Study on Grind-Hardening Temperature Field Based on Infrared Temperature Measurement and Numerical Simulation

2010 ◽  
Vol 443 ◽  
pp. 394-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Guo Zhang ◽  
Pei Qi Ge ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Mao Cheng Tian
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Statistical Probability ◽  
Grind Hardening ◽  
Infrared Temperature Measurement ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Grinding Temperature Field

Based on the method of the statistical probability, the theory forecasting model of grinding force is modified analytically. The calculated force is used as an input factor to calculate the heat flux. Then the transient grinding temperature field is simulated using the finite element analysis (FEA). An infrared imaging system for a full area temperature measurement is used to validate the numerical model. Additionally, the experimental results are synthesized with the simulation results to analyze the temperature field and the hardness penetration depth (HPD). The distribution of the temperature field and the stability of the grind-hardening process are discussed, which could provide a reliable forecasting method for optimizing the grind process and controlling the hardening effects forwardly.

scholarly journals Validation of ozone profile retrievals derived from the OMPS LP version 2.5 algorithm against correlative satellite measurements

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 2837-2861 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya A. Kramarova ◽  
Pawan K. Bhartia ◽  
Glen Jaross ◽  
Leslie Moy ◽  
Philippe Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Chemistry ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Thermal Sensitivity ◽  
Retrieval Algorithm ◽  
Ozone Profile ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Cloud Tops ◽  
Spectral Ranges

Abstract. The Limb Profiler (LP) is a part of the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite launched on board of the Suomi NPP satellite in October 2011. The LP measures solar radiation scattered from the atmospheric limb in ultraviolet and visible spectral ranges between the surface and 80 km. These measurements of scattered solar radiances allow for the retrieval of ozone profiles from cloud tops up to 55 km. The LP started operational observations in April 2012. In this study we evaluate more than 5.5 years of ozone profile measurements from the OMPS LP processed with the new NASA GSFC version 2.5 retrieval algorithm. We provide a brief description of the key changes that had been implemented in this new algorithm, including a pointing correction, new cloud height detection, explicit aerosol correction and a reduction of the number of wavelengths used in the retrievals. The OMPS LP ozone retrievals have been compared with independent satellite profile measurements obtained from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and Odin Optical Spectrograph and InfraRed Imaging System (OSIRIS). We document observed biases and seasonal differences and evaluate the stability of the version 2.5 ozone record over 5.5 years. Our analysis indicates that the mean differences between LP and correlative measurements are well within required ±10 % between 18 and 42 km. In the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere (> 43 km) LP tends to have a negative bias. We find larger biases in the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere, but LP ozone retrievals have significantly improved in version 2.5 compared to version 2 due to the implemented aerosol correction. In the northern high latitudes we observe larger biases between 20 and 32 km due to the remaining thermal sensitivity issue. Our analysis shows that LP ozone retrievals agree well with the correlative satellite observations in characterizing vertical, spatial and temporal ozone distribution associated with natural processes, like the seasonal cycle and quasi-biennial oscillations. We found a small positive drift ∼ 0.5 % yr−1 in the LP ozone record against MLS and OSIRIS that is more pronounced at altitudes above 35 km. This pattern in the relative drift is consistent with a possible 100 m drift in the LP sensor pointing detected by one of our altitude-resolving methods.

Finite Element Analysis of Grinding Temperature Field for NMQL in Nickel-Base Alloy Grinding

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-131
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Temperature Field ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Base Alloy ◽  
Grinding Temperature ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Step Algorithm ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Grinding Temperature Field

Temperature is not only an important parameter in machining, but also an important basis for process optimization. Accurate prediction and reasonable analysis of grinding temperature is of great and far-reaching significance to the development and promotion of nanofluid micro-lubrication. In this chapter, the mathematical model of finite element simulation of temperature field of high efficiency deep grinding under four kinds of cooling lubrication conditions is established, and the three boundary conditions and the constraints of simulation model are established, and the mesh division and time step algorithm are determined respectively. Using ABAQUS simulation platform and theoretical model to simulate grinding temperature field, the distribution characteristics of grinding temperature field under different working conditions are analyzed from different directions, different grinding depths, and different workpiece materials.

scholarly journals Numerical and Experimental Investigation of Temperature Distribution for Dry-Clutches

