Experimental Study of Granular Rubber Waste Tire Reinforced Soil for Geotechnical Applications

2014 ◽  
Vol 600 ◽  
pp. 585-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary G.D. Ramirez ◽  
Michéle D.T. Casagrande
Keyword(s):  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Triaxial Tests ◽  
Confining Stress ◽  
Rubber Mixture ◽  
Angle Of Internal Friction ◽  
Waste Tire ◽  
Rubber Waste ◽  
Geotechnical Characteristics

Large quantities of waste tires are released to the environment in an undesirable way. The amount of this scrap is increasing every year. The potential use of this waste material in geotechnical applications can contribute to reducing the tire disposal problem and to improve strength and deformation characteristics of soils. This paper presents a laboratory study on the effect of granular rubber waste tire on the physical properties of a clayey soil. Clayey soil was mixed with 10% of granular rubber by dry weight. Grain size, Atterberg limits analyses and compaction tests using standard effort were performed on the clayey soil. Consolidated-drained triaxial tests at confining stresses of 50, 100, 200 and 400 kPa were run on soil and mixture. The results conveyed that the geotechnical characteristics are influenced by the addition of grained tire, improving the cohesion and the angle of internal friction the clayey soil-granular rubber mixture. This improvement depends on the level of confining stress. The compaction test results indicated that the dry unit weights and the optimum moisture for the mixture decreased in relation to clayey soil. Therefore, this mixture can be used as lightweight fill material due to its low specific weight, solving low bearing capacity and high settlement problems of embankments on soft compressible soils.

scholarly journals Behavior of granular rubber waste tire reinforced soil for application in geosynthetic reinforced soil wall

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. D. RAMIREZ ◽  
M. D. T. CASAGRANDE ◽  
D. FOLLE ◽  
A. PEREIRA ◽  
V. A. PAULON
Keyword(s):  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Triaxial Tests ◽  
Rubber Mixture ◽  
Waste Tire ◽  
Backfill Material ◽  
Geosynthetic Reinforced Soil ◽  
Rubber Waste ◽  
Reinforced Soil Wall

AbstractLarge quantities of waste tires are released to the environment in an undesirable way. The potential use of this waste material in geotechnical applications can contribute to reducing the tire disposal problem and to improve strength and deformation characteristics of soils. This paper presents a laboratory study on the effect of granular rubber waste tire on the physical properties of a clayey soil. Compaction tests using standard effort and consolidated-drained triaxial tests were run on soil and mixtures. The results conveyed an improvement in the cohesion and the angle of internal friction the clayey soil-granular rubber mixture, depending on the level of confining stress. These mixtures can be used like backfill material in soil retaining walls replacing the clayey soil due to its better strength and shear behavior and low unit weight. A numerical simulation was conducted for geosynthetic reinforced soil wall using the clayey soil and mixture like backfill material to analyzing the influence in this structure.

scholarly journals Strength Characteristics of Clay-Rubber Waste Mixtures in UU Triaxial Tests

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jastrzębska
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Relationship ◽  
Failure Strain ◽  
Strength Characteristics ◽  
Triaxial Tests ◽  
Shear Stresses ◽  
Confining Stress ◽  
Red Clay ◽  
Angle Of Internal Friction ◽  
Angle Of Friction ◽  
Rubber Waste

This paper presents results of undrained and unconsolidated (UU) triaxial tests related to the influence of tire waste addition on strength characteristics of red clay from Patoka in Southern Poland. Angle of internal friction and cohesion values were estimated for 30 specimens prepared from pure red clay (RC), its mixtures with two different fractions of shredded rubber in 5%, 10%, and 25% mass proportions as well as for pure powder (P) and granulate (G). It has been observed that the addition of granulate contributes more to the increase in the angle of friction than the addition of powder (uu = +1% (G-5) / +16% (G-10) / +31% (G-25), uu = +1% (P-5) / +10% (P-10) / +19% (P-25)). On the other hand, rubber additions reduce cohesion in mixtures, and the effect is enhanced with increases in their grain size and percentage composition (cuu = −31% (G-5) / −63% (G-10) / −87% (G-25), cuu = −67% (P-5) / −58% (P-10) / −58% (P-25)). It has been noticed that a change of parameters uu and cuu causes a decline of shear stresses at increasing granulate content. There is an inverse relationship for powder. At the same time, it has been shown that the failure strain, hence a change in red clay-rubber (RCR) mixtures plasticity, is related to the level of confining stress 3 and the type of rubber waste. Results of tests and their comparison with results of other researchers show that each time it is necessary to experimentally verify a given soil with specific rubber waste.

