Investigation into Damage of Aluminum Multi-Wall Shield under Hypervelocity Projectiles Impact

2008 ◽  
Vol 385-387 ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
Gong Shun Guan ◽  
Bao Jun Pang ◽  
Run Qiang Chi ◽  
Nai Gang Cui
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Space Debris ◽  
Hypervelocity Impact ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
First Wall ◽  
Experiment Data ◽  
Normal Impact ◽  
Advanced Method ◽  
Hypervelocity Impacts ◽  
Gas Gun

In order to study the hypervelocity impact of space debris on spacecraft through hypervelocity impact on aluminum alloy multi-wall structure, a two-stage light gas gun was used to launch 2017-T4 aluminum alloy sphere projectiles. The projectile diameters ranged from 2.74mm to 6.35mm and impact velocities ranged from 1.91km/s to 5.58km/s. Firstly, the advanced method of multi-wall shield resisting hypervelocity impacts from space debris was investigated, and the effect of amount and thickness of wall on shield performance was discussed. Finally, by regression analyzing of experiment data, the experience equations for forecasting the diameter of the penetration hole on the first wall and the diameter of the damaged area on the second wall of aluminum multi-wall shield under hypervelocity normal impact of Al-spheres were obtained. The results indicated that the performance of multi-wall shield with more amount of wall is excellent when area density is constant. At the same time, intensity of the first wall and protecting space play the important roles.

A Study of Damage in Aluminum Dual-Wall Structure by Hypervelocity Impact of AL-Spheres

2006 ◽  
Vol 324-325 ◽  
pp. 197-200
Author(s):  
Gong Shun Guan ◽  
Bao Jun Pang ◽  
Run Qiang Chi ◽  
Yao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Space Debris ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Hypervelocity Impact ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Rear Wall ◽  
Back Wall ◽  
Projectile Velocity ◽  
Gas Gun ◽  
The Law

In order to simulate and study the hypervelocity impact of space debris on dual-wall structure of spacecrafts, firstly a non-powder two-stage light gas gun was used to launch AL-sphere projectiles. Damage modes in rear wall of dual-wall structure were obtained, and while the law of damage in rear wall depends on projectile diameter and impact velocity were proposed. Finally, numerical simulation method was used to study the law of damage in rear wall. By experiment and numerical simulation of hypervelocity impact on the dual-wall structure by Al-spheres, and it is found that AUTODYN-2D SPH is an effective method of predicting damage in rear wall from hypervelocity impact. By numerical simulation of projectile diameter, projectile velocity and the space between bumper and back wall effect on damage in rear wall by hypervelocity impact, and fitting curves with simulation results, the law of damage in rear wall and dominant factors effect damage in rear wall by hypervelocity impact were proposed.

Experimental Investigation and Numerical Simulation of Porous Volcano Rock Hypervelocity Impact on Whipple Shield of Spacecrafts

2010 ◽  
Vol 452-453 ◽  
pp. 385-388
Author(s):  
Bin Jia ◽  
Gao Jian Liao ◽  
Hai Peng Gong ◽  
Bao Jun Pang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Space Debris ◽  
Geometrical Model ◽  
Hypervelocity Impact ◽  
Rear Wall ◽  
Projectile Impact ◽  
Gas Gun ◽  
Significant Damage ◽  
Speed Range ◽  
Whipple Shield

All spacecrafts in earth orbit are subject to hypervelocity impact by micro-meteoroids and space debris, which can in turn lead to significant damage and catastrophic failure of spacecraft. Porous volcano rock was adopted as one of micro-meteoroid material due to their similar physical and geometric features. Two-stage light gas gun experiments were carried out for a 6mm diameter volcano rock projectile impact on an Al-Whipple shield within the speed range from 1 km/s to 3 km/s. An ANSYS/LS-DYNA software was employed and justified by experimental results, in which a porous geometrical model was established for volcano rock projectile. The higher speed range was extended from 3 km/s to 10 km/s by numerical simulation. The results of experiments and numerical simulation indicated that major damage on rear wall of the Whipple shield impacted by volcano rock projectile is caused by the fragments of bumper of the shield, which is different from that of aluminum projectile. And 5.5km/s is the critical speed of a 6mm diameter volcano rock projectile impact on the Whipple shield investigated.

Four-View Split-Image Fragment Tracking in Hypervelocity Impact Experiments

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erkai Watson ◽  
Nico Kunert ◽  
Robin Putzar ◽  
Hans-Gerd Maas ◽  
Stefan Hiermaier
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Particle Tracking Velocimetry ◽  
Space Debris ◽  
Particle Image ◽  
Hypervelocity Impact ◽  
Hypervelocity Impacts ◽  
Image Fragment ◽  
Image Velocimetry ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Impact Experiments

Abstract Hypervelocity impacts (HVI) often cause significant fragmentation to occur in both target and projectile materials, and is often encountered in space debris and planetary impact applications [1]–[5]. In this paper, we focus on determining the individual velocities and sizes of fragments tracked in high-speed images. Inspired by velocimetry methods such as Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) [6] and Particle Tracking Velocimetry (PTV) [7] and building on past work [8], we describe the setup and algorithm used for measuring fragmentation data.

