Effect of Beta Irradiation on the Strength of Bonded Joints of HDPE

2013 ◽  
Vol 586 ◽  
pp. 79-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Bednarik ◽  
David Manas ◽  
Martin Ovsik ◽  
Miroslav Manas ◽  
Michal Stanek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
New Combination ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Solid Substance ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bonded Joint ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Contact Angle Of Wetting

At the present time bonding has spread into almost all sectors of practice and it would be very difficult to find an industry in which there is no need to use this technology of joining a wide range of materials. In comparison with conventional joining methods (riveting, welding and screwing) provides bonding new combination of options and allows obtaining special shapes and properties which cannot be created by conventional methods of coupling. For the formation of quality bonded joint it is important that the adhesive bonding surface is well wetting. Wettability is characterized by the contact angle of wetting. The liquid must have a lower surface tension than the solid in order to be able to wetting the solid substance. This article describes the effect of beta irradiation on the contact angle of wetting, on the surface energy and on the final strength of bonded joints of HDPE.

The Effect of Different Methods of Modification on the Surface Properties and on the Finale Strength of Bonded Joints of Selected Types Thermoplastics

2017 ◽  
Vol 1142 ◽  
pp. 188-193
Author(s):  
Martin Bednarik ◽  
David Manas ◽  
Miroslav Manas ◽  
Ales Mizera ◽  
Martin Reznicek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Properties ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Beta Radiation ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bonded Joint ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Contact Angle Of Wetting

In this study there was compared the effect of different methods of modification (modification by plasma treatment and ionizing beta radiation) on the surface properties (contact angle of wetting and surface free energy) and on the final strength of bonded joints of selected types thermoplastics (low density polyethylene and polycarbonate). At the present time bonding has spread into almost all sectors of practice and it would be very difficult to find an industry in which there is no need to use this technology of joining a wide range of materials. Generally, for the formation of quality bonded joint it is important to wet the adhesive bonding surface well. Wettability is characterized by the contact angle of wetting. The liquid has to have a lower surface energy than the solid in order to be able to wet the solid substance.

scholarly journals Effect of Ionizing Beta Radiation on the Strength of Bonded Joints of Polycarbonate

2014 ◽  
Vol 1025-1026 ◽  
pp. 251-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Bednarik ◽  
David Manas ◽  
Miroslav Manas ◽  
Michal Stanek ◽  
Jan Navratil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Beta Radiation ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Contact Angle Of Wetting

In this study there was found that ionizing beta radiation increased the strength of bonded joints and improved the adhesion properties of polycarbonate (PC). Generally, for the formation of quality bonded joint it is important to wet the adhesive bonding surface well. Wettability is characterized by the contact angle of wetting. The liquid has to have a lower surface tension than the solid in order to be able to wet the solid substance. The measurement results indicated that ionizing beta radiation was a very effective tool for the improvement of adhesive properties and increased the strength of bonded joints of polycarbonate. Bonded surfaces with ionizing beta radiation doses of 0, 33, 66, and 99 kGy were irradiated. The best results were achieved by irradiation at dose of 66 kGy by which the highest surface energy and the highest strength of bonded joints of PC were achieved. The strength of bonded joints after irradiation was increased up to 50 % compared to untreated material. A similar trend was observed even for contact angle of wetting and surface energy.

Strength of Bonded Joints of Polypropylene after Radiation Cross-Linking

2015 ◽  
Vol 1120-1121 ◽  
pp. 1167-1170
Author(s):  
Martin Bednarik ◽  
David Manas ◽  
Miroslav Manas ◽  
Michal Stanek ◽  
Jan Navratil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Energy ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Beta Radiation ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Bonded Joint ◽  
Contact Angle Of Wetting

In this study there was found that ionizing beta radiation increased the strength of bonded joints and improved the adhesion properties of polypropylene (PP). Generally, for the formation of quality bonded joint it is important to wet the adhesive bonding surface well. Wettability is characterized by the contact angle of wetting. The liquid has to have a lower surface tension than the solid in order to be able to wet the solid substance. The measurement results indicated that ionizing beta radiation was a very effective tool for the improvement of adhesive properties and increased the strength of bonded joints of polypropylene. Bonded surfaces with ionizing beta radiation doses of 0, 33, 66 and 99 kGy were irradiated. The best results were achieved by irradiation at dose of 66 kGy by which the highest surface energy and the highest strength of bonded joints of PP were achieved. The strength of bonded joints after irradiation was increased up to 450 % compared to untreated material. A similar trend was observed even for surface energy.

