Geometry Modelling of Clads Generated by Laser Cladding

2012 ◽  
Vol 713 ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
I. Tabernero ◽  
Aitzol Lamikiz ◽  
Eneko Ukar ◽  
S. Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Laser Cladding ◽  
Particle Concentration ◽  
Cfd Model ◽  
Melt Pool ◽  
Laser Cladding Process ◽  
The Finite Difference Method ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Minimum Heat ◽  
Pool Area ◽  
Deposition Techniques

The laser cladding process is based on the generation of a melt-pool in a substrate where a filler material is injected, generating a high quality clad with a minimum heat affected zone. This process is industrially used to generate coatings over wear or damaged surfaces, being an alternative to traditional deposition techniques. One of the most important aspects for its industrial application is to know the clad geometry in order to calculate the deposited layer thickness. This work presents a model in which, starting from the concentration of injected material and the melt-pool geometry, clad height is finally estimated. Both input variables are obtained by two previous validated models. On one hand, the melt pool is estimated by a thermal model based on the finite difference method, and on the other hand, concentration of injected material is provided by a particle concentration CFD model. This data is used in a mass balance over melt-pool area in order to estimate the deposited clad height.

Modeling on Laser Cladding on In718 Superalloy

2011 ◽  
Vol 80-81 ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Qing Ming Chang ◽  
Chang Jun Chen ◽  
Xia Chen ◽  
Si Qian Bao ◽  
Chen Gang Pan
Keyword(s):  
Laser Cladding ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Scanning Speed ◽  
Beam Diameter ◽  
Numerical Resolution ◽  
Applied Loading ◽  
Melt Pool ◽  
Laser Cladding Process ◽  
In718 Superalloy ◽  
Complex Boundary

A 3-D modeling based on the numerical resolution of fluid flow and heat transfer for laser-cladding processes of In718 Superalloy is proposed. The implementation of developed procedures allowed us to treat the problem with specific and complex boundary conditions. The applied loading is a moving heat source that depends on process parameters such as power density, laser beam diameter and scanning speed. The effects of process parameters on the melt pool are quantitatively discussed by numerical analysis. The computational results present good coincidences with the corresponding experiments of laser cladding process.

Laser Cladding of Ni Based Cermets

2006 ◽  
Vol 514-516 ◽  
pp. 723-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria José Tobar ◽  
José Manuel Amado ◽  
Carlos Álvarez ◽  
German Rodríguez ◽  
Armando Yáñez
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Laser Cladding ◽  
Interesting Property ◽  
Major Influence ◽  
Gas Flows ◽  
Tungsten Carbides ◽  
Melt Pool ◽  
Laser Cladding Process ◽  
Plasma Sprayed ◽  
Processing Techniques

The self fluxing NiCrBSi alloys can produce coating layers by means of laser processing techniques. Main procedures are the laser post-treatment of previously thermal or plasma sprayed coats and the laser cladding, for which preplaced or continuously delivered powder (in this case aided by powder feeders) can be used. NiCrBSi alloys have an interesting property due to the presence of boron and silicon in its composition: they exhibit a relatively low melting point, making the laser cladding process easier. The layers obtained on metallic based materials are resistant to high temperature erosion wear and corrosion. However, if additional abrasive wear resistance is needed, the feeding with ceramic powders such as tungsten carbides (WC) is required. The high melting point of ceramics makes the laser cladding process complicated as the melt pool is made up of liquid metal plus not totally melted ceramic particles and the whole suffers the effect of the shielding and carrying gas flows, producing undesired instabilities. In this paper several combination of WC and NiCrBSi powders were tested. It is shown that the WC fraction in the mixture has a major influence on the obtention of pore and crack free clad layers. Bellow a certain ratio the meltpool appears to be more stable and less affected by the different gas flows used in the process, yielding dense NiCrBSi coatings with rather evenly distributed WC particles. In these conditions, the analysis and characterization of the produced coatings shows that the microstructure gains homogeneity without decreasing too much microhardness if compared with the pure ceramic layers.

