Biomedical Engineering as a Modern Component of Science in Biology and Medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 67-75
Author(s):  
Sailaubek Shalkharov ◽  
Zhanat Shalkharova ◽  
Zhanar Shalkharova ◽  
Kidirali Rysbekov ◽  
Seikhan Shalkharova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Biomedical Engineering ◽  
Artificial Heart ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Knee Prostheses ◽  
New Methods

The article considers the advances of biomedical engineering as the basis of scientific advances. Biomedical Engineering is the development and application of technical equipment for medical and biological research. This is an area where technologists, biologists and physicians work together to gain basic knowledge of the physical properties and behaviour of biological materials. The knowledge gained by these scientists is used to create devices, perform operations and develop new methods that improve human health and quality of life. Advances in biomedical technology made possible by this partnership include dialysis machines designed to replace sick and malfunctioning kidneys; hip and knee prostheses; materials and technologies for the work of the heart and blood vessels; artificial heart.

Chitosan in Biomedical Engineering: A Critical Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabnam Mohebbi ◽  
Mojtaba Nasiri Nezhad ◽  
Payam Zarrintaj ◽  
Seyed Hassan Jafari ◽  
Saman Seyed Gholizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Biomedical Engineering ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Bio Imaging ◽  
Significant Attention ◽  
Unique Chemical

Biomedical engineering seeks to enhance the quality of life by developing advanced materials and technologies. Chitosan-based biomaterials have attracted significant attention because of having unique chemical structures with desired biocompatibility and biodegradability, which play different roles in membranes, sponges and scaffolds, along with promising biological properties such as biocompatibility, biodegradability and non-toxicity. Therefore, chitosan derivatives have been widely used in a vast variety of uses, chiefly pharmaceuticals and biomedical engineering. It is attempted here to draw a comprehensive overview of chitosan emerging applications in medicine, tissue engineering, drug delivery, gene therapy, cancer therapy, ophthalmology, dentistry, bio-imaging, bio-sensing and diagnosis. The use of Stem Cells (SCs) has given an interesting feature to the use of chitosan so that regenerative medicine and therapeutic methods have benefited from chitosan-based platforms. Plenty of the most recent discussions with stimulating ideas in this field are covered that could hopefully serve as hints for more developed works in biomedical engineering.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the Functional State of the Hip Joint and Quality of Life in Patients After Hip Replacement (During Rehabilitation)

2021 ◽  
pp. 426-434
Author(s):  
Nadezhda I. Ishekova ◽  
◽  
Aleksandr N. Ishekov ◽  
Nadezhda A. Goryannaya
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Hip Joint ◽  
Hip Replacement ◽  
Harris Hip Score ◽  
Biological Research ◽  
Rehabilitation Period ◽  
Three Stages

The aim of this study was to determine the functional state of the affected hip joint after hip arthroplasty and to analyse patients’ quality of life during rehabilitation. Materials and methods. The study involved patients with 3rd degree hip osteoarthritis that underwent hip replacement. The research was conducted in three stages: 1) before the operation; 2) early postoperative rehabilitation period (10th – 12th day after the operation); 3) late recovery rehabilitation period (10th – 12th week after the operation). At stages 1 and 2, we examined 140 people (mean age 57.0 ± 9.0 years), at stage 3, 43 patients (mean age 55.81 ± 7.8 years). At all three stages, the patients’ hip range of motion, hip circumference and strength endurance of the affected limb were determined. The function of the hip joint was evaluated using the Harris Hip Score, and the quality of life was estimated with the help of the SF-36 questionnaire. Results. The research revealed that during the rehabilitation period, the range of motion increased significantly, hip flexion being restored best of all. Moreover, we observed a statistically significant increase in strength endurance. However, not all indicators reached normal values by the end of the research. The patients’ quality of life improved due to better physical functioning, general health and vitality as well as lower pain intensity. However, we observed no progress in role functioning due to the emotional state. Evaluation according to the Harris Hip Score showed that before the operation 78.6 % of the patients had unsatisfactory joint function, while during the late rehabilitation period, only 20.9 %, which indicates the treatmentʼs effectiveness. For citation: Ishekova N.I., Ishekov A.N., Goryannaya N.A. Dynamics of the Functional State of the Hip Joint and Quality of Life in Patients After Hip Replacement (During Rehabilitation). Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 2021, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 426–434. DOI: 10.37482/2687-1491-Z080

scholarly journals Quality of life and rehabilitation after total artificial heart

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-130
Author(s):  
Megan M. Streur ◽  
Jennifer A. Beckman ◽  
Cynthia M. Dougherty ◽  
Song Li ◽  
Claudius Mahr
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Artificial Heart ◽  
Total Artificial Heart