Strength of Bonded Joints of Linear Low – Density Polyethylene after Radiation Cross – Linking

2014 ◽  
Vol 1025-1026 ◽  
pp. 615-620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Bednarik ◽  
David Manas ◽  
Miroslav Manas ◽  
Michal Stanek ◽  
Jan Navratil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Beta Radiation ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Linear Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Contact Angle Of Wetting

In this study there was found that ionizing beta radiation increased the strength of bonded joints and improved the adhesion properties of linear low – density polyethylene (LLDPE). Generally, for the formation of quality bonded joint it is important to wet the adhesive bonding surface well. Wettability is characterized by the contact angle of wetting. The liquid has to have a lower surface tension than the solid in order to be able to wet the solid substance. The measurement results indicated that ionizing beta radiation was a very effective tool for the improvement of adhesive properties and increased the strength of bonded joints of linear low – density polyethylene. Bonded surfaces with ionizing beta radiation doses of 0, 66, 132 and 198 kGy were irradiated. The best results were achieved by irradiation at dose of 132 kGy by which the highest surface energy and the highest strength of bonded joints of LLDPE were achieved. The strength of bonded joints after irradiation was increased up to 60 % compared to untreated material. A similar trend was observed even for contact angle of wetting and surface energy.

Influence of Ionizing Beta Radiation on the Surface Energy and Strength of Bonded Joints (at an Elevated Temperature) of Thermoplastic Material

2015 ◽  
Vol 752-753 ◽  
pp. 378-381
Author(s):  
Martin Bednarik ◽  
David Manas ◽  
Miroslav Manas ◽  
Michal Stanek ◽  
Jan Navratil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Beta Radiation ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Bonded Joint

In this study there was found that ionizing beta radiation increased the strength of bonded joints and improved the adhesion properties of polycarbonate (PC). Bonded joints at elevated temperature (60 °C) were tested. Generally, for the formation of quality bonded joint it is important to wet the adhesive bonding surface well. Wettability is characterized by the contact angle of wetting. The liquid has to have a lower surface energy than the solid in order to be able to wet the solid substance. The measurement results indicated that ionizing beta radiation was a very effective tool for improvement of adhesive properties and increased the strength of bonded joints of PC at elevated temperature (60 °C). Bonded surfaces with ionizing beta radiation doses of 0, 33, 66, 99, 132, 165 and 198 kGy were irradiated. The best results were achieved by irradiation at doses of 66 kGy by which the highest surface energy and the highest strength of bonded joints of PC were achieved. The strength of bonded joints after irradiation was increased up to 10 % and surface energy up to 30 % compared to untreated material.

scholarly journals Defects and uncertainties of adhesively bonded composite joints

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sadik Omairey ◽  
Nithin Jayasree ◽  
Mihalis Kazilas
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Adhesively Bonded ◽  
Adhesively Bonded Joints ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bonded Composite

AbstractThe increasing use of fibre reinforced polymer composite materials in a wide range of applications increases the use of similar and dissimilar joints. Traditional joining methods such as welding, mechanical fastening and riveting are challenging in composites due to their material properties, heterogeneous nature, and layup configuration. Adhesive bonding allows flexibility in materials selection and offers improved production efficiency from product design and manufacture to final assembly, enabling cost reduction. However, the performance of adhesively bonded composite structures cannot be fully verified by inspection and testing due to the unforeseen nature of defects and manufacturing uncertainties presented in this joining method. These uncertainties can manifest as kissing bonds, porosity and voids in the adhesive. As a result, the use of adhesively bonded joints is often constrained by conservative certification requirements, limiting the potential of composite materials in weight reduction, cost-saving, and performance. There is a need to identify these uncertainties and understand their effect when designing these adhesively bonded joints. This article aims to report and categorise these uncertainties, offering the reader a reliable and inclusive source to conduct further research, such as the development of probabilistic reliability-based design optimisation, sensitivity analysis, defect detection methods and process development.

scholarly journals Surface toughening – An industrial approach to increase the robustness of pure adhesive joints with film adhesives

2020 ◽  
Vol 234 (13) ◽  
pp. 1980-1987
Author(s):  
MJ Schollerer ◽  
J Kosmann ◽  
D Holzhüter ◽  
C Bello-Larroche ◽  
C Hühne
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Bolted Joints ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Load Path ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Manufacturing Defects ◽  
Wide Range

