Effect of Autoclave and Hot Water Treatment on Surface Structure and Apatite-Forming Ability of NaOH- and Heat-Treated Titanium Metals in Simulated Body Fluid

2012 ◽  
Vol 529-530 ◽  
pp. 570-573
Author(s):  
Kawashita Masakazu ◽  
N. Matsui ◽  
Toshiki Miyazaki ◽  
Hiroyasu Kanetaka
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Simulated Body Fluid ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
Hot Water Treatment ◽  
Autoclave Treatment ◽  
Heat Treated

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)-, heat- and autoclave-treated Ti metal did not form apatite in simulated body fluid (SBF) within 7 days although certain amounts of sodium (Na) still remained on the Ti metal surface even after the autoclave treatment. When hot water treatment was applied between NaOH and heat treatment, the Ti metal formed apatite within 7 days in SBF. Anatase-type TiO2 was partially precipitated by the NaOH and heat treatment but it was disappeared by the subsequent autoclave treatment. When the hot water treatment was applied between the NaOH and heat treatment, considerable amount of anatase-type TiO2 was formed and it still remained even after the autoclave treatment. The zeta potential of the Ti metal with the hot water treatment was almost zero in SBF. These results indicate that Ti metal can show apatite-forming ability in SBF even after autoclave treatment, when hot water treatment is applied between the NaOH and heat treatment, and that anatase-type TiO2 might play an important role in the apatite formation rather than the amount of Na and/or the zeta potential.

scholarly journals Effect of the Hot-Water Treatment for the Control of Ratoon Stunting on the Germination of Some Commercial Sugarcane Varieties

1969 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-86
Author(s):  
José Adsuar ◽  
Julio H. López-Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Hot Water Treatment ◽  
Percentage Germination ◽  
Middle Section ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Basal Section ◽  
Better Than

An experiment was conducted using the hot-water treatment at 50° C. for 2 hours for the purpose of determining the tolerance of some commercial sugarcane varieties grown in Puerto Rico to the heat treatment used in the control of the ratoon-stunting disease, as well as the effect on the germination of the different sections of the stem. Three-eyed seed pieces from the top, middle, and bottom sections of the following the canes were used: P.R.980, B.37161, P.O.J.2878, M.336, B.41227, H.328560, B.4362, B.40105, B.37172, and P.R.905. The results were as follows: 1. There were marked differences among the varieties tested in regard to heat tolerance, as reflected by the percentage germination of the heat-treated canes. 2. In general, the middle section tolerated the heat treatment better than the top, whereas the basal section was also more resistant to heat than the top.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Some Sugarcane Varieties to the Heat Treatment Used in the Control of Chlorotic Streak

1969 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-69
Author(s):  
José Adsuar
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Hot Water Treatment ◽  
Agricultural Experiment Station ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Agricultural Experiment

Chlorotic streak, a virus disease of sugarcane, is known to occur in Puerto Rico and to cause a reduction in germination, tillering, and yield of sugarcane per acre. Immersion of the infected cane in hot water at 52° C. for 20 minutes inactivated the virus and increased the yield of cane and sugar. It is also known that the hot-water treatment may adversely affect the germination of the different varieties. Thirteen of the best sugarcane varieties as recommended by this Agricultural Experiment Station were tested for susceptibility to the hot-water treatment. The treatment adversely affected the germination percentage of M. 336, B. 41227, and Co. 281. It stimulated the germination of varieties H. 328560, P.R. 1000, B. 37161, B. 40105, B. 37172, B. 371933, P.R. 907, and P.R. 902. It had no significant effect on the germination of P.R. 905 and P.R. 980.

Effect of Annealing on Microstructure of Hydroxyapatite Coatings and their Behaviours in Simulated Body Fluid

2014 ◽  
Vol 922 ◽  
pp. 657-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharidah Azuar Abdul Azis ◽  
John Kennedy ◽  
Peng Cao
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Simulated Body Fluid ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
Ion Beam Sputtering ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Higher Temperature ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Post Deposition

In this study, hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings on Ti6Al4V substrate were deposited using an ion beam sputtering technique. Owing to its medical applications, the crystalline phases present in the HA must be controlled. This study investigated the effect of post-deposition heat treatment at different temperatures and evaluated the microstructure of the HA coatings and their behaviours in simulated body fluid (SBF). The post-deposition treatment of the as-deposited samples was carried out in an air-circulated furnace at a temperature between 3000C and 6000C. The XRD patterns reveal that the minimum temperature to transform the HA coating from amorphous to crystalline phase is 4000C. A higher temperature at 6000C leads to a growth of the crystalline HA phases. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements show the existence of hydroxyl and PO-bonds in all coatings and the amounts varied with temperature. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) study suggests that the nanostructured crystalline HA starts to grow at 4000C and becomes more obvious at a higher temperature of 6000C. The simulated body fluid (SBF) test reveals that better apatite formation with post deposition heat treatment at 6000C would potentially enhance the formation of new bone (osseointegration).

