Energy Savings of PCM-Incorporated Building in Hot Dry Climate

2019 ◽  
Vol 821 ◽  
pp. 518-524
Author(s):  
Meruyert Sovetova ◽  
Shazim Ali Memon ◽  
Jong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Energy Consumption Reduction ◽  
Al Ain ◽  
Consumption Reduction ◽  
Residential House

Phase change materials is one of the innovative technologies to reduce the heating and cooling demand of buildings. In this research, the thermal performance and energy efficiency of PCM-incorporated residential house located in Sharjah and Al-Ain cities using DesignBuilder software have been evaluated. According to the simulation results, for both cities PCM 32 was found to be the most effective with energy consumption reduction around 19%. The optimum PCM decreased the maximum temperature by up to 1.09°C and was able to reduce temperature fluctuations. For constant volume, the influence of different thicknesses and surface area on energy savings was evaluated and it was found that energy savings increased with the increase in surface area and decrease in thickness of PCM layer. Finally, from correlation analysis, it was found that relationship between energy savings and meteorological factors like wind speed, temperature, relative humidity and solar radiation exist.

scholarly journals Energy Consumption Reduction of a Chiller Plant by Adding Evaporative Pads to Decrease Condensation Temperature

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2218
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Rey Martínez ◽  
Julio F. San José Alonso ◽  
Eloy Velasco Gómez ◽  
Ana Tejero González ◽  
Paula M Esquivias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Condensation Temperature ◽  
Efficiency Ratio ◽  
Energy Consumption Reduction ◽  
Consumption Reduction ◽  
Load Characteristics ◽  
Installed Capacity

The high energy consumption of cooling systems justifies the need for strategies to increase the efficiency of the facilities, in order to reduce the related CO2 emissions. This study aims to improve the performance and reduce the energy consumption of an 8.6 MW air cooled chiller. This installed capacity is biased due to the screw compressors, of 2.98 Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER) at full load (characteristics provided by the manufacturer). The chiller unit has been modified by placing evaporating cooling pads before the condensing coils. The chiller has been monitored for three months, recording over 544,322 measurements (5 min-step data), with and without the evaporative cooling pads, to assess the performance. Data comparison has been done by selecting two days (with and without evaporative panels) with the same health care load and temperatures. Implementing the proposed strategy yields an improvement in the European Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio (ESEER) from 3.69 to 4.83, while the Total Equivalent Warming Impact (TEWI) decreases about 1000 tCO2. Energy savings of up to 32.6 MWh result into a payback period lower than 2 years.

The Effect of Occupant Behavior on Residential House Energy Consumption

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Emery ◽  
C. J. Kippenhan
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Space Heating ◽  
Occupant Behavior ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Outdoor Air ◽  
Indoor Temperature ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
Residential House

Space conditioning energy needs are strongly affected by occupant behavior. Generally, simulations ignore the behavior of the occupants in estimating the energy needed for heating and cooling. During winter heating, it is reasonable to assume that the electricity associated with appliances contributes to the space heating needs. This paper describes the monitoring of energy used for space heating over a 15 year period. The data suggest that estimates of energy savings can be based upon envelope thermal resistance for moderate occupant behavior. For these occupants space heating is well characterized by the daily average difference between house average space temperature and outside air temperature. Characterizing in terms of indoor temperature, outdoor air temperature, wind speed, and insolation gives a slightly better representation but requires more information than is usually available. However, vigorous conservation tactics can lead to substantially different energy needs and no correlation could be established when aggressive conservation made use of thermostat setback at every opportunity.

Approach to Sustainable Smart Town and Role of International Standardization

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junji Nomura ◽  
Susumu Morikura ◽  
Shinya Tada
Keyword(s):  
Demand Response ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Future Prospect ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Energy Efficient Buildings ◽  
Energy Consumption Reduction ◽  
Consumption Reduction ◽  
Residential House ◽  
International Standardization

Sustainable Smart Town (SST) scheme which utilizes networking of energy and information is receiving much attention as a way of stable energy supply and efficient operation in each region and country. SST consists of Smart Grid to supply energy efficiently and energy efficient buildings such as smart homes, condominiums, stores and factories. In addition, new service such as Demand Response Service which takes advantage of networking is beginning to appear in the market. This paper introduces outline of several SST pilot projects, energy consumption reduction in office building, demand response in existing residential house and information security system for facilities. It also mentions the role and future prospect of International Standardization to realize the safe, secure, comfortable and convenient SST.

scholarly journals Compatibility Tests between Three Commercially Available Organic PCMs and Metals Typically Used in Fin-and-Tube Heat Exchangers

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5172
Author(s):  
Paulina Rolka ◽  
Jaroslaw Karwacki ◽  
Maciej Jaworski
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems ◽  
Surface Changes