Simulation of Characteristics of Debris Cloud Produced by Hypervelocity Impact

2014 ◽  
Vol 940 ◽  
pp. 300-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Lai Ma ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Bao Jun Pang
Keyword(s):  
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Space Debris ◽  
Normal Incidence ◽  
Hypervelocity Impact ◽  
Critical Systems ◽  
Hypervelocity Impacts ◽  
Cloud Characteristics ◽  
Particle Hydrodynamics ◽  
Smoothed Particle ◽  
Debris Cloud

All spacecraft in low orbit are subject to hypervelocity impacts by meteoroids and space debris. These impacts can damage spacecraft flight-critical systems, which can in turn lead to catastrophic failure of the spacecraft. The numerical simulations of characteristics of debris cloud produced by an aluminum sphere projectile hypervelocity impact on different material bumpers at normal incidence have been carried out by using the SPH (smoothed particle hydrodynamics) technique. The effects of impact velocity, the ratio t/d of the bumper thickness to the projectile diameter and the bumper materials on the debris cloud characteristics are presented.

scholarly journals TRAJECTORY BASED 3D FRAGMENT TRACKING IN HYPERVELOCITY IMPACT EXPERIMENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-2 ◽  
pp. 1175-1181 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Watson ◽  
H.-G. Maas ◽  
F. Schäfer ◽  
S. Hiermaier
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Technique ◽  
Experimental Measurement ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Space Debris ◽  
Hypervelocity Impact ◽  
Experimental Setup ◽  
Velocity Data ◽  
Hypervelocity Impacts ◽  
Impact Experiment ◽  
Impact Experiments

Collisions between space debris and satellites in Earth’s orbits are not only catastrophic to the satellite, but also create thousands of new fragments, exacerbating the space debris problem. One challenge in understanding the space debris environment is the lack of data on fragmentation and breakup caused by hypervelocity impacts. In this paper, we present an experimental measurement technique capable of recording 3D position and velocity data of fragments produced by hypervelocity impact experiments in the lab. The experimental setup uses stereo high-speed cameras to record debris fragments generated by a hypervelocity impact. Fragments are identified and tracked by searching along trajectory lines and outliers are filtered in 4D space (3D + time) with RANSAC. The method is demonstrated on a hypervelocity impact experiment at 3.2 km/s and fragment velocities and positions are measured. The results demonstrate that the method is very robust in its ability to identify and track fragments from the low resolution and noisy images typical of high-speed recording.

Investigation into Damage of Aluminum Gas-Filled Pressure Vessels under Hypervelocity Impact

2007 ◽  
Vol 348-349 ◽  
pp. 785-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gong Shun Guan ◽  
Bao Jun Pang ◽  
Yue Ha
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Space Debris ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Hypervelocity Impact ◽  
Gas Pressure ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
Gas Gun ◽  
The One ◽  
Impact Kinetic Energy ◽  
The Impact

Impacts of meteoroids and space debris on pressure vessels can have detrimental consequences for any mission. Depending on the parameters of the impacting particle and the characteristic of the vessel, the damages can range from relatively uncritical craters in the vessel’s surface to the catastrophic bursting of vessels, which besides the loss of vessel may result in severe secondary damages to surrounding components. In order to investigate failure mechanisms of thin-walled aluminum pressure vessels under hypervelocity impact of space debris, a non-powder two-stage light gas gun was used to launch Al-sphere projectiles impacting on unshielded and shielded vessels. Damage patterns and mechanisms leading to catastrophic rupture are discussed. Experimental results indicate that the impact kinetic energy of the projectile and the gas pressure in the vessel have an important effect on the damage modes of the vessel. On the one hand, high pressure gas can lead to a vessel blast. On the other hand, high pressure gas can mitigate the impact of the debris cloud on the rear wall of the vessel. Catastrophic rupture of unshielded gas-filled vessels can be avoided when the impact energy is less than a certain limit value. When the bumper is perforated, damage of shielded pressure vessel might be fatal for vessels with high gas pressure.

scholarly journals Dust and atmospheric influence on plasma properties observed in light gas gun hypervelocity impact experiments

2021 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 103833
Author(s):  
Benjamin Estacio ◽  
Gil Shohet ◽  
Sean A.Q. Young ◽  
Isaac Matthews ◽  
Nicolas Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hypervelocity Impact ◽  
Plasma Properties ◽  
Gas Gun ◽  
Impact Experiments

Debris/Micrometeoroid Impacts and Synergistic Effects on Spacecraft Materials

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Grossman ◽  
I. Gouzman ◽  
R. Verker
Keyword(s):  
Space Debris ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Space Environment ◽  
Materials Properties ◽  
Gas Gun ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Space Activity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Debris Impact

AbstractIn the last 40 years, the increased space activity created a new form of space environment of hypervelocity objects—space debris—that have no functional use. The space debris, together with naturally occurring ultrahigh velocity meteoroids, presents a significant hazard to spacecraft. Collision with space debris or meteoroids might result in disfunction of external units such as solar cells, affecting materials properties, contaminating optical devices, or destroying satellites. The collision normally results in the formation of additional debris, increasing the hazard for future missions. The hypervelocity debris effect is studied by retrieving materials from space or by using ground simulation facilities. Simulation facilities, which include the light gas gun and Laser Driven Flyer methods, are used for studying the materials degradation due to debris impact. The impact effect could be accelerated when occurring simultaneously with other space environment components, such as atomic oxygen, ultraviolet, or x-ray radiation. Understanding the degradation mechanism might help in developing materials that will withstand the increasing hazard from the space debris, allowing for longer space missions. The large increase in space debris population and the associated risk to space activity requires significant measures to mitigate this hazard. Most current efforts are being devoted to prevention of collisions by keeping track of the larger debris and avoiding formation of new debris.

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