Increase in Seismic Resistance for a Full-Scale Dry Stack Masonry Arch Subjected to Hinge Control

2019 ◽  
Vol 817 ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Stockdale ◽  
Gabriele Milani ◽  
Vasilis Sarhosis
Keyword(s):  
Loading Condition ◽  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Seismic Resistance ◽  
Masonry Arch ◽  
Direct Transformation ◽  
Intermittent Behavior ◽  
Experimental Campaign ◽  
Reinforcement Strategies ◽  
Arch Construction

The seismic vulnerability and resulting damages to vaulted masonry is continuously observed with each new earthquake. The understanding of these systems is quite strong, and reinforcement strategies and techniques are continually advancing. Unfortunately, the application of reinforcement is typically applied in a way that the failure transforms directly from one of stability to strength. This direct transformation overlooks the potential behaviors of the system that exist between the two limits. To investigate and better understand the intermittent behavior of masonry arches, an in-scale dry joint masonry arch subjected to hinge control and a tilting plane loading condition was experimentally tested. The result of that experimentation revealed that the capacity can be increased and the failure defined, but the non-ideal conditions of slip and base deformations were observed as well. This work presents the second experimental campaign of a full-scale dry stack masonry arch subjected to hinge control and a tilting plane loading condition. In this campaign, the issue of slip is addressed in the arch construction, and the results show that the capacity of the full-scale arch can be increased and the failure defined.

Finite Hinge Stiffness and its Effect on the Capacity of a Dry-Stack Masonry Arch Subjected to Hinge Control

2019 ◽  
Vol 817 ◽  
pp. 259-266
Author(s):  
Gabriel Stockdale ◽  
Vasilis Sarhosis ◽  
Gabriele Milani
Keyword(s):  
Failure Mechanism ◽  
Rotational Stiffness ◽  
Masonry Arch ◽  
Direct Transformation ◽  
Experimental Campaign ◽  
Mechanical Deformations ◽  
Capacity Reduction ◽  
Partial Picture ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Reinforcement Strategies

With each new earthquake the damages to vaulted masonry and their vulnerability are continuously observed. Understanding the behaviour of these systems continues to increase, and reinforcement strategies and techniques are continually advancing. The application of reinforcement is often done such that the failure of the system is transformed directly from one of stability to strength. This direct transformation overlooks the intermittent stages that exist, and thus provides a partial picture of the system. An experimental campaign was carried out to test the capacity of a dry-stack masonry arch subjected to hinge control and failed through a tilting test. From the experimentation, it was observed that controlling the hinge locations can increase the resistance of the arch while also providing a defined failure mechanism, but the capacity of the system was greatly reduced when compared to numerical results. Investigation into the capacity reduction revealed stable mechanical deformations resulting from a non-rigid reinforced base joint. This work focuses on the relationship between capacity and stable deformations to calculate a rotational stiffness value for the non-rigid reinforced base joint.

Full‐scale shake‐table tests on two unreinforced masonry cavity‐wall buildings: effect of an innovative timber retrofit

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Miglietta ◽  
Nicolò Damiani ◽  
Gabriele Guerrini ◽  
Francesco Graziotti
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Vulnerability ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Unreinforced Masonry ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Cavity Wall ◽  
Masonry Walls ◽  
Shake Table ◽  
Earthquake Excitation ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Slab

