Pinhole-Free PbS Thin Film Production Using a Low-Temperature Chemical Bath Deposition Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Metehan Önal ◽  
Barış Altıokka
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Chemical Bath Deposition ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Peak Intensity ◽  
Cbd Method ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Surface Morphologies ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Thin Film Production

In this study, PbS thin films were produced at a low temperature such as 15Co using the chemical bath deposition (CBD) method.0.0085 M Pb (NO3)2 and 0.1460 M NaOH were dissolved in 100ml deionized water. 0.510 M thiourea which would be added to the solution was divided into 10 portions and added at zero, two, four, six and eight-minute intervals. Structural analysis of the obtained samples was carried out from XRD patterns which showed a significant increase in the peak intensity of the films obtained by adding thiourea at intervals of four and six minutes. The surface morphologies of the films were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope. According to the SEM images, when thiourea was added to the solution at intervals of four minutes, no cracks and holes were formed on the surfaces of the films obtained.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of Alumina Nanoparticles in Deionized Water Using Laser Ablation Technique

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veeradate Piriyawong ◽  
Voranuch Thongpool ◽  
Piyapong Asanithi ◽  
Pichet Limsuwan
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Laser Ablation ◽  
Absorption Spectra ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Alumina Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Al2O3nanoparticles were synthesized using laser ablation of an aluminum (Al) target in deionized water. Nd:YAG laser, emitted the light at a wavelength of 1064 nm, was used as a light source. The laser ablation was carried out at different energies of 1, 3, and 5 J. The structure of ablated Al particles suspended in deionized water was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD). The XRD patterns revealed that the ablated Al particles transformed intoγ-Al2O3. The morphology of nanoparticles was investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The FE-SEM images showed that most of the nanoparticles obtained from all the ablated laser energies have spherical shape with a particle size of less than 100 nm. Furthermore, it was observed that the particle size increased with increasing the laser energy. The absorption spectra of Al2O3nanoparticles suspended in deionized water were recorded at room temperature using UV-visible spectroscopy. The absorption spectra show a strong peak at 210 nmarising from the presence of Al2O3nanoparticles. The results on absorption spectra are in good agreement with those investigated by XRD which confirmed the formation of Al2O3nanoparticles during the laser ablation of Al target in deionized water.

scholarly journals Investigation of Ferrimagnetic Sr-hexaferrite Nanocrystals for Clinical Hyperthermia

2021 ◽  
pp. X
Author(s):  
Burcu ERTUĞ
Keyword(s):  
Crystallite Size ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Vibrating Sample Magnetometry ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Ceramic Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Scanning Electron

Sr-hexaferrite samples were produced via the conventional ceramic method. X-ray diffractometry (XRD) patterns confirmed the single nanocrystal phase as Sr-hexaferrite where any pattern peaks of unreacted Fe2O3 phase were  not detected. The mean crystallite size values were determined to be 44.12±3.4nm and 41.2±3.2nm for SHF-O1 and SHF-O2, respectively. The chemical bonding peaks of our sample indicated that the structure of Sr-hexaferrite formation was confirmed by FTIR spectra result. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images indicated clearly observed porosity regions with relative densities as high as 94% and 87% for SHF-O1 and SHF-O2 samples.The vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM) of each sample at 2K and under a magnetic field of 10 kOe yielded saturation magnetizations, Ms of 93.5 and 94.1 emu/g; remanence values, Mr of 76.4 and  67.8 emu/g for SHF-O1 and SHF-O2, respectively. The magnetization loops of both samples indicated a soft ferrimagnetic behaviour in which the saturation magnetizations were higher than those measured  at room temperature in the previous studies. The coercivities, Hc were measured to be 150Oe for both samples. The squareness values, SQR (Mr/Ms) were measured to be high, approximately 0.82 and 0.72 for SHF-O1 and SHF-O2, respectively. Depending on the adequate values of magnetization and coercivity along with small mean crystallite size and low porosity values of the obtained Sr-hexaferrite samples, we estimate that these samples are likely to be evaluated further for the potential use as thermoseeds in the field of clinical hyperthermia.