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Fei Meng ◽  
Junqiang Xi
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Transient Temperature ◽  
Measurement Technology ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
Friction Disc

The temperature rise of the engaging clutch during shifting depends heavily on the transmitted torque. Precisely estimating the clutch temperature not only improves clutch control but also the optimal design of the clutch. However, the contact surface of the friction lining is closed, and the surface temperature is often difficult to measure accurately. In this study, a theoretical model of a two-dimensional transient temperature field for the friction disc has been established. In the radial and axial directions under different launching conditions, the temperature field of a friction disc is investigated. Four stages of clutch engagement have been determined, and finite-element analysis has been used to study the temperature field of a single clutch and to determine its duration.Then, the latest internationally developed distributed optical fiber sensing technology is used to perform measurement tests on the designed dry clutch friction characteristic test rig. The distributed fiber-optic temperature measurement technology can accomplish accurate temperature measurement with fast response speed and can acquire temperature value on different radii of friction discs with high spatial resolution. Such temperature sensing technology is very suitable for clutch working conditions. By analyzing the simulation and experimental results of temperature variation of different radii, different working conditions and different components, an important reference is provided for the establishment of the clutch temperature model and the optimization of the clutch heat dissipation structure design.

scholarly journals Assessment of Odin-OSIRIS ozone measurements from 2001 to the present using MLS, GOMOS, and ozone sondes

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 3819-3857 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Adams ◽  
A. E. Bourassa ◽  
V. Sofieva ◽  
L. Froidevaux ◽  
C. A. McLinden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Ozone Data ◽  
High Bias ◽  
The Stability

Abstract. The Optical Spectrograph and InfraRed Imaging System (OSIRIS) was launched aboard the Odin satellite in 2001 and is continuing to take limb-scattered sunlight measurements of the atmosphere. This work aims to characterize and assess the stability of the OSIRIS 11 yr v5.0x ozone data set. Three validation data sets were used: the v2.2 Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) and v6 Global Ozone Monitoring of Occultation on Stars (GOMOS) satellite data records, and ozone sonde measurements. Global mean percent differences between coincident OSIRIS and validation measurements are within 5% of zero at all altitude layers above 18.5 km for MLS, above 21.5 km for GOMOS, and above 17.5 km for ozone sondes. Below 17.5 km, OSIRIS measurements agree with ozone sondes within 5% and are well-correlated (R > 0.75) with them. For low OSIRIS optics temperatures (< 16 °C), OSIRIS ozone measurements are biased low by up 6% compared with the validation data sets for 25.5–40.5 km. Biases between OSIRIS ascending and descending node measurements were investigated and were found to be related to aerosol retrievals below 27.5 km. Above 30 km, agreement between OSIRIS and the validation data sets was related to the OSIRIS retrieved albedo, which measures apparent upwelling, with a high bias for in OSIRIS data with large albedos. In order to assess the long-term stability of OSIRIS measurements, global average drifts relative to the validation data sets were calculated and were found to be < 3% per decade for comparisons against MLS for 19.5–36.5 km, GOMOS for 18.5–54.5 km, and ozone sondes for 12.5–22.5 km, and within error of 3% per decade at most altitudes. Above 36.5 km, the relative drift for OSIRIS versus MLS ranged from ~ 0–6%, depending on the data set used to convert MLS data to the OSIRIS altitude versus number density grid. Overall, this work demonstrates that the OSIRIS 11 yr ozone data set from 2001 to the present is suitable for trend studies.

scholarly journals A Novel Technique for Full-Field Deformation and Temperature Measurement by Ultraviolet Imaging: Experimental Design and Preliminary Results

Coatings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 641
Author(s):  
Jingqing Zhang ◽  
Yong Shang ◽  
Xuehang Li ◽  
Yali Dong ◽  
Yanling Pei
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Temperature Measurement ◽  
Bandpass Filter ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Image Correlation ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Field Calculation ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Uv Imaging