Mechanical Behavior of Reinforced Clayey Soil with Fine Crushed Polyethylene Terephthalate

2015 ◽  
Vol 668 ◽  
pp. 404-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Milena Reyes Martínez ◽  
Nathalia dos Santos Lopes Louzada ◽  
Lucas Mendes Repsold ◽  
Michéle D.T. Casagrande
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Polyethylene Terephthalate ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Triaxial Tests ◽  
Strength Parameters ◽  
Pet Waste ◽  
Strength And Deformation

Currently a lot of bottles of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) are discarded into the environment. In order to reduce the disposal of this polymer in nature, this study aims to evaluate the mechanical behavior of a clayey soil mixed with fine crushed PET. The potential use of this waste material in geotechnical applications may ultimately reduce the problem of improper disposal and improve the strength and deformation characteristics of the soil. This paper presents an experimental study to evaluate the mechanical behavior of pure soil and mixtures with different contents of PET waste by triaxial tests, in order to obtain the strength parameters of the Soil-PET mixtures. The clayey soil used was mixed with 10 and 20 percent of fine crushed PET by dry weight. Characterization tests such as grain size, Atterberg limits and compaction test were performed on the soil-PET mixtures. Triaxial tests at confining stresses of 50, 150 and 300 kPa were done on the soil and mixtures. The results show that the soil strength parameters are influenced by the addition of the fine crushed PET, thus improving characteristics such as friction angle and cohesion of the Soil-PET mixtures. This improvement also depends on the confining level which the samples were submitted. These mixtures may be used in pavement and other geotechnical works, so this paper proposes to contribute to a better understanding and interpretation of the behavior of reinforced soil with waste PET.

scholarly journals Behavior of Fiber-Reinforced and Lime-Stabilized Clayey Soil in Triaxial Tests

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixian Wang ◽  
Panpan Guo ◽  
Xian Li ◽  
Hang Lin ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Coupling Effect ◽  
Fiber Reinforcement ◽  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Triaxial Tests ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Microscopic Mechanism ◽  
Lime Stabilization ◽  
Stabilized Soil

The beneficial role of combining fiber reinforcement with lime stabilization in altering soil behavior has been established in the literature. However, the coupling effect of their combination still remains unclear in terms of its magnitude and microscopic mechanism, especially for natural fibers with special microstructures. The objective of this study was to investigate the coupling effect of wheat straw fiber reinforcement and lime stabilization on the mechanical behavior of Hefei clayey soil. To achieve this, an experimental program including unconsolidated–undrained (UU) triaxial tests and SEM analysis was implemented. Static compaction test samples were prepared on untreated soil, fiber-reinforced soil, lime-stabilized soil, and lime-stabilized/fiber-reinforced soil at optimum moisture content with determining of the maximum dry density of the untreated soil. The lime was added in three different contents of 2%, 4%, and 6%, and 13 mm long wheat straw fiber slices with a cross section one-quarter that of the intact ones were mixed in at 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.6% by dry weight of soil. Analysis of the derived results indicated that the addition of a small amount of wheat straw fibers into lime-stabilized soil improved the intensity of the strain-softening behavior associated with mere lime stabilization. The observed evidence that the shear strength increase brought by a combination of 0.4% fiber reinforcement and 4% lime stabilization was smaller than the summation of the shear strength increases brought by their presence alone in a sample demonstrated a coupling effect between fiber reinforcement and lime stabilization. This coupling effect was also detected in the comparisons of the secant modulus and failure pattern between the combined treatment and the individual treatments. These manifestations of the coupling effect were explained by a microscopic mechanism wherein the fiber reinforcing effect was made more effective by the ways in which lime chemically stabilized the soil and lime stabilization development was quickened by the water channels passing through the surfaces and honeycomb pores of the wheat straw fibers.

scholarly journals Geotechnical Properties of Fresh and Degraded MSW in the Foothill of Shivalik Range Una, Himachal Pradesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-374 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Himachal Pradesh ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Overburden Pressure ◽  
Dump Site ◽  
Angle Of Internal Friction ◽  
Geotechnical Characteristics ◽  
Geotechnical Tests

