scholarly journals On the Problem of Creating a Model of the “School of the Future”

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
V.S. Lazarev
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Education ◽  
Central Line ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Project Activity ◽  
The Future ◽  
Primary School Age ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

How would we like to see the school of the future? The answer to this question is searched in many countries, including Russia. The proposed conceptual solutions are based on different theoretical foundations, and this determines the key differences between them. The scientific school of developmental education has produced a model of the school of the future for primary school age, known as the “Elkonin-Davydov system”. The adolescent school model is still under development. Having based on the key provisions of the developmental education’s theory, the article proposes a vision of what the goals, content and forms of education in a adolescent school should be. The formation of the ability to be the subject of various types of socially significant activities is defined аs the central line of adolescent development. Thus the principal new psychological formation shaped by adolescent school is practical consciousness and the corresponding reasonable (meaningful) practical thinking. It is argued that in adolescent school, socially significant activity is implemented though project activity (designing). Project activity can become a form of development for students if, in the process of its implementation, they master this very activity. It means that the content of education should include both subject and meta-subject elements. Accordingly, the structures of action in learning activity should unfold in two dimensions: subject and meta-subject.

scholarly journals Project Activity as a Means of Organizing Adolescents’ Learning Process (on the Example of Technical Modelling)

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-146
Author(s):  
O.V. Rubtsova ◽  
L.B. Krivosheeva
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
State University ◽  
Master's Program ◽  
Project Activity ◽  
The Future ◽  
Moscow State University

The article presents the results of an empirical study of project activity as a means of organizing adolescents’ learning process. The study is particularly relevant due to the acute need in the forms of learning activity aimed at adolescents’ development and socialization, as well as in efficient practices of training teachers, who will be involved in organizing project activity in the classroom. The research was conducted on the example of technical modelling, which is regarded as a particular type of project activity, aimed at creating technical objects with given characteristics and properties. The collected data testifies that technical modelling could become an efficient means of teaching and developing adolescents and could contribute to motivating adolescents to choose technical jobs and professions in the future. The results of the study are incorporated in a series of lectures on adolescence in the framework of the Master’s program “Cultural-historical psychology and activity approach in education” run in Moscow State University of Psychology & Education.

scholarly journals Project Activities of Students as a Form of Developmental Teaching

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.S. Lazarev
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Developmental Education ◽  
Experimental Confirmation ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Scientific School ◽  
School Crisis ◽  
Project Activity ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Working Out

Project activities of students regarded as a form of developmental teaching. Coping with domestic school crisis is possible using the activity-related forms of education. Author believes that initiating of students project activities widely used in the practice of the last decade should be assessed positively. In most cases, what is presented as “project activity”, in fact is not. Project activity contains significant opportunities for the realization of the idea of developmental education developed in the scientific school of cultural-historical psychology. Hypothesizing and experimental confirmation of the leading role of education in the development of the human mentality and working out the theory of developmental education are the biggest achievements of the scientific school. The theory of developmental education determines the educational activity in primary school and poorly designed for its middle and senior levels. It has inner problems that need to solve for further progress in building a new practice of schooling. It is shown how using the features of project activities can expand the boundaries of the implementation of the developmental education ideas.

scholarly journals Smart Materials in Architecture

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 72-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santina Di Salvo
Keyword(s):  
Smart Materials ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Previous Knowledge ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Project Activity ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
The Future ◽  
Technical Capacity

The project activity presides over the choice of materials and technical capacity within two dimensions of action: the previous knowledge and the tension about the future. That allowed us to identify the succession of the “technological and material” paradigms that have come and gone, featuring the project with the arrival of new materials and production processes. The advent of composite smart materials has challenged all the materials overturning the features.

scholarly journals Robots and Respect: Assessing the Case Against Autonomous Weapon Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Sparrow
Keyword(s):  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Human Operator ◽  
Weapon Systems ◽  
Restricted Domains ◽  
The Future ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

There is increasing speculation within military and policy circles that the future of armed conflict is likely to include extensive deployment of robots designed to identify targets and destroy them without the direct oversight of a human operator. My aim in this paper is twofold. First, I will argue that the ethical case for allowing autonomous targeting, at least in specific restricted domains, is stronger than critics have typically acknowledged. Second, I will attempt to defend the intuition that, even so, there is something ethically problematic about such targeting. I argue that an account of the nonconsequentialist foundations of the principle of distinction suggests that the use of autonomous weapon systems (AWS) is unethical by virtue of failing to show appropriate respect for the humanity of our enemies. However, the success of the strongest form of this argument depends upon understanding the robot itself as doing the killing. To the extent that we believe that, on the contrary, AWS are only a means used by combatants to kill, the idea that the use of AWS fails to respect the humanity of our enemy will turn upon an account of what is required by respect, which is essential conventional. Thus, while the theoretical foundations of the idea that AWS are weapons that are “evil in themselves” are weaker than critics have sometimes maintained, they are nonetheless sufficient to demand a prohibition of the development and deployment of such weapons.

scholarly journals Constraints on alternative theories of gravity with observations of the Galactic Center

2018 ◽  
Vol 191 ◽  
pp. 01010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Gravitational Wave ◽  
Galactic Center ◽  
Alternative Theories Of Gravity ◽  
Significant Activity ◽  
Graviton Mass ◽  
The Future ◽  
Theories Of Gravity ◽  
Theory Of Gravity ◽  
Alternative Theories