Synchronous measurement of full-field temperature and deformation at high temperature especially more than 1273 K is of much significance especially for part applications of turbine structures and materials. Non-contact optical methods attract more and more attention, however, current methods all face different challenges, such as strong light reflection on the surface of the specimen, disturbing radiation from environment, complex equipment setup, limited measured temperature not higher than 900 ℃ and so on. In this work, we develop an innovative technique to overcome some current problems. The measurement system employing an ultraviolet (UV) imaging system is composed of a scientific complementary metal oxide semiconductor (sCMOS) camera, a lens and a UV bandpass filter. The UV bandpass filter was used for thermal radiation elimination to acquire high quality images at elevated temperatures for deformation field calculation suitable for digital image correlation (DIC) method. The UV sensitive sCMOS camera without using active illumination was employed to collect enough UV radiation energy and eliminate the interference of the external ambient light, which is applicable for high accuracy temperature field measurement. Our system can realize the synchronous capture of image and temperature acquisition with passive UV imaging system at temperature not lower than 1473K. The feasibility of the method was verified through heating molybdenum (Mo) and Ni-based superalloy IC21 materials. The temperature fields of Mo measured by the established imaging system up to 1835 K with error less than 0.25% showed the effectiveness for temperature measurement. The estimated deformation and temperature field of Ni-based superalloy IC21 up to 1473 K with measured temperature error less than 0.5% demonstrated well the great potential of the UV imaging system in simultaneous measurement of temperature and deformation fields at elevated temperatures.

scholarly journals Validation of ozone profile retrievals derived from the OMPS LP version 2.5 algorithm against correlative satellite measurements

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalya A. Kramarova ◽  
Pawan K. Bhartia ◽  
Glen Jaross ◽  
Leslie Moy ◽  
Philippe Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Chemistry ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Thermal Sensitivity ◽  
Retrieval Algorithm ◽  
Ozone Profile ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Cloud Tops ◽  
Spectral Ranges

Abstract. The Limb Profiler (LP) is a part of the Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite launched on board of the Suomi NPP satellite in October 2011. The LP measures solar radiation scattered from the atmospheric limb in ultraviolet and visible spectral ranges between the surface and 80 km. These measurements of scattered solar radiances allow for the retrieval of ozone profiles from cloud tops up to 55 km. The LP started operational observations in April 2012. In this study we evaluate more than 5.5 years of ozone profile measurements from the OMPS LP processed with the new NASA GSFC version 2.5 retrieval algorithm. We provide a brief description of the key changes that had been implemented in this new algorithm, including a pointing correction, new cloud height detection, explicit aerosol correction, and a reduction of the number of wavelengths used in the retrievals. The OMPS LP ozone retrievals have been compared with independent satellite profile measurements obtained from the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS), Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer (ACE-FTS) and Odin Optical Spectrograph and InfraRed Imaging System (OSIRIS). We document observed biases, seasonal differences and evaluate the stability of the version 2.5 ozone record over 5.5 years. Our analysis indicates that the mean differences between LP and correlative measurements are well within required ±10 % between 18 and 42 km. In the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere (> 43 km) LP tends to have a negative bias. We find larger biases in the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere, but LP ozone retrievals has significantly improved in version 2.5 compared to version 2 due to the implemented aerosol correction. In the northern high latitudes we observe larger biases between 20 and 32 km due to the remaining thermal sensitivity issue. Our analysis shows that LP ozone retrievals agree well with the correlative satellite observations in characterizing vertical, spatial and temporal ozone distribution associated with natural processes, like the seasonal cycle and Quasi Biennial Oscillations. We found a small positive drift ~ 0.5 %/yr in the LP ozone record against MLS and OSIRIS that is more pronounced at altitudes above 35 km. This pattern in the relative drift is consistent with a possible 100-meter drift in the LP sensor pointing detected by one of our altitude resolving methods.

scholarly journals Assessment of Odin-OSIRIS ozone measurements from 2001 to the present using MLS, GOMOS, and ozonesondes

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Adams ◽  
A. E. Bourassa ◽  
V. Sofieva ◽  
L. Froidevaux ◽  
C. A. McLinden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Ozone Data ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Global Mean