The aim of the present study is to determine the physical and geotechnical characteristics of municipal solid waste (MSW) from an open dump site located in Una town, Himachal Pradesh (India) for the analysis of settlement and structural stability of landfill. Degraded waste was tested for different time intervals ranging from 6 months to 6 years. The physical characterization and the geotechnical tests were performed to determine the composition and the engineering properties of MSW respectively. The presence of moisture content in the fresh waste was 49.5±1.05% but for the degraded (or old) waste it varied between 39.8 to 51.6%. The specific gravity of fresh and old waste varied between 1.83±0.05 and 1.85 for 6 months old waste and 2.28 for 5-6 years old degraded waste respectively. The maximum dry density (MDD) was observed to be 4.28 kN/m2 for fresh waste at the optimum moisture content (OMC) of 78.1% and 4.47 kN/m3 for 6 months old waste and 6.25 kN/m3 for the degraded waste of 5-6 years at 80.2, 85.4% of OMC respectively. The hydraulic conductivity (k) of MSW was found to be decreasing with the degradation of MSW and the overburden pressure whereas the shear strength increased along with the degradation of the waste. The cohesion (c) and angle of internal friction (φ) increased respectively from 31.2 kPa(fresh) to 38 kPa(degraded) and 14° to 22° with the increase in waste degradation. The compression ratio of fresh waste was within the ranges of 0.19-0.29 and for degraded MSW it varied between 0.12 for 6 months old waste and 0.17 for 5-6 years old degraded waste respectively.

scholarly journals Pavement Subgrade Stabilization with Lime and Cellular Confinement System

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-93
Author(s):  
Muhammet Vefa Akpinar ◽  
Erhan Burak Pancar ◽  
Eren Şengül ◽  
Hakan Aslan
Keyword(s):  
Bearing Capacity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Load Test ◽  
Lime Stabilization ◽  
Plate Load Test ◽  
Reaction Coefficient ◽  
Geocell Reinforcement

In this study effectiveness of lime stabilization and geocell reinforcement techniques of roads was investigated for low bearing capacity subgrades. For this purpose, a large-scale plate load test was designed and used. Clayey soil with high moisture content was reinforced with different percentages of hydrated lime (5%, 10%, 15% dry weight of the soil). The deflection and stress results indicated that lime stabilization or geocell reinforcement alone did not significantly increase subgrade reaction coefficient and bearing capacity values. Promising results were obtained on stabilization of weak subgrade when both techniques were used together. It was determined that cellular reinforcement increased the reaction modulus coefficient value and bearing capacity of the subgrade soil by more than 15% compared to the lime stabilization.

The strength and dilatancy of sand

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 522-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. P. Vaid ◽  
S. Sasitharan
Keyword(s):  
Relative Density ◽  
Triaxial Test ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Stress Path ◽  
Triaxial Tests ◽  
Confining Stress ◽  
Peak Friction Angle ◽  
Loading Direction ◽  
Dilation Rate ◽  
Unique Relationship

The effects of stress path and loading direction in the triaxial test on strength and dilatancy of sand are investigated. It is shown that the unique relationship observed between peak friction angle and dilation rate at peak in conventional triaxial tests is followed regardless of stress path, confining stress at failure, relative density, and the mode of loading (compression or extension). Key words : sand, peak friction angle, dilatancy, stress path, triaxial test.

Cyclic soil-root mechanical interaction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Leung ◽  
Ali Akbar Karimzadeh ◽  
Zhaoyi Wu
Keyword(s):  
Triaxial Compression ◽  
Reinforced Soil ◽  
Plant Roots ◽  
Triaxial Tests ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Mechanical Interaction ◽  
Liquefaction Resistance ◽  
Cyclic Stress Ratio ◽  
Geotechnical Centrifuge ◽  
Wide Diameter

<p>Plant roots have been considered to be effective to reinforce shallow soil slopes under rainfall conditions. Recent evidence from geotechnical centrifuge modelling shows that plant roots could improve earthquake-induced slope stability and reduce slope crest settlement. However, the underlying fundamental mechanisms of soil-root mechanical interaction against seismic loading are unclear. Although there has been a large volume of studies focusing on root reinforcement, cyclic soil-root mechanical interaction has rarely been investigated. Moreover, whether plant roots could reduce the liquefaction potential of rooted soil. This presentation will present some new test data and evidence about (1) cyclic root biomechanical behaviour and (2) cyclic responses of root-reinforced soil. In part (1), results of cyclic uniaxial tensile tests on roots of a wide diameter range will be presented, including any root hardening or softening and change in the size of hysteresis loops under displacement-controlled loading condition. Special attention will be paid on any observation of cyclic-induced root mechanical fatigue. In part (2), results of a comprehensive set of monotonic and cyclic triaxial tests on rooted soil will be presented. The cyclic behaviour observed will be interpreted through the monotonic behaviour observed along both the triaxial compression and extension paths. Any change in soil failure mechanism from limited flow failure to cyclic mobility due to plant roots, and how/when this change occurs at different root volume and cyclic stress ratio, will be discussed in detailed. A new attempt to interpret the liquefaction resistance through an energy-based approach will be made to evaluate the energy dissipation mechanism in rooted soils.</p>

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