An Experimental Study on the Friction Stir Processing Process of Aluminium Alloy

2013 ◽  
Vol 554-557 ◽  
pp. 1787-1792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Stanislaw Węglowski
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Artificial Neural Networks ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Measurement Head ◽  
Microstructure Refining ◽  
The Relationship

The effect of rotational and travelling speeds and down force on the torque in Friction Stir Processing (FSP) process are presented. To find a dependence combining the spindle torque acting on the tool with the rotational speed, travelling speed and the down force, the artificial neural networks have been applied. Studies have shown that the increase in the rotational speed causes decrease in the torque while the increase in the travelling speed and down force causes the increase in the torque at the same time. The relationship between parameters of the process and the temperature of the tool, based on measurement head TermSTIR, were presented. Tests were conducted on casting aluminium alloy AlSi9Mg. Application of FSP process resulted in a decrease in the porosity in the modified material and microstructure refining

scholarly journals Experimental Study and Response Surface Methodology for Investigation of FSP Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-552
Author(s):  
Marek Stanisław Weglowski
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Microstructure Refining ◽  
Quadratic Models

Abstract The article presents the effect of rotational and travelling speed and down force on the spindle torque acting on the tool in Friction Stir Processing (FSP) process. The response surface methodology (RSM) was applied to find a dependence combining the spindle torque acting on the tool with the rotational speed, travelling speed and the down force. The linear and quadratic models with interaction between parameters were used. A better fitting was achieved for a quadratic model. The studies have shown that the increase in rotational speed causes a decrease in the torque while the increase in travelling speed and down force causes an increase in the torque. The tests were conducted on casting aluminium alloy AlSi9Mg. Metallography examination has revealed that the application of FSP process results in a decrease in the porosity in the modified material and microstructure refining in the stir zone. The segregation of Si and Fe elements was evident in the parent material, while in the friction stir processed area this distribution was significantly uniform.

Effect of Process Parameters on Defect Formation in Friction Stir Processed 6082-T6 Aluminium Alloy

2012 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Akinlabi Esther Titilayo ◽  
Akinlabi Stephen Akinwale
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Ultimate Tensile Strength ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Defect Formation ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Friction Stir

This paper reports the effects of processing parameters on defects formed during friction stir processing of 6082-T6 Aluminium Alloy. The plates were processed by varying the feed rate between 50 and 250 mm/min, while the rotational speed was varied between 1500 and 3500 rpm to achieve the best result. It was observed that the sheets processed at the highest feed rate considered in this research resulted in wormhole defect. These processed samples with defects were correlated to the tensile results and it was found that the Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS) of these samples was relatively low compared to other samples without defects.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Microhardness and Tribological Properties of Recycled AA 6063 Using Energy-Efficient and Environment-Friendly Friction Stir Processing

2021 ◽  
Vol 943 (1) ◽  
pp. 012019
Author(s):  
G S Teo ◽  
K W Liew ◽  
C K Kok
Keyword(s):  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Surface Engineering ◽  
Surface Microhardness ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Engineering Technique

Abstract In this study, the surface microhardness, friction and wear performance of recycled aluminium alloy 6063 were improved via an energy-efficient surface engineering technique known as friction stir processing. Different tool rotational speeds of 1200 rpm, 1400 rpm, 1600 rpm, 1800 rpm and 2000 rpm with a fixed feed rate of 30 mm/min were used to process the recycled aluminium alloy 6063. The effects of rotational speed on the microstructure, surface microhardness and tribological performance of the samples were analyzed. The results show that the samples produced at a stirring speed of 1200 rpm achieved the greatest enhancement of 25 % in surface microhardness, 37 % in wear resistance and 33 % reduction in friction coefficient. This has significant implications for environmental sustainability as a relatively low rotational speed, hence a low energy input, is sufficient to enhance the surface properties of recycled aluminium alloy 6063. The benefits of superior tribological properties of recycled aluminium alloy afforded by such an energy-efficient surface engineering method include reduced exploitation of new resources, reduced carbon footprint, and enhanced product sustainability and durability.