Heat Treatment Effect on Biological Behavior of Polyetheretherketone Composites

2022 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 119-128
Author(s):  
Alaa A. Mohammed ◽  
Jawad K. Oleiwi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Simulated Body Fluid ◽  
Mtt Assay ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
Crystalline Polymers ◽  
Density Methods

Polyetheretherketone is a semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer, that so with heat treatments, it is possible to get different properties which are very important for the material performance. Heat treatment is a broadly utilized to develop the semi-crystalline polymers properties. In the present investigation, annealing of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) was carried out at temperatures above its glass transition temperature (Tg) to study its effects upon the biological conduct of the control and PEEK ternary composites. The bioactivity of the specimens was evaluated by investigating the apatite formation after immersion for different periods in a simulated body fluid (SBF). The biocompatibility of specimens was assessed by MTT assay. Additionally, the antibacterial property of the specimens versus S. aureus was observed with the optical density methods. The results manifested that the formation of hydroxyapatite was obviously observed on specimens after immersion for (7 and 14 days) in the simulated body fluid (SBF). Otherwise, the results of MTT assay recorded the PEEK specimens that excited the activity of fibroblasts, and therefore a high cytocompatibility was noticed and the specimens revealed antibacterial properties against S. aureus. So, the results of the bioactivity, biocompatibility and antibacterial tests in vitro demonstrated that the heat treatment enhanced biological behavior.

THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE UPON THE PRE-ADULT LARVAE OF THE BULB NEMATODE ANGUILLULINA DIPSACI (KÜHN, 1858) GERV. AND v. BEN., 1859, IN RELATION TO TIME AND MOISTURE

1934 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 793-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Hastings ◽  
W. Newton
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Life History ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Hot Water Treatment ◽  
Major Development ◽  
Moist Environment ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Masses

In a moist environment, a minimum exposure of 120 min. at 110–113°F. is required to destroy pre-adult larvae of the bulb nematode Anguillulina dipsaci (Kühn, 1858) Gerv. and v. Ben., 1859, but progressively shorter exposures are required as the temperature is raised. At 116.5–118.5°F. the lethal exposure is 60 min. and at 118.5–120°F. an exposure of 30 min. is required.In a dry environment exposures of 150 min. to temperatures as high as 140°F. are not lethal to pre-adults and the heat treatment does not affect their ability to induce the characteristic symptoms of infestation in barley seedlings.The pre-adults are more resistant to heat than any other stage in the life history of the nematode.The data suggest that the ineffectiveness of the standard hot water treatment when applied late in the season is due to the fact that the major development of pre-adults takes place after the bulbs are lifted, and also because the masses of dormant pre-adults are often well isolated from the moisture of the bath by the bulb scales and corky basal plates, and are more resistant to heat in a dry, compared with a moist, state. It is recommended that the hot water treatment be employed not later than four weeks after lifting when the lifting is done as soon as the foliage dies down.A pre-soak is suggested as a possible means of increasing the effectiveness of the standard hot water treatment.

scholarly journals Prediction model for phenology of grapevine cultivars with hot water treatment

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 887-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Lerin ◽  
Daniel Santos Grohs ◽  
Marcus André Kurtz Almança ◽  
Marcos Botton ◽  
Paulo Mello-Farias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Hot Water Treatment ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Time Periods

Abstract: The objective of this work was to prepare a prediction model for the phenology of grapevine cultivars (Bordô, Cabernet Sauvignon, Moscato Embrapa, Paulsen 1103, SO4, and IAC 572) using hot water treatment. The heat treatment with hot water consisted of combinations of three temperatures (50, 53, and 55°C) and three time periods (30, 45, and 60 min), with or without previous hydration for 30 min. After the treatments, the cuttings were planted in the field and their phenological development was evaluated during two months. The six studied cultivars presented different responses to the effects of the factors temperature and time, but did not differ significantly regarding hydration. It was possible to develop a mathematical model for the use of hot water treatment in grapevine cuttings, based on phenological development ( y phenology = 48.268 − 0.811 x 1 − 0.058 x 2) and validated by the variables sprouting and root emission. From the developed model, it is recommended that the hot water treatment be applied in the temperature range between 48 and 51°C for cuttings of all cultivars.