Electrodeposited Ni-Co Films from Electrolytes with Different Co Contents

2021 ◽  
Vol 406 ◽  
pp. 219-228
Author(s):  
Ouahiba Herzallah ◽  
Hachemi Ben Temam ◽  
Asma Ababsa ◽  
Abderrahmane Gana
Keyword(s):  
Content Increase ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Hcp Structure ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Steel Substrates ◽  
Co Alloys ◽  
Scanning Electron

Ni–Co alloy coatings were electrodeposited at various cobalt amounts on pretreated steel substrates. The co-deposition phenomenon of Ni-Co alloys was described as anomalous behaviour. Different techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and potentiodynamic polarization were used to characterize the alloy coatings. EDX results showed that the Co content increase with the enhancing of Co amount. SEM images have shown that the increase of Co amount leads grain developing from large grain to branched grain form and that goes through spherical and pyramidal, this implies that the grain size of these alloy coatings is greatly affected by Co amount in the electrolyte baths. XRD patterns revealed that the phase structure of Ni–Co coatings is dramatically changed from fcc into hcp structure with the increase of Co amount. The electrochemical properties of Ni-Co alloy coatings evaluated in 3.5% NaCl solution reveal that Ni–34.32 wt.% Co alloy exhibits better corrosion resistance compared to pure Ni and other Ni–Co alloy coatings.

Catalytic Ozonation of Humic Acids with La-Mn/γ-Al2O3 Complexation Catalysts

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 691-695
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Shi Lin Zhao ◽  
Peng Juan Yuan ◽  
Lin Li
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Joint Effect ◽  
Catalytic Ozonation ◽  
Uv Absorbance ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Simulated Wastewater ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of a catalytic ozonation system for the treatment of humic acid(HA) as simulated wastewater by use of the rare earth and transition metal complexing γ-Al2O3catalysts(RTCC) in aqueous solution at room temperature. In the reaction, HA was removed by the joint effect of ozonation and catalytic oxidation. Experimental results showed that the optimum technological conditions were calcination at 723 K, pH of 11 and 1:1 ratio (La (NO3)3/ Mn (NO3)2) for the preparation of RTCC. The ozonation with RTCC induced a significant degradation efficiency of HA in UV absorbance, as compared to ozone alone was 21.11% higher after 30 minutes reaction. The RTCC samples were measured by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images.

Synthesis of Ternary Semiconductor Silver Bismuth Telluride by Chemical Bath Deposition

2017 ◽  
Vol 751 ◽  
pp. 489-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patamaporn Termsaithong ◽  
Aphichart Rodchanarowan
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Bath Deposition ◽  
Bismuth Telluride ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solar Cell Application ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Rhombohedral Crystal Structure ◽  
Rhombohedral Crystal ◽  
Ternary Semiconductor ◽  
Cbd Method ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this study, the synthesis of the ternary semiconductor sensitized silver bismuth telluride (AgBiTe2: SBT) particles was produced in the solution of AgNO3, Bi (NO3)3×5H2O and Na2O3Te by using a chemical bath deposition (CBD) method and annealing at 200°C for 1 h. According to scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the particle size of SBT after annealing was bigger than before annealing. Based on X-ray diffraction, the SBT after annealing for 1h became more crystalline. In addition, the XRF data also demonstrated that the SBT powder consists of Ag, Bi, and Te as dominant elements. The XRD result confirms a successful growth of the SBT particles with rhombohedral crystal structure. Based on the obtaining results, the SBT particles were successfully synthesized and potentially applied for solar cell application.

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Property of Rare Earth of Fluoride NaYF4:Er3+ Materials

2011 ◽  
Vol 399-401 ◽  
pp. 569-572
Author(s):  
Zao Ming Chen ◽  
Xi Rong Chen ◽  
De Yuan Hu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Hydrothermal Synthesis ◽  
Hexagonal Phase ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Scanning Electron

High quality NaYF4and NaYF4:Er3+materials were prepared using EDTA-assisted hydrothermal method. The effects of doping of Er3+on the shape of samples were discussed. The samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). XRD patterns show that the samples are hexagonal phase of NaYF4and NaYF4:Er3+with good crystallization. SEM images present that the samples of NaYF4are homogeneous nanorods with a diameter of 342 nm and a length of 1043nm，the NaYF4:Er3+(5%) sample with a diameter of180.7nm and a length of 1220nm, and NaYF4:Er3+(10%) with a diameter of 139.4nm and a length of 939.9nm.The sizes of the NaYF4and NaYF4:Er3+nanoparticles are basically consistent with that calculated from XRD peak via the Scherrer equation.