Experimental Analysis of Residual Stress in Friction Stir Processed Cast AlSi9Mg Aluminium Alloy

2016 ◽  
Vol 682 ◽  
pp. 18-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Stanisław Węglowski ◽  
Piotr Sedek ◽  
Carter Hamilton
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Tool Geometry ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Compressive Stresses ◽  
Longitudinal Residual Stress ◽  
Stress Profiles ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between friction stir processing (FSP) parameters and longitudinal residual stress profiles in modified cast aluminium alloy AlSi9Mg is presented. The influence of tool geometry, rotational speed and the number of processing passes were analysed. To experimentally measure residual stress, the trepanation method was adopted. The results indicated that an increase in the rotational speed caused an increase in the residual stress. Also, the Triflute tool promoted a higher level of residual stress than a conventional FSP tool. The region around the FSP bead was characterised by tensile residual stress fields that were balanced by compressive stresses in the parent material. A higher residual stress is observed on the advancing side than on the retreating side. An increase in the number of processing passes increased the level of residual stress in the modified material.

scholarly journals Process Parameters Optimization for Producing AA6061/TiB2 Composites by Friction Stir Processing

2017 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dakarapu Rao Santha ◽  
Nallu Ramanaiah
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Single Variable ◽  
Influence Of Process Parameters ◽  
Percentage Reinforcement ◽  
Friction Stir

Abstract Friction stir processing (FSP) is solid state novel technique developed to refine microstructure and to improve the mechanical properties and be used to fabricate the aluminium alloy matrix composites. An attempt is made to fabricate AA6061/TiB2 aluminium alloy composite (AMCs) and the influence of process parameters like rotational speed, transverse feed, axial load and percentage reinforcement on microstructure and mechanical properties were studied. The microstructural observations are carried out and revealed that the reinforcement particles (TiB2) were uniformly dispersed in the nugget zone. The Tensile strength and Hardness of composites were evaluated. It was observed that tensile strength, and hardness were increased with increased the rotational speed and percentage reinforcement of particles. The process parameters were optimized using Taguchi analysis (Single Variable) and Grey analysis (Multi Variable). The most influential parameter was rotational speed in single variable method and multi variable optimization method. The ANOVA also done to know the percentage contribution of each parameter.

Ozone Concentration Prediction using Artificial Neural Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 2224-2227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camelia Gavrila
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Artificial Neural Networks ◽  
Ozone Concentration ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Global Solar Radiation ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Marquardt Algorithm ◽  
Sensitivity Tests ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
The Relationship

The aim of this paper is to determine a mathematical model which establishes the relationship between ozone levels together with other meteorological data and air quality. The model is valid for any season and for any area and is based on real-time data measured in Bucharest and its surroundings. This study is based on research using artificial neural networks to model nonlinear relationships between the concentration of immission of ozone and the meteorological factors: relative humidity (RH), global solar radiation (SR), air temperature (TEMP). The ozone concentration depends on following primary pollutants: nitrogen oxides (NO, NO2), carbon monoxide (CO). To achieve this, the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm was implemented in Scilab, a numerical computation software. Performed sensitivity tests proved the robustness of the model and its applicability in predicting the ozone on short-term.

scholarly journals Surface Hardening of Aluminium Alloy with Addition of Zinc Particles by Friction Stir Processing

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 408-414
Author(s):  
Nurul Muhayat ◽  
Alvian Restu Putra Utama ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Friction Stir Processing ◽  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Alloy Plate ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Material Hardness ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Uppermost Layer

AbstractMechanical alloying can be carried out by a method known as friction stir processing, whereby solid Zn particles in a solution are distributed onto an aluminium alloy plate. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a volume of Zn particles on the mechanical and physical properties of aluminium 1xxx alloy that had been subjected to friction stir processing. The specimens were plates composed of 1xxx series aluminium. A groove, measuring 12 mm in diameter, was pierced to various depths, and the Zn particles in these containers were then subjected to friction stir processing using a pin-less tool with a diameter of 15 mm. The results showed that the highest hardness was found in the uppermost layer of the workpiece, and this gradually decreased with thickness. An increase in the amount of Zn particles caused an increase in material hardness. The highest hardness of 87.1 HV in the friction stir-processed AA1100 was obtained at the highest volume of Zn compared to the hardness of 44.5 HV, which was obtained for the specimen without the addition of Zn.

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