scholarly journals Smart Materials in Architecture

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 72-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santina Di Salvo
Keyword(s):  
Smart Materials ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Previous Knowledge ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Project Activity ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
The Future ◽  
Technical Capacity

The project activity presides over the choice of materials and technical capacity within two dimensions of action: the previous knowledge and the tension about the future. That allowed us to identify the succession of the “technological and material” paradigms that have come and gone, featuring the project with the arrival of new materials and production processes. The advent of composite smart materials has challenged all the materials overturning the features.

scholarly journals On the Problem of Creating a Model of the “School of the Future”

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
V.S. Lazarev
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Education ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Project Activity ◽  
The Future ◽  
Primary School Age ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

How would we like to see the school of the future? The answer to this question is searched in many countries, including Russia. The proposed conceptual solutions are based on different theoretical foundations, and this determines the key differences between them. The scientific school of developmental education has produced a model of the school of the future for primary school age, known as the “Elkonin-Davydov system”. The adolescent school model is still under development. Having based on the key provisions of the developmental education’s theory, the article proposes a vision of what the goals, content and forms of education in a adolescent school should be. The formation of the ability to be the subject of various types of socially significant activities is defined аs the central line of adolescent development. Thus the principal new psychological formation shaped by adolescent school is practical consciousness and the corresponding reasonable (meaningful) practical thinking. It is argued that in adolescent school, socially significant activity is implemented though project activity (designing). Project activity can become a form of development for students if, in the process of its implementation, they master this very activity. It means that the content of education should include both subject and meta-subject elements. Accordingly, the structures of action in learning activity should unfold in two dimensions: subject and meta-subject.

Unterstützung manueller Tätigkeiten*/Supporting manual tasks - Using the example of the quality-critical process of scarfing of CFRP structures

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 (09) ◽  
pp. 624-630
Author(s):  
R. Weidner ◽  
R. Rodeck ◽  
J. P. Prof. Wuldfsberg ◽  
T. Prof. Schüppstuhl
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Plastic ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Reinforced Plastic ◽  
The Future ◽  
Manual Tasks ◽  
Critical Process

Trotz Streben nach dem Automatisieren von Produktionsprozessen in vielen Bereichen werden manuelle Tätigkeiten auch in Zukunft einen hohen Stellenwert bei der Wertschöpfung einnehmen. Ein Ansatz zur Lösung der damit verbundenen Herausforderungen sind Unterstützungssysteme nach dem Konzept des „Human Hybrid Robot – HHR“. Dieser Beitrag stellt konzeptionelle Überlegungen für entsprechende Systeme am Beispiel des Schäftens von Strukturen aus kohlefaserverstärkten Kunststoffen (CFK) vor.   Despite all efforts for the automation of production processes in numerous areas, manual tasks will continue to play an important role within value creation chains in the future. Support systems based on the concept of the “Human Hybrid Robot – HHR” are one approach to solve the challenges related to this. On this basis, the article introduces conceptual considerations for appropriate systems using the example of scarfing of carbon fiber reinforced plastic structures.

Centralization and Subnational Capacity: The Struggle to Make Federalism Work Equitably in Public Education

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Susan L. Moffitt ◽  
Cadence Willse ◽  
Kelly B. Smith ◽  
David K. Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Public Education ◽  
Organizational Capacity ◽  
Interrupted Time Series ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Education Reforms ◽  
Interrupted Time Series Analysis ◽  
Administrative Capacity ◽  
American States ◽  
Technical Capacity

Vast disparities between and within American states’ responses to the COVID-19 pandemic have evoked renewed attention to whether greater centralization might enhance investments in subnational capacity and remedy subnational inequalities or instead erode subnational organizational capacity. Developments in American public education (1997–2015) offer perspective on this puzzle, which we examine by applying interrupted time series analysis to a novel dataset to assess the implications of centralization on subnational investments in administrative and technical capacity, two dimensions of organizational capacity. We find simultaneous subnational erosion in administrative capacity and growth in technical capacity following centralization, both of which appear concentrated in low-poverty areas despite centralization’s explicit antipoverty purposes. Public education reforms highlight both the challenge of dismantling subnational inequality through centralization and the need for future research on policy designs that enable centralization to yield subnational capacity that is able to remedy inequality.

A discussion on building technology in the 1980s - Defining new materials for the 1980s

1972 ◽  
Vol 272 (1229) ◽  
pp. 579-584
Keyword(s):  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Building Science ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Building Research ◽  
Building Technology ◽  
The Future ◽  
Point Of Departure

The author’s point of departure is that building today is the early architecture of the age of science. It increasingly uses scientific methods and technologies of science. Consequently there are many pressures and necessities to innovate, but resistances exist in the form of inertia of the industry, the educational deficiencies of the professions and constructors, the demanding conditions for trouble-free design and construction, and the penalties now consequent upon trouble. In order to open the way for safe innovation there has been a shift towards regulation by performance criteria in place of the former definition by specific requirements; and in order to assess performance in advance of experience, a systematic evaluation is now available. The existence of these two developments has been made possible by the growth of building science, and they in turn define the monitoring and feed-back of experience as important functions of building research for the future. There is a need and capability developing to analyse building problems with increasing precision in several directions, and the process often defines new needs for materials and techniques. This is a centreto-periphery process, and the reverse also takes place, where product makers thrust into the market innovations which result from some matching of fresh ideas to apparent needs. In all cases the needs are defined consciously or unconsciously from the context of the subsystem within which the product or component will function. Buildings are always systems comprising many subsystems. Examples are then given of directions in which the author foresees needs for new developments being defined.