Over Warming Syndrome in Adults

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
X. Han-You
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Normal People ◽  
Health Level ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Harmful Effects

Clinical significance:This article implicates that doctors must know the Over Warming Syndrome in Adults’ harmful effects, its clinical managements, imperative importance to prevent other critical diseases attacks. So that the doctors can do patient and normal people education, counsel about the new syndrome, enhance people's health level and quality of life.Objectives:Name a new kind of syndrome, in order to provide new methods of thinking and behavior for doctors to well diagnose, prevent, and treat the syndrome and other diseases and for doctors to do patient education and counseling.Method:Summarize author of this paper the self-experiences about this syndrome's clinical medicine.Results:The etiology, clinical symptoms, mechanism, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of this new syndrome are easy to understand by the doctors. Which like the symptoms of the dehydration caused by over warming.Conclusions:It is very important to name and understand this new syndrome for enhancing the human-being's health level and quality of life, preventing the human-being from development of other critical diseases. which is much too worth to be spread.

scholarly journals Health Related Quality of Life and Depression among Blood Cancer Patients in Pakistan: The Missing Public Health Link

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Madeeha Malik ◽  
Ifrah Rizwan ◽  
Azhar Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Technical Equipment ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Blood Cancer ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Introduction: Limited access to health care facilities, less number of qualified oncologists, lack of technical equipment for diagnosis are the major factors effecting adequate control and prevention of blood cancer in Pakistan. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess health related quality of life and depression among blood cancer patients in Pakistan. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. Two pre validated questionnaires i.e. SF 36 and HADS were self-administered to a sample of 400 blood cancer patients’ selected using convenience sampling technique for measuring HRQoL and depression, respectively. After data collection, data was cleaned, coded and entered in SPSS. Results: The results highlighted that lowest scores for HRQoL among blood cancer patients were observed in the domain of role emotional (33.55,  ± 27.528) followed by bodily pain (42.93, ± 30.838) whereas highest scores were observed in the domain of mental health (73.7,  ± 18.488). Significant difference (p ≥ 0.05) was observed in HRQoL of cancer patients with different marital status, stages of blood cancer and receiving different types of therapies. Conclusion:The present study concluded that blood cancer patients had poor HRQoL and moderate depression in spite of advanced therapeutic strategies.

scholarly journals Late stomal complications and their surgical correction

2012 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 602-606
Author(s):  
M V Timerbulatov ◽  
A A Ibatullin ◽  
F M Gaynutdinov ◽  
A V Kulyapin ◽  
L R Aitova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Parastomal Hernia ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Russian Federation Patent ◽  
Surgical Correction ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Stomal Complications ◽  
Reconstructive Operations

Aim. To conduct a detailed analysis of the causes of development of late stomal complications, to determine the indications for surgical correction, to evaluate the effectiveness of new methods of surgical treatment. Methods. Conducted was an analysis of the causes of late stomal complications in 141 patients with a stoma of the colon. Results. A parastomal hernia was diagnosed in 44 (31.2%), prolapse - in 29 (20.6%), stricture - in 9 (6.4%) patients. Introduced into practice were new methods of surgical correction of complicated stomas. Parastomal hernia was detected in 44 (31.2%) patients - 26 (59.1%) females and 18 (40.9%) males, all patients with this complication were older than 50 years, the age group 71-80 years included 43.5% of patients. Since 2005 performed were 17 reconstructive operations for parastomal hernias (Russian Federation patent №2406454 and №2395238). Stoma prolapse was observed in 29 (20.6%) patients, 10 cases - in patients aged 71 to 80 years. Most often this complication developed in patients with double-barreled transverse stomas - in 10 (76.9%) of 13 patients. 4 patients underwent surgery due to prolapse. Stoma stricture was diagnosed in 9 (6.4%) patients. In 7 patients with a stoma stricture in the early postoperative period registered was festering of the parastomal wound (4 cases), marginal necrosis of the stoma (2 cases), and stoma retraction (1 case). Correction with the use of stents for the prevention of recurrence (Russian Federation patent №2357681) was conducted in all cases. The so-called «lock-stoma» was diagnosed in 16.3% of cases (23 patients). Although this condition does not belong to stomal complications in its pure form, however in most cases it causes the inability to use the incontinence bag, reducing the quality of life. Conclusion. Despite the inevitability of the development of parastomal complications, provided proper surgical techniques can either prevent or delay their appearance; reconstructive operations for complicated stomas, conducted by moving the stoma to a new place with retroperitoneal conduction makes it possible to obtain satisfactory results, significantly improve the quality of life that promotes full social adaptation of stomal patients.

