Numerical Simulation of Crude Oil Dispersion in Water

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 15-28
Author(s):  
Adebayo Tajudeen Ogunyemi ◽  
Samuel Oluwagbohunmi Abisuwa ◽  
Oluwagbenga Olawale Omotara ◽  
Abdulwahab Giwa
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Water Body ◽  
Spatial Point ◽  
Partial Differentiation ◽  
Crank Nicolson

Dispersion is one of the fate processes of oil spill. This research has been carried out on the numerical simulation of the dispersion of crude oil using the model obtained from the work of Hamam (1987). The model was solved with the explicit, implicit and Crank-Nicolson methods of solution of partial differentiation equations with the aid of MATLAB, and the concentration of the crude oil dispersed in water was obtained. The results obtained revealed that the three methods could be used to study the process because the profiles given by all of them were very similar. Also discovered from the investigations carried out was that the concentration of crude oil was decreasing with time for a particular spatial point while, for a particular time, it was increasing along the length of the water body. It was also discovered that experiments would be very necessary in order for the validation of the results obtained from the simulations.

EFFORT TO RESCUE OTTERS AFTER SPILL IS IN DISPUTE

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 661-661
Author(s):  
J. F. L.
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Preliminary Data ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Exxon Valdez ◽  
Sea Otters ◽  
Exxon Valdez Oil Spill ◽  
Rehabilitation Centers ◽  
Government Contract

ANCHORAGE, April 20—Sea otters rescued from waters fouled by the Exxon Valdez oil spill fared poorly after their return to the wild last fall, and scientists working under Government contract say at least half may have perished over the winter. Nearly 900 dead otters were found after the tanker spilled almost 11 million gallons of crude oil in March 1989. An additional 360 were netted alive and brought to rehabilitation centers at Valdez, Seward, Homer and Kodiak. About 200 were later returned to Prince William Sound but some scientists say that as many as half may have perished and that the rehabilitation effort has been largely futile... The withholding of scientific information on the spill for legal reasons by all the parties is becoming a major source of controversy as research projects begin to generate at least preliminary data.

Experimental simulation of crude oil-water partitioning behavior of BTEX compounds during a deep submarine oil spill

2017 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aprami Jaggi ◽  
Ryan W. Snowdon ◽  
Andrew Stopford ◽  
Jagoš R. Radović ◽  
Thomas B.P. Oldenburg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Experimental Simulation ◽  
Water Partitioning ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Partitioning Behavior ◽  
Btex Compounds

Numerical simulation of oil spill caused by ship collision in Dongjiakou Port

2015 ◽  
pp. 77-80
Author(s):  
R Hu ◽  
N Wang ◽  
S Jiang ◽  
L Zhu ◽  
J Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Ship Collision

scholarly journals Sacrificial amphiphiles: Eco-friendly chemical herders as oil spill mitigation chemicals

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. e1400265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deeksha Gupta ◽  
Bivas Sarker ◽  
Keith Thadikaran ◽  
Vijay John ◽  
Charles Maldarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Marine Biota ◽  
Polar Group ◽  
Branched Chain

Crude oil spills are a major threat to marine biota and the environment. When light crude oil spills on water, it forms a thin layer that is difficult to clean by any methods of oil spill response. Under these circumstances, a special type of amphiphile termed as “chemical herder” is sprayed onto the water surrounding the spilled oil. The amphiphile forms a monomolecular layer on the water surface, reducing the air–sea surface tension and causing the oil slick to retract into a thick mass that can be burnt in situ. The current best-known chemical herders are chemically stable and nonbiodegradable, and hence remain in the marine ecosystem for years. We architect an eco-friendly, sacrificial, and effective green herder derived from the plant-based small-molecule phytol, which is abundant in the marine environment, as an alternative to the current chemical herders. Phytol consists of a regularly branched chain of isoprene units that form the hydrophobe of the amphiphile; the chain is esterified to cationic groups to form the polar group. The ester linkage is proximal to an allyl bond in phytol, which facilitates the hydrolysis of the amphiphile after adsorption to the sea surface into the phytol hydrophobic tail, which along with the unhydrolyzed herder, remains on the surface to maintain herding action, and the cationic group, which dissolves into the water column. Eventual degradation of the phytol tail and dilution of the cation make these sacrificial amphiphiles eco-friendly. The herding behavior of phytol-based amphiphiles is evaluated as a function of time, temperature, and water salinity to examine their versatility under different conditions, ranging from ice-cold water to hot water. The green chemical herder retracted oil slicks by up to ~500, 700, and 2500% at 5°, 20°, and 35°C, respectively, during the first 10 min of the experiment, which is on a par with the current best chemical herders in practice.

Simulation Program for Berthing and Mooring of Two Vessels in Consideration of Exact Hydrodynamic Interactions

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigeki Sakakibara ◽  
Masashi Wakabayashi ◽  
Kiyoshi Shimada ◽  
Hiroshi Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Simulation System ◽  
Hydrodynamic Interactions ◽  
Simulation Program ◽  
Present System ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Tank Experiment ◽  
Water Tank Experiment

A numerical simulation system has been developed for safety evaluation of berthing and side-by-side transfer offshore operations between two vessels. Water-tank experiment has been conducted on behaviors of connected two vessels in waves, providing accuracy of the system. Also behavior of two vessels during ship-to-ship transfer offshore operation of crude oil has been simulated by the present system to demonstrate usefulness of the system.

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