Abstract. The Optical Spectrograph and InfraRed Imaging System (OSIRIS) was launched aboard the Odin satellite in 2001 and is continuing to take limb-scattered sunlight measurements of the atmosphere. This work aims to characterize and assess the stability of the OSIRIS 11 yr v5.0x ozone data set. Three validation data sets were used: the v2.2 Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) and v6 Global Ozone Monitoring by Occultation of Stars (GOMOS) satellite data records, and ozonesonde measurements. Global mean percent differences between coincident OSIRIS and validation measurements are within 5% at all altitudes above 18.5 km for MLS, above 21.5 km for GOMOS, and above 17.5 km for ozonesondes. Below 17.5 km, OSIRIS measurements agree with ozonesondes within 5% and are well-correlated (R > 0.75) with them. For low OSIRIS optics temperatures (< 16 °C), OSIRIS ozone measurements have a negative bias of 1–6% compared with the validation data sets for 25.5–40.5 km. Biases between OSIRIS ascending and descending node measurements were investigated and found to be related to aerosol retrievals below 27.5 km. Above 30 km, agreement between OSIRIS and the validation data sets was related to the OSIRIS retrieved albedo, which measures apparent upwelling, with a positive bias in OSIRIS data with large albedos. In order to assess the long-term stability of OSIRIS measurements, global average drifts relative to the validation data sets were calculated and were found to be < 3% per decade for comparisons with MLS for 19.5–36.5 km, GOMOS for 18.5–54.5 km, and ozonesondes for 12.5–22.5 km. Above 36.5 km, the relative drift for OSIRIS versus MLS ranged from ~ 0 to 6% per decade, depending on the data set used to convert MLS data to the OSIRIS altitude versus number density grid. Overall, this work demonstrates that the OSIRIS 11 yr ozone data set from 2001 to the present is suitable for trend studies.

Ultra Precision Machining of the Winston Cone Baffle for Space Observation Camera

2012 ◽  
Vol 516 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Sun Choel Yang ◽  
Geon Hee Kim ◽  
Myung Sang Huh ◽  
Sang Yong Lee ◽  
Sang Hyuk Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Natural Diamond ◽  
Precision Machining ◽  
Maximum Deformation ◽  
Copper Pipe ◽  
High Speed Rotation ◽  
Ultra Precision ◽  
The Stability

The Winston cone baffle was developed for the space observation camera of the MIRIS (Multi-purpose Infrared Imaging System) which is the main payload of STSAT-3 (Science and Technology Satellite). The Winston cone baffle reduces the orbital heat load to the STSAT-3 and is thermally connected to the radiator to cool down. The jig and ultra precision machining jig was designed using a 3D modelling program and analyzed using a computer aided engineering program (ANSYS). The reasons for designing the jig for the baffle were to enhance the stability of the machining and improve the form accuracy of the baffle. The strength, weight and barycentre of the jig are investigated to find the optimized ultra precision machining conditions. To maintain the weight balance of the baffle at high speed rotation, there are lots of holes that can be inserted by heavier bolts. Vibration of the natural diamond bite tool is reduced by using thin copper pipe and urethane silicone. Using this bite tool, we could decrease patterns on the surface of the Winston cone baffle. The results of the simulation using ANSYS show that maximum deformation of the baffle is less than the tolerance limit. Surface roughness of the fabricated Winston cone baffle is machined with the jig and the machining tool is under 5 nm. The Winston cone baffle is plated with gold after being electroless plated with nickel. This baffle is applied to the flight model of the MIRIS.

Finite Element Analysis of Grinding Temperature Field with Water Vapor as Coolants

2012 ◽  
Vol 472-475 ◽  
pp. 456-461
Author(s):  
Jia Long Ren ◽  
Li Gang Zhao ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Chun Yan Zhang ◽  
Xi Rong Tian
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Temperature Field ◽  
Water Vapor ◽  
Finite Element Method Simulation ◽  
Grinding Temperature ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Depth Direction ◽  
Temperature Filed ◽  
Grinding Temperature Field

Combined with the fluid mechanics, heat transfer and cooling experiments of grinding to obtain the conclusions: the water vapor with certain pressure and temperature has large heat transfer coefficient and can significantly reduce the temperature of grinding zone in grinding process. Firstly, simulates the temperature filed with water vapor as coolants in grinding field to obtain its temperature distributing situation using software of ANSYS. Then, research the influences of different grinding parameters to the grinding temperature field and grinding temperature distribution along the depth direction of the specimen. In the end, contrasts the data between simulation and experiment of grinding temperature to prove scientific properties of the finite element method simulation.

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