Inappropriate Toothbrushes Selection Alter Composite Dental Material Restoration Surface Roughness: A Preliminary Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 696 ◽  
pp. 108-112
Author(s):  
Elylla Oktaviana ◽  
Retno Ardhani ◽  
Heribertus Dedy Kusuma Yulianto
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Dental Material ◽  
Secondary Caries ◽  
Group A ◽  
Preliminary Study

Introduction. Regular dental plaque control by means of chemically and mechanically methods are among efforts to improve oral health and hygiene. Mechanical cleansing using toothbrush is still the gold standard for continually removing of dental plaque. But on the other hand, inappropriate selection of toothbrushes type selection promotes alteration on dental material restoration surface. Toothbrushes with different degree of stiffness are readily available on market and are classified as hard, medium, and soft. Mechanical friction due to regular movement of the toothbrush with various degree of stiffness was predicted as factor that related with surface roughness alteration on dental material restoration. Nowadays, resin composite material is still declared as the material of choice to repair dental hard tissue damage due to caries activity. However, it has been found that the irregularity of surface promotes bacterial adhesion and biofilm deposition, whereas the smooth surface does not favor bacterial deposition. The progress of bacterial deposition promotes secondary caries on the margin between material restoration and teeth. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of brushing treatment by means of three different toothbrushes on the surface of resin-based compositesExperimental. Specimens were prepared from experimental RBCs with 5 mm diameter and 2 mm thick. Specimens were divided equally into 3 different groups (group A, B, and C). Each group has 5 numbers of specimens. Group A was treated with hard toothbrush, and group B as well as C were treated with medium and soft toothbrush respectively. The toothbrush was mounted in the customized mechanically brushing machine to control the force and number of cycle during specified time. Brushing cycle and time for all groups was conducted for 1000 times of brushing in 60 minutes. Surface roughness resulted from mechanically brushing is evaluated by means of profilometer device.Results and Discussion. The results of the preliminary study shows that there is a differences of surface roughness between groups. The value of roughness varied among all group, and the highest number of roughness were found in group A (> 0.2 micrometres).Conclusions. This result implies brushing with hard toothbrush preferentially has greater risk of surface damage and become pronounce factor of secondary caries.

Comparative evaluation of surface roughness and texture of polished nanofill and nanohybrid composites using profilometer and scanning electron microscope: in - vitro study

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-10
Author(s):  
Krishna Prasada L ◽  
Jyothsna S Jathanna ◽  
Naveen Kumar ◽  
Ramya M.K ◽  
Elizabeth Issac
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Group B ◽  
Scanning Electron

BACKGROUND: To determine the effectiveness of three polishing systems on three different composite materials by evaluating surface roughness using a Profilometer and Scanning electron microscope. METHODOLOGY: A total of Sixty-three resin composite disks were prepared in rectangular acrylic mould of 8×2mm dimension, with 4mm thickness. Specimens were made of light activated resin composite Filtek Z-250-XT, Tetric-N-Ceram bulkfill, Ceram X Duo. The sixty-three samples were divided into three groups of twenty-one samples each i.e. Group A (Filtek Z-250-XT), Group B (TetricN-Ceram bulkfill) and Group C (Ceram-X-Duo).Out of 21 samples of each of the material, 7 specimens were polished with multi enhance polishing agents, 7 specimens were polished with super snap polishing agents and 7 specimens were polished with sof-lexdiscs.Surface roughness of each sample after polishingwasevaluatedusingProfilometer and Scanning electron microscope. RESULTS: One-way anova and kruskalwallis test was used for statistical analysis. Ceram-X-Duo gave least roughness average value with Super snap polishing system when compared to multi enhance and sof-lex polishing system. CONCLUSION: Super snap polishing system is a better polishing system than multi enhance and soflex and Ceram-X-Duo composite material offers better polishability compared to Filtek Z-250-XT and Tetric-N-Ceram bulk fill.

Comparative evaluation of surface roughness of novel resin composite Cention N with Filtek Z350 XT: In vitro study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyothi Nagesh ◽  
Amith Setty ◽  
JayashankaraChatra Marigowda ◽  
Anilkumar Shivanna ◽  
SharathKumar Paluvary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study

scholarly journals Deformation of the Internal Connection of Narrow Implants after Insertion in Dense Bone: An in Vitro Study

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1833 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Delgado-Ruiz ◽  
Ana Nicolas Silvente ◽  
Georgios Romanos
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Insertion Torque ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Connection Length

Implant connections must resist surgical and prosthetic procedures without deformation. This study evaluated the deformation of different internal connections (IC) of narrow dental implants (NDI) after their insertion in artificial dense bone. Thirty NDI, with different IC geometries, Group A (internal hexagon), Group B (tri-channeled), and Group C (four-channeled), with the same length and similar narrow diameters, were inserted in type II density bone blocks. Drilling protocols for dense bone from each implant manufacturer were followed. The Insertion torque (IT), connection length, vertex angles, and wall deformations were analyzed before and after the insertion of the implants. ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) and Tukey post-test were used for statistical comparisons. IT values were higher for Group A, surface damage, and titanium particles were observed in the IC in all the groups. Angle deformations between 5 and 70 degrees were present in all the groups, and the walls of Group B connection were the most affected by deformations (p < 0.05). Within the limitations of this experiment, it can be concluded that narrow diameter implants will suffer deformation of the implant connection and will also experience surface damage and titanium particle release when inserted in type II bone density.