Bonding is known for its wide range of advantages over bolted joints when joining different materials together. However, the advantages e.g. of homogeneous load distribution can quickly be lost in case of overload. For this reason, the load occurring in the adhesive is reduced by constructive measures far below the yield stress of the adhesive, which leads to a conservative joint design. And to be on the safe side, a few “chicken rivets” are then placed again. This problem is particularly well known in aviation. Highly loaded components are structurally bonded by a combination of rivets and adhesive in order to underline the advantages of structural adhesive bonding with the safety of the well-known bolted joints. Known as fail-safe design, this concept is damage tolerant and more robust against manufacturing defects through a secured double load path.  Especially when joining fiber-reinforced composites, bolts weaken the adherends of the joint and only contribute to load transfer when the brittle adhesive fails. With the help of Surface Toughening, a boltless technique for reducing stress concentrations and arresting cracks in adhesive bonded joints is available. This work describes the industrial application of this technique. Starting with coupon tests and a small scale demonstrator to ensure the compatibility with industrial manufacturing processes, such as infusion and prepreg manufacturing, a large scale demonstrator of a 2 m carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) - HTP leading edge with hybrid laminar flow control is manufactured by the industrial partner AERnnova. Verifying a simple and cost-effective application of the technology, Surface Toughening enables robust bonded joints with a minimum impact on today's process of adhesive bonding.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF AGEING ON RIVET‐BONDED JOINT PROPERTIES

Aviation ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Petr Kachlík ◽  
Josef Klement
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Cycling ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Hydraulic Fluid ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Polyurethane Adhesive ◽  
Hybrid Joining ◽  
Joining Technology ◽  
Joint Properties ◽  
Bonded Joint ◽  
Aircraft Engineering

Riveting and adhesive bonding are common joining technology in aircraft engineering. A hybrid joining such as rivet‐bonding brings together the benefits of both basic techniques whilst minimising some of their shortcomings. These technologies have been present mastered sufficiently, and their characteristics are well known. Due to different influences in aircraft service (weather, location of aircraft operation, air composition, contact with fuel or hydraulic fluid), a degradation of the characteristics of joints is well noticed. This research was focused on the ageing of rivet‐bonded joints with a polyurethane adhesive and blind rivets and the influence of ageing on the properties of joints. Ageing according EN 2243–5 was carried out in hot/wet conditions, salt mist, hydraulic fluid, and fuel. Thermal cycling was used as a resource of ageing.

scholarly journals Influence of surface integrity on bonding process

2011 ◽  
Vol 57 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Müller
Keyword(s):  
Surface Integrity ◽  
Adhesive Bonding ◽  
Bonding Process ◽  
Bonded Joints ◽  
Shot Blasting ◽  
Liquid Motion ◽  
Mechanical Preparation ◽  
Bonded Joint ◽  
Bonding Technology ◽  
Joint Quality

Adhesive bonding technology is successfully applied partly in the primary production, partly in the renovation in various fields of human activities. This fact emphasizes the importance of the partial factors research, which influence is essential for the quality, reliability and necessarily the usable life of bonded joints. The mechanical preparation of bonded surface is a varied process which influences directly the resultant bonded joint quality. The aim of the bonded surface mechanical preparation is the adhesion improvement in the adhesive – adherend interface. For mechanical preparation we use tools of defined cutting edge, by means of which we get the uniform surface texture, e.g. by milling. On the contrary such methods are more often used when the uniform surface cannot be reached. Shot blasting and grinding are significant representatives of these methods. The manual grinding can be significantly applied mainly in the agriculture. The absence of connected areas availability for the mechanical tooling and impossibility of their work clamping are the reasons for that. The breakwater in the sprinkler cistern restricting the liquid motion is the example.

First Detection of Tobacco Mosaic Virus in Tobacco Fields in Northern Lebanon

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rami Obeid ◽  
Elias Wehbe ◽  
Mohamad Rima ◽  
Mohammad Kabara ◽  
Romeo Al Bersaoui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tobacco Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Virus Genome ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Virus Family ◽  
Crop Fields ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Das Elisa

Background: Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is the most known virus in the plant mosaic virus family and is able to infect a wide range of crops, in particularly tobacco, causing a production loss. Objectives: Herein, and for the first time in Lebanon, we investigated the presence of TMV infection in crops by analyzing 88 samples of tobacco, tomato, cucumber and pepper collected from different regions in North Lebanon. Methods: Double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA), revealed a potential TMV infection of four tobacco samples out of 88 crops samples collected. However, no tomato, cucumber and pepper samples were infected. The TMV+ tobacco samples were then extensively analyzed by RT-PCR to detect viral RNA using different primers covering all the viral genome. Results and Discussion: PCR results confirmed those of DAS-ELISA showing TMV infection of four tobacco samples collected from three crop fields of North Lebanon. In only one of four TMV+ samples, we were able to amplify almost all the regions of viral genome, suggesting possible mutations in the virus genome or an infection with a new, not yet identified, TMV strain. Conclusion: Our study is the first in Lebanon revealing TMV infection in crop fields, and highlighting the danger that may affect the future of agriculture.

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