AbstractTwo full-scale building specimens were tested on the shake-table at the EUCENTRE Foundation laboratories in Pavia (Italy), to assess the effectiveness of an innovative timber retrofit solution, within a comprehensive research campaign on the seismic vulnerability of existing Dutch unreinforced masonry structures. The buildings represented the end-unit of a two-storey terraced house typical of the North-Eastern Netherlands, a region affected by induced seismicity over the last few decades. This building typology is particularly vulnerable to earthquake excitation due to lack of seismic details and irregular distribution of large openings in masonry walls. Both specimens were built with the same geometry. Their structural system consisted of cavity walls, with interior load-bearing calcium-silicate leaf and exterior clay veneer, and included a first-floor reinforced concrete slab, a second-floor timber framing, and a roof timber structure supported by masonry gables. A timber retrofit was designed and installed inside the second specimen, providing an innovative sustainable, light-weight, reversible, and cost-effective technique, which could be extensively applied to actual buildings. Timber frames were connected to the interior surface of the masonry walls and completed by oriented strands boards nailed to them. The second-floor timber diaphragm was stiffened and strengthened by a layer of oriented-strand boards, nailed to the existing joists and to additional blocking elements through the existing planks. These interventions resulted also in improved wall-to-diaphragm connections with the inner leaf at both floors, while steel ties were added between the cavity-wall leaves. The application of the retrofit system favored a global response of the building with increased lateral capacities of the masonry walls. This paper describes in detail the bare and retrofitted specimens, compares the experimental results obtained through similar incremental dynamic shake-table test protocols up to near-collapse conditions, and identifies damage states and damage limits associated with displacements and deformations.

scholarly journals Quasi-Static Cyclic Tests on Masonry Spandrels

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 907-929 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Beyer ◽  
Alessandro Dazio
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Loading ◽  
Mechanical Model ◽  
Axial Load ◽  
Failure Mechanisms ◽  
Cyclic Tests ◽  
Masonry Arch ◽  
Test Setup ◽  
Experimental Campaign ◽  
Constant Axial Load ◽  
Deformation Hysteresis

This paper presents the results of an experimental campaign on masonry spandrels. Within this campaign, four masonry spandrels were subjected to quasi-static cyclic loading. Two different spandrel configurations were tested. The first configuration comprised a masonry spandrel with a timber lintel, and the second configuration, a masonry spandrel on a shallow masonry arch. For each configuration, two specimens were tested. The first was tested with a constant axial load in the spandrel, while for the second specimen, the axial load in the spandrel depended on the axial elongation of the spandrel. This paper summarizes the properties of the four test units, the test setup, and the most important results from the experiments, documenting the failure mechanisms that developed and the force-deformation hysteresis of the spandrel elements. The paper also presents a mechanical model for estimating the peak strength of masonry spandrels.

scholarly journals FULL SCALE SHAKING TABLE TEST ON ULTIMATE SEISMIC RESISTANCE OF ADVANCED TYPE OF BEAM-TO-COLUMN CONNECTIONS

2002 ◽  
Vol 67 (551) ◽  
pp. 141-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi AKIYAMA ◽  
Satoshi YAMADA ◽  
Yuka MATSUMOTO ◽  
Toru TAKEUCHI ◽  
Hirokazu SUGIMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Shaking Table Test ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Shaking Table ◽  
Seismic Resistance

Dynamic identification and collapse assessment of Rubbianello Bridge

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Ragni ◽  
Fabrizio Scozzese ◽  
Fabrizio Gara ◽  
Enrico Tubaldi
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Collapse Mechanism ◽  
Dynamic Identification ◽  
Masonry Arch ◽  
Experimental Campaign ◽  
Severe Flood ◽  
Bridge Failure ◽  
Material Tests ◽  
Masonry Arch Bridge

<p>This paper investigates the causes of failure of Rubbianello Bridge, a multi-span masonry arch bridge located in Central Italy, which suffered the collapse of two of the seven spans due to foundation scour during a very severe flood in December 2013 and the collapse of two more spans during another major flood event in 2016. An accurate nonlinear 3D model of the bridge is developed. The elastic properties of the model are calibrated based on both material tests and an experimental campaign carried out for the dynamic identification (in terms of vibration frequencies and modal shapes) via operational modal analysis of the remaining part of the bridge. A numerical simulation of the scour hole progression is performed in order to identify the collapse mechanism of the bridge under the first major flood and estimate the level of scour that caused the bridge failure.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document