scholarly journals Research On Energy Distribution and Solidification Characteristics During Laser Cladding Based On Numerical Simulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenhui Yang ◽  
Yanhai Cheng ◽  
Yipeng Zhang ◽  
Jinyong Yang ◽  
Xiubing Liang
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Energy Distribution ◽  
Laser Cladding ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Solidification Rate ◽  
Melt Pool ◽  
Laser Cladding Process ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Effects Of Temperature

Abstract Laser cladding as an emerging surface modification technology can be widely adopted for surface modification. In this study, 27SiMn was selected as the substrate, the powder was a self-made iron-based alloy, and the thermophysical properties of the material were predicted by the CALPHAD algorithm. The numerical model of the laser cladding process is established by setting reasonable hypothetical condition, initial condition, boundary condition, and solver parameters. In order to verify the accuracy of the numerical model, 10 sets of experiments have been carried out, and the agreement between the model calculation results and the experimental results reached 92%. Through the study of energy distribution in the laser cladding process, it is found that about 10% of the laser energy is used to heat the substrate to form a melt-pool, and at least 53% of the energy is radiated into the environment. Finally, the effects of temperature gradient and solidification rate on the microstructure of the cladding layer were explored.

Macro/Micro-Scale Modeling of Laser Cladding Process

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Cao ◽  
J. Choi
Keyword(s):  
Laser Cladding ◽  
Microstructure Evolution ◽  
Phase Field ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Solidification Microstructure ◽  
Phase Field Method ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Melt Pool ◽  
Laser Cladding Process ◽  
Macro Scale

Laser cladding process inherently includes multi-scale, highly non-linear, and non-equilibrium transport phenomena due to non-uniform and rapid heat flow caused by the laser and the material interaction. Therefore, there is a growing demand to develop systematic modeling and simulation approaches for the multi-scale problem. To address this issue, a process model of solidification microstructure evolution has been studied by utilizing a phase-field method. The phase-field method has become a widely used computational tool for the modeling of solidification microstructure evolution with the advantage of avoiding tracking the interface explicitly and satisfying interfacial boundary conditions. In present work, the numerical solutions of a phase-field model have been analyzed. The linking of macro-scale process and solidification microstructure evolution was examined by considering the relationship of macro- and micro-parameters. The effects of laser power on clad height and surface roughness have also been studied. The predicted results for pure metal dendrite growth were compared with the microsolvability theory and a good agreement was found. Different solidification morphologies of different locations in the melt pool are also investigated. It was found that it is not the mass transfer but the heat transfer in the melt pool that dominates the solidification process.

Two Dimensional Modeling of Laser Cladding With Droplet Injection

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Han ◽  
J. Choi
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Laser Cladding ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Melt Pool ◽  
Dimensional Modeling ◽  
Material Deposition ◽  
Laser Cladding Process ◽  
Solid Liquid Interface ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
The Impact

Directed Metal/Material Deposition (DMD) process is one of additive manufacturing processes based on laser cladding process. A full understanding of laser cladding process is a must to make the DMD process consistent and robust. A two dimensional mathematical model of laser cladding was developed to understand the influence of fluid flow to the mixing, dilution, and deposition dimension, incorporating melting, solidification, and evaporation phenomena. The fluid flow in the melt pool driven by thermal capillary convection and energy balance at liquid-vapor and solid-liquid interface was investigated and the impact of the droplets on the melt pool shape and ripple was studied. Dynamic motion, development of melt pool and the formation of cladding layer were simulated.

The Temperature Field Simulation during Laser Cladding Process

2012 ◽  
Vol 450-451 ◽  
pp. 235-238
Author(s):  
Qiu Yue Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Laser Cladding ◽  
Initial Temperature ◽  
The Finite Element Method ◽  
Melt Pool ◽  
Laser Cladding Process ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Variation Simulation

The mathematical model of the Temperature field of the power feeding laser cladding was found by the finite element method .To simulate the process of cladding temperature distribution, the simulation results and experimental results were conform, showed that this method can be used for controlling laser cladding process parameters by calculating the initial temperature and non-contact measurement of the temperature variation. Simulation results showed that the laser cladding process heat and cool speedy , The temperature gradient is large, the largest temperature gradient is in the vicinity of melt pool and the border of cladding layer and the substrate.

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