength of Cement-Stabilized Amorphous Peat at Different Natural Moisture Contents

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Atikah Rahmi ◽  
Siti Noor Linda Taib ◽  
Fauzan Sahdi
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Peat Soil ◽  
Soil Improvement ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Soil Reaction ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Ucs Test ◽  
Cement Soil

Natural peat is considered incapable of supporting built structure due to its poor engineering properties. Chemical stabilization is one of the peat soil improvement methods which has been studied by many researchers. This study describes an investigation of water additive (W/A) ratio application on cement-stabilized peat strength. Peat soil at different moisture contents, which are 1210%, 803%, and 380%, were stabilized with cement by W/A ratio of 2.0, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, and 4.0. Unconfined compressive strength (UCS) test was conducted after the specimens were being air-cured for 28 and 56 days. The result shows that there is an increase of UCS value as the decrease of W/A ratio (the increase of cement dosage) and the increase of curing time and peat moisture content. The higher strength found in the specimen with higher moisture content, compared to the lower one at the same W/A ratio, shows that the mix design of cement-stabilized peat using W/A ratio should have differed under different peat natural moisture contents. From the result, it is also found that cement hydrolysis reaction occurred despite the presence of humic acid in the peat soil, which by many studies is assumed will hinder the cement-soil reaction.

scholarly journals Effect Of Coir Fibres On The Compaction And Unconfined Compressive Strength Of Bentonite-Lime-Gypsum Mixture

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidya Tilak B. ◽  
Rakesh Kumar Dutta ◽  
Bijayananda Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Fibre Composite ◽  
Optimum Moisture Content ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Coir Fiber ◽  
Dry Unit Weight ◽  
Coir Fibre ◽  
Environmental Motivation

Abstract This paper presents the effect of coir fibres on the compaction and unconfined compressive strength of a bentonite-lime-gypsum mixture. The coir fiber content varied from 0.5 to 2 %. The results indicated that the dry unit weight and the optimum moisture content of a bentonite – lime mix increased with the addition of gypsum. The unconfined compressive strength of the bentonite increased with the increase in the lime content up to 8 %. Beyond 8 %, the unconfined compressive strength decreased. The dry unit weight of the reference mix decreased, and the optimum moisture content increased with the addition of coir fibre. The unconfined compressive strength of the bentonite + 8 % lime mix increased up to 4 % with the gypsum. Beyond 4 %, the unconfined compressive strength decreased. The unconfined compressive strength of the reference mix increased with the addition of coir fibre up to a fibre content of 1.5 %. The unconfined compressive strength of the reference mix-coir fibre composite was less in comparison to the reference mix. The unconfined compressive strength of the bentonite increased with the addition of lime and gypsum and with the increase in the curing period. The improvement in the post-peak region was better for the reference mix with reinforced coir fibres as compared to the unreinforced reference mix. The improved post-peak behaviour of the bentonite-lime-gypsum-coir fibre mixture could boost the construction of temporary roads on such problematic soils. Further, its use will also provide an environmental motivation for providing a means of consuming large quantities of coir fibres.

A Study of Soil Stabilization by Hydrated Lime at Kampung Kedaik Asal, Rompin, Pahang, Malaysia

2014 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 738-741
Author(s):  
Azhani Zukri ◽  
Nadiatul Adilah Ahmad Abdul Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Soil Stabilization ◽  
Optimum Moisture Content ◽  
Natural State ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Lime Content ◽  
Curing Period

This study involves the clay sample which is taken from Kampung Kedaik Asal, Rompin site and evaluation of its properties in natural state and after stabilization. The main objectives of this paper is to estimate the optimum lime content (OLC) needed to stabilize the soil by using Eades-Grim pH Test, to determine the optimum moisture content (OMC) and maximum dry density (MDD) of the treated soil by Standard Proctor Test and also the strength value of the soil specimens with different percentages of lime content corresponding with different curing period by Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) Test. From this study, the optimum amount to stabilize the clay soil and minimum amount of lime required to stabilize the soil pH level to 12 is 5%. The results showed that addition of lime decreased the maximum dry density (MDD) and increased the optimum moisture content (OMC). Unconfined compressive test on 48 sets of samples has been carried out for 7, 14 and 28 days of curing with different lime contents such as 5%, 7% and 9%. The highest unconfined compressive strength (UCS) achieved is 321 kN/m2 for clay stabilized with 9% lime content cured at 28 days. From the test results, it was found that the longer the immersion of curing period with higher lime content, the greater the compressive strength of the specimen.

scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of the Densification Properties of Clay Soil Mixes with Tire Waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Davood Akbarimehr ◽  
Esmail Aflaki ◽  
Abolfazl Eslami
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Maximum Density ◽  
Optimum Moisture Content ◽  
Geotechnical Properties ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Scrap Tire ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Waste Tire