Influence of Material and Surface Roughness of Resin Composite Cements on Fibroblast Behavior

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 528-536
Author(s):  
N Rohr ◽  
N Bertschinger ◽  
J Fischer ◽  
A Filippi ◽  
NU Zitzmann
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Cell Morphology ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Gingival Fibroblasts ◽  
Viability Assay ◽  
Flat Cell ◽  
Composite Cements ◽  
Resin Composite Cement

Clinical Relevance A well-polished cement surface increases the viability and spreading of gingival fibroblasts. The tested resin composite cements did not reveal any cytotoxic effects. SUMMARY Objective: This in vitro study aimed to investigate the effect of cement type and roughness on the viability and cell morphology of human gingival fibroblasts (HGF-1). Methods and Materials: Discs of three adhesive (Panavia V5 [PV5], Multilink Automix [MLA], RelyX Ultimate [RUL] and three self-adhesive (Panavia SA plus [PSA], SpeedCem plus [SCP], RelyX Unicem [RUN]) resin composite cements were prepared with three different roughnesses using silica paper grit P180, P400, or P2500. The cement specimens were characterized by surface roughness and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopic mapping. A viability assay was performed after 24 hours of incubation of HGF-1 cells on cement specimens. Cell morphology was examined with scanning electron microscopy. Results: The roughness of the specimens did not differ significantly among the different resin composite cements. Mean Ra values for the three surface treatments were 1.62 ± 0.34 μm for P180, 0.79 ± 0.20 μm for P400, and 0.17 ± 0.08 μm for P2500. HGF-1 viability was significantly influenced by the cement material and the specimens’ roughness, with the highest viability for PSA ≥ RUN = MLA ≥ SCP = PV5 &gt; RUL (p&lt;0.05) and for P2500 = P400 &gt; P180 (p&lt;0.001). Cell morphology did not vary among the materials but was affected by the surface roughness. Conclusion: The composition of resin composite cements significantly affects the cell viability of HGF-1. Smooth resin composite cement surfaces with an Ra of 0.2–0.8 μm accelerate flat cell spreading and formation of filopodia.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Effects of Er, Cr: YSGG Laser and Super-Saturated Citric Acid on the Debridement of Contaminated Implant Surfaces

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 254-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gholam Ali Gholami ◽  
Milad Karamlou ◽  
Reza Fekrazad ◽  
Farzin Ghanavati ◽  
Neda Hakimiha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Comparative Investigation ◽  
Water Spray ◽  
Ysgg Laser ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Introduction: Several techniques such as using citric acid, plastic curettes, ultrasonic devices, and lasers have been suggested for debridement of contaminated implant surfaces. This comparative investigation aimed to assess and compare the effects of Er, Cr: YSGG laser and super-saturated citric acid on the debridement of contaminated dental implant surfaces. Methods: In this in-vitro study, 12 contaminated failed implants were collected and randomly divided into 2 groups (6 in group A, and 6 in group B). Also, one implant was considered as the control. The implants were horizontally sectioned into coronal and apical portions and subsequently irradiated by Er, Cr: YSGG laser in coronal and citric acid in apical in group A and the opposite in group B. In order to evaluate the effect of water spray on the laser section, half the laser portion of the implants was irradiated using water, while the other half was irradiated without water with an irradiation time of 1 minute. Results: Results revealed that calculus and plaque removal was greater in the laser part of both groups (with and without water) compared to citric acid parts and the correlation between calculus removal and surface roughness were statistically significant. Furthermore, the surface roughness in the citric acid parts was significantly higher than in laser parts. Water spray during irradiation had a very small influence on understudy factors. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the Er, Cr: YSGG laser was more effective in calculus removal and caused less surface roughness compared with citric acid application.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Caries-Free Restorations Bonded with Various Adhesive Systems: In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Morakot Piemjai ◽  
Pareewan Chantarawej ◽  
Nobuo Nakabayashi
Keyword(s):  
Resin Composite ◽  
Artificial Saliva ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Adhesive Systems ◽  
Hybrid Layer ◽  
Class V ◽  
Secondary Caries ◽  
Dye Penetration