scholarly journals QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC VENOUS DISEASES AND METHODS OF ITS IMPROVEMENT (review)

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
N. Pytetska
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Drug Therapy ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Venous Diseases ◽  
History Of

QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC VENOUS DISEASES AND METHODS OF ITS IMPROVEMENT (review)N.I. Pytetska Assessment of the quality of life is one of the leading directions in modern medicine and continues to develop intensively, remaining an integral part of comprehensive analysis of new methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention. This article provides information about the history of the concept "quality of life" and the ambiguity of terminology. Particular attention is paid to the necessity of studying this indicator in patients with chronic veins diseases, the relevance of this direction in the early stages of the disease, as well as medicines able to solve the main tasks of drug therapy, to restore work capacity and, as a result improve the patient's life quality.Key words: quality of life, chronic venous diseases, diosmin. ЯКІСТЬ ЖИТТЯ ХВОРИХ НА ХРОНІЧНІ ЗАХВОРЮВАННЯ ВЕН ТА МЕТОДИ ЇЇ ПОКРАЩЕННЯ (огляд)Питецька Н.І.Вивчення якості життя є одним із провідних напрямків сучасної медицини й продовжує інтенсивно розвиватись, залишаючись невід'ємною частиною всебічного аналізу нових методів діагностики, лікування і профілактики. У даній статті представлено інформацію про історію виникнення поняття «якість життя», неоднозначність термінології. Особливуувагу приділено необхідності оцінки даного показника у хворих на хронічні захворювання вен, актуальності цього напрямку на ранніх стадіях захворювання, а також  лікарським засобам, які здатні вирішувати основні завдання медикаментозної терапії, відновлювати працездатність і підвищувати якість життя пацієнта.Ключові слова: якість життя, хронічні захворювання вен, діосмін. КАЧЕСТВО ЖИЗНИ БОЛЬНЫХ С ХРОНИЧЕСКИМИ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯМИ ВЕН И МЕТОДЫ ЕГО УЛУЧШЕНИЯ (обзор)Питецкая Н.И.Изучение качества жизни является одним из ведущих направлений современной медицины и продолжает интенсивно развиваться, оставаясь неотъемлемой частью всестороннего анализа новых методов диагностики, лечения и профилактики. В данной статье представлена информация об истории возникновения понятия «качество жизни», неоднозначности терминологии. Особое внимание уделено необходимости оценки данного показателя у больных хроническими заболеванияи вен, актуальности этого направления на ранних стадиях заболевания, а также  лекарственным препаратам, которые способны решать основные задачи медикаментозной терапии, восстанавливать трудоспособность и повышать качество жизни пациента.Ключевые слова: качество жизни, хронические заболевания вен, диосмин. 

Neuroimmune mechanisms of pruritus in atopic dermatitis

2022 ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Y. A. Kandrashkina ◽  
E. A. Orlova ◽  
A. A. Pribytkov
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Skin Disease ◽  
Neurogenic Inflammation ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Neuroimmune Interactions ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Depth Study

Atopic dermatitis is a chronic hereditary recurrent skin disease. One of the most pronounced symptoms of this dermatosis is itchy skin. Pruritus accompanies atopic dermatitis in more than 80% of cases. This review presents modern data on the mechanisms of pruritus formation in atopic dermatitis. The issues of etiological factors, neuroimmune interactions, peculiarities of skin dysfunction, as well as the role of stress are considered. The relevance of studying the topic is due to the high prevalence of atopic dermatitis among the population, a decrease in the quality of life and the lack of effective therapy. Analysis of the literature indicates the need for a comprehensive assessment of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of pruritus in atopic dermatitis. A more in-depth study of the mechanisms of neurogenic inflammation in atopic dermatitis will contribute to the development of new methods of diagnosis and treatment.

scholarly journals TOUCHES OF ART TO DİSABLED LİVES: TEXTİLE ART AND BLİND PEOPLE

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 115-118
Author(s):  
E. Sarıoğlu ◽  
N. Sanlı ◽  
H. Erbaba
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Fine Arts ◽  
Blind People ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Textile Art ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between art and disease is a subject that has been studied for centuries. Artistic activities are used therapeutically to distract attention and to move away from the focused health problem. In addition to reducing symptoms such as pain, it is also used in the rehabilitation and therapy of individuals with long-term health problems. Among the current therapeutic approaches, textile arts are actually both old and very new methods. This study has been prepared in order to express the importance of fine arts and textile art for disabled and especially visually impaired individuals. Textile arts are considered as a different and distinguished way for the visually impaired in terms of rehabilitation, therapy, improving the quality of life and acquiring modern occupations.

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