Enhanced Osteoinductivity of Porous Titanium Implant by Sodium Removal

2006 ◽  
Vol 309-311 ◽  
pp. 1315-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitsuru Takemoto ◽  
Shunsuke Fujibayashi ◽  
Tomiharu Matsushita ◽  
J. Suzuki ◽  
Tadashi Kokubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Titanium Implant ◽  
Sodium Titanate ◽  
Porous Titanium ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Hot Water Treatment ◽  
Sodium Removal ◽  
Free Treatment ◽  
Positive Effect

The aim of this study was to optimize the surface treatment and to accelerate the osteoinductivity of porous bioactive titanium implant. Previous studies have reported that sodium removal with hot water treatment converts sodium titanate on the surface of an alkali-treated titanium plate into titania with a specific structure, which has better bioactivity than sodium titanate. We developed a dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl) treatment for porous titanium, which removed sodium from the complexly shaped porous structure more effectively than conventional hot water treatment. Three types of surface treatments were applied: (a) alkali and heat treatment, (b) alkali, hot water, and heat treatment (conventional treatment), and (c) alkali, dilute HCl, hot water, and heat treatment (Na-free treatment). The osteoinductivity of the materials implanted in the back muscles of adult beagle dogs was examined at three, six, and twelve months. Na-free porous bioactive titanium exhibited the highest osteoinductivity, and bone formation was observed within three months. This study showed that sodium removal has a significant positive effect on the osteoinductivity of the porous bioactive titanium implant.

scholarly journals Hot Water Treatment and Pre-processing Storage Reduce Browning Development in Fresh-cut Potato Slices

HortScience ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1282-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavlos Tsouvaltzis ◽  
Angelos Deltsidis ◽  
Jeffrey K. Brecht
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hot Water Treatment ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Fresh Cut

Enzymatic browning is a serious quality limitation for fresh-cut potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) that has been successfully controlled by heat treatment in other commodities. The use of brief heat treatments with 55 °C water (HW) applied to ‘Russet Burbank’ tubers for 10, 20, 30, or 40 min before cutting was evaluated for potential implementation to control tissue browning. After heat treatment, tubers were held at 20 °C for 0 or 1 day before peeling and slicing. Control tubers were not previously immersed in hot water. All slices were placed in perforated plastic bags and stored at 5 °C for 6 days. Exposure to HW for 30 or 40 min caused severe heat injury. Browning developed in all treatments as indicated by color measurements and discoloration scores (index of extent of discolored area on the slice surface) during storage. Hot water treatment for 10 min best reduced browning, but only when treated tubers were stored intact for 1 day at 20 °C before cutting, as indicated by discoloration scores and changes in L*, a*, and Ho values, which were significantly different from either the control or the other HW treatments. Generally, the severe browning that developed in control slices during storage was associated with significant increases of 25% and 71% in phenolic content and antioxidant capacity, respectively. On the other hand, phenolic synthesis increased by only 6.25% to 13.2% in HW-treated slices during storage and polyphenoloxidase (PPO) activity was 24% to 31% lower compared with the activity before storage. Immersing potato tubers in 55 °C water for 10 to 20 min followed by storage at 20 °C for 1 day before processing reduced but did not prevent browning of peeled slices in terms of color changes and discoloration score. There was no significant correlation between browning and phenolic content or PPO activity.

Zeta-Potential Variation of Bioactive Titanium Metal during Apatite Formation on Its Surface in Simulated Body Fluid

2001 ◽  
Vol 218-220 ◽  
pp. 641-644
Author(s):  
Kawashita Masakazu ◽  
Teruyuki Himeno ◽  
Hyun Min Kim ◽  
Tadashi Kokubo ◽  
Takashi Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Body Fluid ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
Titanium Metal ◽  
Potential Variation

Effects of Heat Treatment on Apatite Formation of CaO-SiO2-PEEK Composites

2012 ◽  
Vol 529-530 ◽  
pp. 436-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.B. Cho ◽  
E.M. An ◽  
Sujeong Lee ◽  
H.D. Jang ◽  
Ill Yong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Simulated Body Fluid ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Organic Polymer ◽  
Apatite Formation ◽  
Ceramic Filler ◽  
Induction Periods ◽  
Sol Gel Process

Osteoconductive bone-repairing materials with mechanical properties analogous to those of human bone can be prepared through the combination of an osteoconductive ceramic filler with an organic polymer. Osteoconduction is archived from apatite formation on substrates. Previously, we reported that novel osteoconductive spherical particles in a binary CaO-SiO2 system were produced through a sol-gel process as ceramic filler for the fabrication of composites. In this study, we fabricated the composites consisting of polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and 30CaO·70SiO2 (CS) spherical particles and evaluated the effects of heat treatment in the range of 320-360 °C on apatite formation of the composites in a simulated body fluid. The prepared composites of PEEK and CS particles form hydroxyapatite on their surfaces in the simulated body fluid. The induction periods of hydroxyapatite on the composites decreased with increasing the amount of CS particles and decreasing the temperature for heat treatment. The apatite formation was affected by exposure of ceramic filler on the polymer matrix.

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