Purpose. Secondary caries originate from a leakage pathway where oral acids can penetrate faster and demineralize the tooth substrate deeper which can be visualized by dye penetration. The ability to prevent secondary caries by contemporary adhesive systems was evaluated in this study. Dye penetration distance through leakage and into the tooth substrate adjacent to Class V restorations after artificial caries exposure was compared. Materials and Methods. Previously frozen extracted human molars were used to prepare the Class V cavities at the CEJ on axial surfaces. All cavities were restored with either the resin-composite or amalgam with or without resin adhesives: dry bonding: Super-Bond D-Liner II Plus; moist bonding: All-Bond 2; and self-etch bonding: AQ Bond and Clearfil Protect Bond. Two subgroups of Super-Bond D-Liner II Plus were immersed for 14 days at 37°C either in artificial saliva (negative control) or the artificial caries solution. The other groups were soaked in the artificial caries solution. The distance of dye penetration into the adjacent enamel, cementum/dentin, and tooth-resin interfaces was measured after immersion in 0.5% basic fuchsin dye for 24 h. The tooth-resin interfacial layer was investigated using SEM. Results. No dye penetration into the tooth-resin interface was found in Super-Bond D-Liner II Plus and AQ Bond groups which demonstrated a constant hybrid layer after a chemical challenge. The leakage distance at the cementum/dentin-resin interface of All-Bond 2, Clearfil Protect Bond, and non-adhesive amalgam (positive control) groups was significantly higher than the distance of dye penetration into the adjacent demineralized root surface (p<0.05). Conclusion. Caries associated with either amalgam or resin-composite restorations can be prevented using resin adhesives which can penetrate into the intact tooth substrate to form a stable hybrid layer. With caries-free restorations, tooth vitality may be conserved lifelong.

scholarly journals Influence of scaler tip design on root surface roughness, tooth substance loss and patients’ pain perception: an in vitro and a randomised clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Ayman Abdul Hayei ◽  
Noor Azlin Yahya ◽  
Syarida Hasnur Safii ◽  
Roslan Saub ◽  
Rathna Devi Vaithilingam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
Substance Loss ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background The influence of scaler tip design on root surface roughness, tooth substance loss and patients’ pain perception is investigated. Methods This article was divided into the following parts: Part 1 Surface roughness and substance loss: an in vitro study, which involves intact extracted teeth sectioned and treated using a piezoelectric ultrasonic device (PM200 EMS Piezon, Switzerland) with a conventional scaler tip (FS-407) and a Perio Slim (PS) scaler tip (Perio Slim DS-016A). All sectioned samples for tooth surface roughness (n = 20) and tooth substance loss (n = 46) analyses were measured and compared using a 3D surface texture analyser and scanning electron microscope (SEM) respectively, at baseline and following scaling. Part 2 Pain Perception: a clinical study, which was a split mouth study design including 30 participants with gingivitis and/or mild chronic periodontitis; treated with supra-gingival scaling from teeth #13 to #23. Subjects were randomised to group A or group B. Group A was treated first with PS scaler tips, whereas group B was treated first with conventional scaler tips. Pain perception was recorded using the visual analogue scale (VAS). Results In vitro study: both scaler tips caused significant reduction in root substance roughness after scaling (p < 0.05), but no significant difference between the two scaler tips (p > 0.05) was observed. The PS scaler tip caused statistically significantly less root substance loss (p < 0.05) when the initial thickness of the tooth was < 1000 µm. Clinical study: the participants reported significantly lesser pain score during scaling using the PS scaler tip (median: 3) than when using the conventional scaler tip (median: 5) (p < 0.05). Conclusions In the in vitro study, using a slim scaler tip design causes less tooth substance loss compared to a wider scaler tip design. In the clinical study, less pain was observed compared than a wide (conventional) scaler tip design.

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Different Remineralizing Agents on Artificial Early Enamel Lesions of Primary Teeth: An In Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-188
Author(s):  
Hüsniye Gümüş ◽  
Mustafa Aydınbelge ◽  
Hayriye Sönmez
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Primary Teeth ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Average Surface Roughness ◽  
Average Surface ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A

Aim: To analyze the remineralization efficacy of casein phosphopeptide–amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP–ACP) and 8% arginine on artificial early enamel lesions on primary teeth enamel samples. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, artificial enamel lesions were created in 120 primary teeth. Teeth were randomly divided into 5 groups: group C: CPP–ACP paste; group CF: CPP–ACPF paste with 900 ppm flour; group A: paste with 8% arginine; group K+: 500 ppm NaF as a positive control; and group K–: deionized water as a negative control. After 4 weeks of the remineralization process, the effect of remineralization on samples of agents used the microhardness, atomic force microscope, and scanning electron microscope analyses. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS version 20.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). ANOVA and Tukey Post-Hoc multiple comparison test were applied ( p < .05). Results: Increasing percentage values of the microhardness at groups C, CF, and A were significantly better than group K– ( p < .05), whereas there is no statistically significant difference with group K+ ( p > .05). The average surface roughness values of groups C and CF were similar with group K+ in AFM analysis, whereas average surface roughness values of group A were significantly higher than K+ group. Conclusion: The CPP–ACP, CPP–ACPF, and arginine are effective agents for remineralization of early childhood caries lesions.

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