scholarly journals Influence of Low-Temperature Dyeing Process on Physical Properties and Surface Morphology of Cashmere Fibers

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 155892501200700
Author(s):  
Qian Li ◽  
Long Li ◽  
Jingfeng Shao
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
High Light ◽  
Color Fastness ◽  
Dyeing Process ◽  
Tensile Tester ◽  
Light Color ◽  
Surface Morphologies ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Surface Scale

A low temperature dyeing process of cashmere has the advantages of saving energy and causing less damage to fibers. In this paper, the tensile properties of dyed cashmere by low-temperature dyeing and conventional dyeing were tested using a single fiber tensile tester. The surface morphologies of raw cashmere and dyed cashmere were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The SEM pictures show that the damage of the surface scale of cashmere by low the temperature dyeing process was much less than by the conventional dyeing process, and the tensile strength of deyed cashmere fiber by low-temperature dyeing was found to be high. Light-color and medium-color cashmere fibers dyed with Pula dye by low-temperature dyeing have good color fastness.

Synthesis and Characterization of Flower-Sphere MoS2

2011 ◽  
Vol 695 ◽  
pp. 429-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhou ◽  
Xin Zhe Lan ◽  
Ping Ren ◽  
Qiu Li Zhang ◽  
Yong Hui Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Hydrothermal Systems ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Scanning Electron

The flower-sphere molybdenum disulfide has been synthesized by reaction of Na2MoO4 and CS(NH2)2 with NH2OH·HCl or H2C2O4 as reductant. The microstructure and chemical composition of the product were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope. XRD patterns showed that the molar ratio of Mo to S had a great effect on the purity of the product. When the molar ratio of Mo to S was 1:5, the product was nearly pure MoS2. SEM images showed that the particle size increased as the molar ratio of Mo to S reduced. The MoS2 microspheres had rough surfaces and were constructed with sheet-like structures in the two systems. But the product from the system of NH2OH·HCl as reductant has the bigger particle size, clearer petal-sheets, coarser surface and weaker agglomeration than that from the system H2C2O4 as reductant. The possible chemical reactions in hydrothermal systems were preliminarily discussed.

Investigation of Nanostructures Materials from Rice Husk Ash by Thermal Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 717 ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
Khanidtha Jantasom ◽  
Potjanee Somrud ◽  
Suttinart Noothongkeaw ◽  
Ki Seok An ◽  
Udom Tipparach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Thermal Process ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stereo Microscope ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Source Materials ◽  
Scanning Electron

Nanostructures materials were prepared from rice husk ash by carbon charcoal assisted. The rice husk ash mixed with coconut shell charcoal and Cu-Sn powder as the source materials. The mixtures materials were heated at 1100 °C under atmosphere of nitrogen with flow rate of 1 L/min. After the temperature was cool down, the prepared products were characterized by the stereo microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The SEM images showed nanostructures materials such as nanoparticles, nanorods and nanowires. The XRD patterns indentified that the consisted of nanostructures materials were SiO2-CuO phase.

Development of Asymmetric Ceramic Membranes Coated with Residue of Granite for Use in Wastewater Treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 930 ◽  
pp. 572-577
Author(s):  
M.A. Ribeiro Bonifácio ◽  
Helio Lucena Lira ◽  
M. Inocêncio ◽  
M. C. da Silva ◽  
R.F.V. Farias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Ceramic Membranes ◽  
Deionized Water ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
Indigo Blue ◽  
Scanning Electron

This work deals with preparation and characterization of asymmetric ceramic membranes using the residue as a precursor of granite, for use in the treatment of effluents. For this, were prepared ceramic supports of alumina coated with a layer of residue of granite and sintered at temperatures of 800, 850 and 900° C for 1h for each temperature. The characterization of the membranes was accomplished through the technique of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), flow measurements with deionized water and analysis of rejection of indigo blue in a synthetic effluent. SEM images revealed that the membrane sintered at 900°C was completely covered with a uniform layer of residue. Flow analysis with deionized water showed that the calcined membrane at 800oC presented the largest flow. Rejection tests showed that the membranes were efficient in removing indigo blue from effluent.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document