Energy storage is one of the most effective ways to increase energy savings and efficiency of heating and air conditioning systems. Phase change materials (PCMs) are increasingly used in latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES) systems to increase their capacity. In such systems, costs are a very important factor of viability so the typical heat transfer elements like fin-and-tube heat exchangers are used to construct the LHTES. The problem of this approach is a possibility of corrosion of metals in contact with PCM that shortens the life cycle of LHTES. Therefore, the main objective of this work is an experimental study of the compatibility of metals typically used in fin-and-tube heat exchangers (copper and aluminum) with three commercially available organic PCMs (RT15, RT18HC, and RT22HC). Compatibility of PCMs with copper and aluminum was tested for a period of approximately two months, during which a total of 35 heating and cooling cycles were carried out, each with a complete phase transition of the tested materials. In the course of the tests it was assessed whether the PCM caused corrosion of the tested metals. The evaluation was based on the gravimetric method, calculation of corrosion rate, and visual observations and measurements of the features on the metal sample’s surface using optical microscope. It was determined that RT15, RT18 HC, and RT22 HC show low corrosion rates for aluminum and copper samples. The visual tests indicate that there was no change in the PCM solutions during the tests, only a sediment was observed for the samples with the combination of copper and aluminum. Microscopic examination of the surface of the samples did not show any significant surface changes, except for the aluminum samples, on the surface of which local microdefects were observed. It follows from the present results that copper and aluminum can be used to design the heat transfer surface in contact with the chosen PCMs.

scholarly journals Effect of Insulation on the Energy Demand of a Standardized Container Facility at Airports in Spain under Different Weather Conditions

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (20) ◽  
pp. 5263
Author(s):  
Miguel Ángel Álvarez-Feijoo ◽  
Pedro Orgeira-Crespo ◽  
Elena Arce ◽  
Andrés Suárez-García ◽  
José Roberto Ribas
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Shipping Containers ◽  
The Right ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

Airports, broadly spread world-wide, present continuously increasing energy demands for heating and cooling purposes. Relocatable facilities within them could be built on recycling shipping containers provided with the right insulation layer, to reduce the outstanding consumption of the heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems (HVAC). This research focuses on studying the effect of added insulation on the thermal performance of a construction in the scope of an airport facility, based on a recycled shipping container. Passive heating and cooling insulation strategies have shown good results in terms of energy savings. A series of simulations were performed along six different Spanish airports locations, selected to represent several climate conditions. Temperature evolution inside the container, and energy demands of the HVAC system were obtained to show that the insulation provided by phase change materials (PCM) is performing better than traditional insulation, or a raw container. Although there are slight behavior differences according to the climate, PCM can increase inside temperature even with no HVAC under certain circumstances.

Research on the Application and Energy-Saving Assessment of Phase Change Materials in Intelligence Architectural

2013 ◽  
Vol 416-417 ◽  
pp. 1741-1745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Hua Jing
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Good Energy ◽  
Building Energy Saving ◽  
Change Material

The paper research building energy-saving technologies, in particular, phase change materials and traditional building materials combined into a new building material with a heat storage and heat. It has the energy density and the approximate constant temperature exothermic absorption, etc., can effectively maintain the comfort of the environment and reduce building heating and cooling energy consumption and costs. By collecting and analyzing the data in the the Model room temperature under infrared lamp irradiation, found that compared with the model of the phase change material without adding room, both the peak temperature of the maximum differential is 1.70 °C, the energy-saving efficiency up to 27.56%, with good energy savings.

scholarly journals Energy Saving and Charging Discharging Characteristics of Multiple PCMs Subjected to Internal Air Flow

Fluids ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Ahmed J. Hamad
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Temperature Control ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Heating System ◽  
Air Heating ◽  
Room Model ◽  
Model Temperature

One essential utilization of phase change materials as energy storage materials is energy saving and temperature control in air conditioning and indirect solar air drying systems. This study presents an experimental investigation evaluating the characteristics and energy savings of multiple phase change materials subjected to internal flow in an air heating system during charging and discharging cycles. The experimental tests were conducted using a test rig consisting of two main parts, an air supply duct and a room model equipped with phase change materials (PCMs) placed in rectangular aluminum panels. Analysis of the results was based on three test cases: PCM1 (Paraffin wax) placed in the air duct was used alone in the first case; PCM2 (RT–42) placed in the room model was used alone in the second case; and in the third case, the two PCMs (PCM1 and PCM2) were used at the same time. The results revealed a significant improvement in the energy savings and room model temperature control for the air heating system incorporated with multiple PCMs compared with that of a single PCM. Complete melting during the charging cycle occurred at temperatures in the range of 57–60 °C for PCM1 and 38–43 °C for PCM2, respectively, thereby validating the reported PCMs’ melting–solidification results. Multiple PCMs maintained the room air temperature at the desired range of 35–45.2 °C in the air heating applications by minimizing the air temperature fluctuations. The augmentation in discharging time and improvement in the room model temperature using multiple PCMs were about 28.4% higher than those without the use of PCMs. The total energy saving using two PCMs was higher by about 29.5% and 46.7% compared with the use of PCM1 and PCM2, respectively. It can be concluded that multiple PCMs have revealed higher energy savings and thermal stability for the air heating system considered in the current study.

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