To evaluate a potential usually one analyzes trajectories of test particles. For the Galactic Center case astronomers use bright stars or photons, so there are two basic observational techniques to investigate a gravitational potential, namely, (a) monitoring the orbits of bright stars near the Galactic Center as it is going on with 10m Keck twin and four 8m VLT telescopes equipped with adaptive optics facilities (in addition, recently the IR interferometer GRAVITY started to operate with VLT); (b) measuring the size and shape of shadows around black hole with VLBI-technique using telescopes operating in mm-band. At the moment, one can use a small relativistic correction approach for stellar orbit analysis, however, in the future the approximation will not be precise enough due to enormous progress of observational facilities and recently the GRAVITY team found that the first post-Newtonian correction has to be taken into account for the gravitational redshift in the S2 star orbit case. Meanwhile for smallest structure analysis in VLBI observations one really needs a strong gravitational field approximation. We discuss results of observations and their interpretations. In spite of great efforts there is a very slow progress to resolve dark matter (DM) and dark energy (DE) puzzles and in these circumstances in last years a number of alternative theories of gravity have been proposed. Parameters of these theories could be effectively constrained with of observations of the Galactic Center. We show some cases of alternative theories of gravity where their parameters are constrained with observations, in particular, we consider massive theory of gravity. We choose the alternative theory of gravity since there is a significant activity in this field and in the last years theorists demonstrated an opportunity to create such theories without ghosts, on the other hand, recently, the joint LIGO & Virgo team presented an upper limit on graviton mass such as mg< 1:2 × 10-22eV [1] analyzing gravitational wave signal in their first paper where they reported about the discovery of gravitational waves from binary black holes as it was suggested by C. Will [2]. So, the authors concluded that their observational data do not indicate a significant deviation from classical general relativity. We show that an analysis of bright star trajectories could estimate a graviton mass with a commensurable accuracy in comparison with an approach used in gravitational wave observations and the estimates obtained with these two approaches are consistent. Therefore, such an analysis gives an opportunity to treat observations of bright stars near the Galactic Center as a useful tool to obtain constraints on the fundamental gravity law. We showed that in the future graviton mass estimates obtained with analysis of trajectories of bright stars would be better than current LIGO bounds on the value, therefore, based on a potential reconstruction at the Galactic Center we obtain bounds on a graviton mass and these bounds are comparable with LIGO constraints. Analyzing size of shadows around the supermassive black hole at the Galactic Center (or/and in the center of M87) one could constrain parameters of different alternative theories of gravity as well.

Integrating Computational Thinking Concept Into Digital Storytelling to Improve Learners’ Motivation and Performance

2020 ◽  
pp. 073563312096731
Author(s):  
Nadia Parsazadeh ◽  
Pei-Yu Cheng ◽  
Ting-Ting Wu ◽  
Yueh-Min Huang
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Digital Storytelling ◽  
Computational Thinking ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Learning Activity ◽  
English Language Learning ◽  
Problem Solving Skills ◽  
And Performance

This paper examines a method which can be used by instructors pursuing innovative methods for language teaching, which expands learners’ motivation in second language learning. Computational thinking (CT) is a problem-solving skill which can motivate students’ English language learning. Designing a learning activity which integrates CT into English language learning has been considered in only a few academic studies. This study aimed to explore whether integrating CT into English language learning can be useful for improving learners’ motivation and performance. The method of “present, practice, and produce” was applied as a method of presenting computational thinking in the English language learning classroom. Fifty-two elementary school students (52) participated in the experimental study. Following an experimental design, data were collected and analyzed from a combination of knowledge test scores, storytelling, motivation, and anxiety surveys. The experimental results indicate that the CT strategy improves students’ language learning and raises their motivation in the two dimensions of extrinsic and intrinsic goal orientation. These results imply the positive effect of CT strategy on strengthening problem-solving skills of students participating in digital storytelling and increases their motivation and performance in English language learning.

Theoretical Approach to the Development of a Program of Economic Culture Formation by Orphaned Children of Primary School Age

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
А. Шахманова ◽  
A. Shakhmanova ◽  
М. Саидова ◽  
M. Saidova
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
School Age ◽  
Economic Literacy ◽  
Orphaned Children ◽  
Culture Formation ◽  
Economic Culture ◽  
Primary School Age ◽  
Theoretical Foundations

The article reveals the main directions of the content of the economic component of the education and upbringing of younger schoolchildren. It emphasizes the relevance of this problem for orphans raised in an orphanage, since the development of their economic literacy eliminates potential difficulties and ensures more successful process of further socialization of the growing personality. Particular attention is paid in the article to the theoretical foundations of the development of a program for the formation of an economic culture among pupils of primary school age.

The Oxford Handbook of Adaptation Studies

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Adaptation Studies ◽  
Original Essays ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Aesthetic ◽  
Theoretical Foundations ◽  
State Of The Field

This collection of forty original essays reflects on the history of adaptation studies, surveys the current state of the field, and maps out possible futures that mobilize its unparalleled ability to bring together theorists and practitioners in different modes of discourse. Grounding contemporary adaptation studies in a series of formative debates about what adaptation is, whether its orientation should be scientific or aesthetic, and whether it is most usefully approached inductively, through close analyses of specific adaptations, or deductively, through general theories of adaptation, the volume, not so much a museum as a laboratory or a provocation, aims to foster, rather than resolve, these debates. Its seven parts focus on the historical and theoretical foundations of adaptation study, the problems raised by adapting canonical classics and the aesthetic commons, the ways different genres and presentational modes illuminate and transform the nature of adaptation, the relations between adaptation and intertextuality, the interdisciplinary status of adaptation, and the issues involved in professing adaptation, now and in the future. Embracing an expansive view of adaptation and adaptation studies, it emphasizes the area’s status as a crossroads or network that fosters interactive exchange across many disciplines and advocates continued debate on its leading questions as the best defense against the possibilities of dilution, miscommunication, and chaos that this expansive view threatens to introduce to a burgeoning field uniquely responsive to the contemporary textual landscape.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document