The annual increase in production of industrial wastes, including scrap tire, has created several challenges for societies. Incorporating the wastes as raw materials has been proposed in different industries, using waste tire as physical additives and investigating the geotechnical properties of this mixture can reduce the environmental pollution, as well as offering economic and technical benefits. Clay soils are abundant in southern regions of Tehran where scrap tire is also produced in large quantities every year. Therefore, provided the chance, incorporating these wastes into the soil mix is significant as regards both geotechnical properties and environmental considerations. As a fundamental means of investigation in construction activities, in particular road construction, the compaction test is useful in determining the maximum density and the optimum moisture content of the soil. In this study, considering that this research has not yet been investigated for Tehran clay and has environmental benefits while having engineering application, the optimum moisture content and maximum dry density of the clay mixed with two types of additives (waste tire powder and granules) at various mass fractions (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 20, and 30 wt%) using standard compaction tests were investigated. The results suggested that the variations of the optimum moisture content and the maximum dry density in both clay mixes demonstrate a certain and predictable trend as the waste content increases. In other words, by increasing the percentage of waste in the mixture, the optimum moisture content is increased, and this increase in the mixture of the tire powder and clay is more than granule and clay. In addition, by increasing the percentage of waste, the maximum dry weight of the mixture was reduced, and this reduction in the mixture of tire powder and clay is almost higher than that of tire granule and clay. Furthermore, relations were presented to estimate the maximum density and the optimum moisture content of the mix to be applied in practice.

Physical properties, electrical resistivity, and strength characteristics of carbonated silty soil admixed with reactive magnesia

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (11) ◽  
pp. 1699-1713 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.H. Cai ◽  
Y.J. Du ◽  
S.Y. Liu ◽  
D.N. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Electrical Resistivity ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Ground Improvement ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Initial Water Content ◽  
Silty Soil ◽  
Reactive Magnesia

Soil electrical resistivity has been used quite extensively for assessing mechanical properties of chemically treated soils in the recent past. One of the most innovative applications of this technique could be in the field of ground improvement wherein carbonated reactive magnesia (MgO) is employed for treating soils. With this in view, a systematic study that targets the application of electrical resistivity to correlate physical and strength characteristics of the carbonated reactive MgO-admixed silty soil is initiated, and its details are presented in this manuscript. To achieve this, reactive MgO-admixed soils were carbonized by exposing them to CO2 for different durations, and subsequently their electrical resistivity and unconfined compressive strength were measured. In this context, the role of a parameter, the ratio of the initial water content of the virgin soil to reactive MgO content (designated as w0/c), has been highlighted. It has also been demonstrated that w0/c is able to correlate, uniquely and precisely, with the physicochemical parameters of the soils (viz., unit weight, water content at failure, porosity, degree of saturation, and soil pH), electrical resistivity, and unconfined compressive strength at various carbonation times. In addition, microstructural properties have been obtained from the X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and mercury intrusion porosimetry analyses. These properties have been used to substantiate the findings related to the carbonation of the reactive MgO-admixed soils.

Study of Correlation on Unconfined Compressive Strength between Different Soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 838-841 ◽  
pp. 926-929
Author(s):  
Xia Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Soil Moisture Content ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Soil Cohesion

Take the silty clay and clay as the research object, the correlation between bulk density, moisture content, cohesion, friction angle and unconfined compressive strength was analyzed using laboratory tests, and the results showed that soil cohesion, friction angle and unconfined compressive strength with good correlation, the correlation coefficients were all above 0.9, while severe and soil moisture content and unconfined compressive strength of correlation is weak, followed by the correlation formulas of the index and unconfined compressive strength were established, these formulas can used to predict the unconfined compressive strength of soil.

scholarly journals Engineering behaviour of stabilized laterite and kaolin using lignin

2018 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 01008
Author(s):  
Tuan Noor Hasanah Tuan Ismail ◽  
Siti Aimi Nadia Mohd Yusoff ◽  
Ismail Bakar ◽  
Devapriya Chitral Wijeyesekera ◽  
Adnan Zainorabidin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Optimum Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Laterite Soil ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Steady Rate

Soils at many sites do not always have enough strength to bear the structures constructed over them and some of the soil may need to be stabilized in order to improve their geotechnical properties. In this paper, routine laboratory tests were critically carried out to investigate the efficacy of lignin in improving the strength behaviour of the soils. Two different soil samples (laterite and kaolin) were studied and mixed with different proportions of lignin (2% and 5% of dry weight of soil), respectively. Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) characteristics evaluated in this study were done on samples at their maximum dry density and optimum moisture content (obtained from compaction tests). The UCS tests on all the specimens were carried out after 0, 7, 15, 21 and 30 days of controlled curing. The research results showed that the addition of lignin into kaolin reduced its maximum dry density while giving progressively higher optimum moisture content. Contrarily, with the laterite soil, both maximum dry density and optimum moisture content simultaneously increased when lignin was added into the soils. The UCS results showed that the the stabilized laterite with 2% lignin continued to gain strength significantly at a fairly steady rate after 7 days. Unfortunately, lignin did not show a significant effect in kaolin.

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