Automotive vibration and noise control using smart materials: a state of art and challenges

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 535-542
Author(s):  
S. Kumbhar ◽  
Subhasis Maji ◽  
Bimlesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Market Place ◽  
The Past ◽  
Noise Vibration ◽  
Damping Materials ◽  
Damping Treatments ◽  
State Of Art

In the past several years, there has been increased market place awareness of noise, vibration, and harshness performance in automobiles. The differentiation between the quality and reliability levels of automobiles has become less pronounced and, as a result, manufacturers have had to demonstrate superiority by focusing on NVH concerns. The automotive industry is currently spending millions of dollars on NVH work to develop new materials and damping techniques so that the damping treatments are lighter, cheaper, and more effective. Some of the methods used to control noise, vibration, and harshness includes the use of different carpeting treatments, the addition of rubber or asphalt material to car panels, gap sealant, and the injection of expandable foam into body panels. The aim of this study is to explore the feasibility of smart damping materials such as magnet orheological elastomers (MRE), piezoelectric materials, with its basic properties, for augmenting and improving the performance benefits of damping materials. This study also evaluates the noise and vibration benefits of smart damping materials as compared to conventional damping treatments.

Characterization of Honeycomb Polymer Composites for Use in Adaptable Aerospace Structures

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carson O. Squibb ◽  
Michael K. Philen
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Testing Temperature ◽  
Honeycomb Structure ◽  
Effective Moduli ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Aerospace Structures ◽  
Internal Working ◽  
The Matrix

Smart materials are unique in their ability to change properties in response to an environmental stimulus. These materials provide promising opportunities for adaptable aerospace structures, where they can be altered to suit their need. In this research, Honeycomb Polymer Composites (HPCs) were investigated as potential materials for this need. HPCs are new materials that consist of a polymer embedded in a honeycomb structure, and exhibit a significantly higher stiffness than the polymer or honeycomb alone. This stiffness amplification is due to the nearly incompressible polymer resisting the volume change within the honeycomb cells. HPC samples were fabricated using an aramid honeycomb, with either silicone or urethane rubber as the matrix materials to fill the honeycomb. Varying polymer stiffness, honeycomb geometry, and testing temperature were all tested to observe the effects on the material properties. The results indicated that the HPCs could be effectively tailored and modeled to suit the need for different effective moduli. This research provides important insight and results in the development of programmable honeycomb polymer composites (PHPCs), which rely on shape memory polymers (SMP) as the internal working polymer.

scholarly journals From Similarities to Singularity: the common fate dimensions and toolkit  for cities of tomorrow: من التشابه إلى الانفراد: أبعاد وأدوات المصير المشترك لمدينة الغد

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisham G. Abusaada
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Common Fate ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Common

This article examines the common fate of the three concepts that interprets the sameness of cities. It begins with a concise exploration of “personality”, “identity” and “character” in terms of the dual singularity—difference and similarity—of cities. Whatever, there is still a significant overlap between the meaning of identity and character, which threatens to weaken both concepts. This research addresses two aspects. The first is the dimensions of the common ground between personality, identity, and character. The second explores these two dimensions in the conventional and the contemporary prospects concepts in the Western paradigms to create the cities of tomorrow for offering the toolkit of singularity. The main conclusion highlights the question is: What should be examined to produce cities that are not alike in the future? Ultimately, there is scope to further strengthen singularity- based planning and design approaches through a toolkit help specialists to dominate the sameness of cities.

scholarly journals Project Activity as a Means of Organizing Adolescents’ Learning Process (on the Example of Technical Modelling)

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-146
Author(s):  
O.V. Rubtsova ◽  
L.B. Krivosheeva
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
State University ◽  
Master's Program ◽  
Project Activity ◽  
The Future ◽  
Moscow State University

The article presents the results of an empirical study of project activity as a means of organizing adolescents’ learning process. The study is particularly relevant due to the acute need in the forms of learning activity aimed at adolescents’ development and socialization, as well as in efficient practices of training teachers, who will be involved in organizing project activity in the classroom. The research was conducted on the example of technical modelling, which is regarded as a particular type of project activity, aimed at creating technical objects with given characteristics and properties. The collected data testifies that technical modelling could become an efficient means of teaching and developing adolescents and could contribute to motivating adolescents to choose technical jobs and professions in the future. The results of the study are incorporated in a series of lectures on adolescence in the framework of the Master’s program “Cultural-historical psychology and activity approach in education” run in Moscow State University of Psychology & Education.

scholarly journals The future directions of synthetic chemistry

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Zhu ◽  
Chao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Energy ◽  
Synthetic Chemistry ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The Future

Abstract After being developed over hundred years, synthetic chemistry has created numerous new molecules and new materials to support a better life welfare. Even so, many challenges still remain in synthetic chemistry, higher selectivity, higher efficiency, environmental benign and sustainable energy are never been so wistful before. Herein, several topics surrounded the ability improvement of synthesis and the application enhancement of synthesis will be briefly discussed.

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