Mechanical and Structural Properties of Superhard TiAlSiN Coatings Deposited by Arc Ion Plating of Cylindrical Cathode

2014 ◽  
Vol 783-786 ◽  
pp. 1426-1431
Author(s):  
Wang Ryeol Kim ◽  
Min Chul Kwon ◽  
Jung Hoon Lee ◽  
Uoo Chang Jung ◽  
Won Sub Chung
Keyword(s):  
Structural Properties ◽  
Nitrogen Pressure ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ion Plating ◽  
Arc Current ◽  
Cathode Arc ◽  
Cathodic Arc ◽  
Tialsin Coating

TiAlSiN coatings were deposited on WC-Co metal by using a cathodic arc ion deposition method of cylindrical cathode. We used Ti / Al (50 / 50 at.%) arc target and silicon sputter target. The influence of the nitrogen pressure, TiAl cathode arc current, bias voltage, and deposition temperature on the mechanical and the structural properties of the films were investigated. The structural features of the films were investigation in detail using X-ray diffraction. And coatings were characterized by means of FE-SEM, nanoindentation, Scratch tester, Tribology tester, XRD and XPS. The hardness of the film reached 43 GPa at the cathode arc current of 230 A and decreased with a further increase of the arc current. And the adhesion of the film reached 34 N. The results showed that the TiAlSiN coating exhibited an excellent mechanical properties which application for tools and molds.

Selective oxidation of cyclopentene to glutaraldehyde by H2O2 over Nb-SBA-15

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
yingmeng qi ◽  
Qi Han ◽  
li wu ◽  
Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Structural Properties ◽  
Selective Oxidation ◽  
Mesoporous Materials ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

A series of niobium-containing mesoporous materials Nb-SBA-15 have been prepared by sonication–impregnation and hydrothermal process. The dispersion and structural properties of niobium-containing species were systematically characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning...

Structural properties of the guest species in diacyl peroxide/urea inclusion compounds: an X-ray diffraction investigation

1990 ◽  
Vol 431 (1882) ◽  
pp. 245-269 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystal ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Inclusion Compounds ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Channel Axis ◽  
Guest Molecules ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Urea Inclusion Compounds ◽  
Diacyl Peroxide ◽  
Urea Inclusion

In this paper we report single crystal X-ray diffraction studies of urea inclusion compounds containing diacyl peroxides (dioctanoyl peroxide (OP), diundecanoyl peroxide (UP), lauroyl peroxide (LP)) as the guest component. In these inclusion compounds, the host (urea) molecules crystallize in a hexagonal structure that contains linear, parallel, non-intersecting channels (tunnels). The guest (diacyl peroxide) molecules are closely packed inside these channels with a periodic repeat distance that is incommensurate with the period of the host structure along the channel axis. Furthermore, there is pronounced inhomogeneity within the guest structure: within each single crystal, there are regions in which the guest molecules are three-dimensionally ordered, and other regions in which they are only one-dimensionally ordered (along the channel axis). Although it has not proven possible to ‘determine’ the guest structures in the conventional sense, substantial information concerning their average periodicities and their orientational relationships with respect to the host has been deduced from single crystal X-ray diffraction photographs recorded at room temperature. For OP/urea, UP/urea and LP/urea, the guest structure in the three-dimensionally ordered regions is monoclinic, and six types of domain of this monoclinic structure can be identified within each single crystal. The relative packing of diacyl peroxide molecules is the same in each domain, and the different domains are related by 60° rotation about the channel axis. For each of these inclusion compounds, the offset between the ‘heights’ of the guest molecules in adjacent channels is the same ( ca . 4.6 Å (4.6 x 10 -10 m)) within experimental error, suggesting that the relative interchannel packing of the guest molecules is controlled by a property of the diacyl peroxide group. In addition to revealing these novel structural properties, the work discussed in this paper has more general relevance concerning the measurement and interpretation of single crystal X-ray diffraction patterns that are based on more than one three-dimensionally periodic reciprocal lattice. Seven separate reciprocal lattices are required to rationalize the complete X-ray diffraction pattern from each diacyl peroxide/urea crystal studied here.

Crystallization of Zn-rich and P-rich amorphous Zn3P2 thin films

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 373-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Arsenault ◽  
D. E. Brodie
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Activation Energy ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Crystallization Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electrical Measurements ◽  
Conductivity Activation Energy ◽  
X Ray

Zn-rich and P-rich amorphous Zn3P2 thin films were prepared by co-evaporation of the excess element during the normal Zn3P2 deposition. X-ray diffraction techniques were used to investigate the structural properties and the crystallization process. Agglomeration of the excess element within the as-made amorphous Zn3P2 thin film accounted for the structural properties observed after annealing the sample. Electrical measurements showed that excess Zn reduces the conductivity activation energy and increases the conductivity, while excess P up to 15 at.% does not alter the electrical properties significantly.

Synchrotron x‐ray diffraction studies of the structural properties of electrode materials in operating battery cells

1996 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Thurston ◽  
N. M. Jisrawi ◽  
S. Mukerjee ◽  
X. Q. Yang ◽  
J. McBreen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Properties ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Battery Cells

Magnetic Anisotropy in Electrodeposited CO Films and spin-valves on Gaas Substrates

1999 ◽  
Vol 562 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Attenborough ◽  
M. Cerisier ◽  
H. Boeve ◽  
J. De Boeck ◽  
G. Borghs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Anisotropy ◽  
Buffer Layer ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Easy Axis ◽  
Spin Valve ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cu Films ◽  
Gaas Substrates ◽  
Unique Spin

ABSTRACTWe have studied the magnetic and structural properties of thin electrodeposited Co and Cu layers grown directly onto (100) n-GaAs and have investigated the influence of a buffer layer. A dominant fourfold anisotropy with a uniaxial contribution is observed in 10 nm Co electrodeposited films on GaAs. An easy axis is observed in the [001] GaAs direction with two hard axes of differing coercivities parallel to the [011] and [011] directions. For thicker films the easy axes in the [001] direction becomes less pronounced and the fourfold anisotropy becomes less dominant. Co films of similar thicknesses deposited onto an electrodeposited Cu buffer layer were nearly isotropic. From X-ray diffraction 21 nm Co layers on GaAs were found to be hcp with the c-axis tending to be in the plane of the film. The anisotropy is ascribed to the Co/GaAs interface and is held responsible for the unique spin-valve properties seen recently in electrodeposited Co/Cu films.

The Research about Oxidation Kinetics of Ti60 Alloy and Ni-Co-Cr-Al-Y-Si Coating on Surface

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 743-746
Author(s):  
Jian Feng Li ◽  
Li Zhi Guo ◽  
Guo Qing Li
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Surface Appearance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Good Oxidation Resistance ◽  
Ion Plating ◽  
Alloy Oxidation ◽  
Resistance Performance ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Electronic Microscope

This article summarized depositing craft of the superficial coatings (Ni-Co-Cr-Al-Y-Si) on the Ti60 alloy (Ti-6.5Al-4.2Sn-4Zr-0.6Si) with arc ion plating technology and the oxidation behavior under 600~750 . The X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the scanning electronic microscope (SEM) were used to analyze the surface appearance, the structure and the ingredient conducts of non-coating Ti60 alloy. The contrast shows that the coatings have good protection to Ti60 alloy. The result indicated that the coating has the good oxidation resistance performance under 600°C , 650°C and 750°C . Coated Ti60 alloy oxidation resistance is markly improved. The circulation oxidation dynamics curve basically conforms to the parabola rule.

Inosose-Flüssigkristalle / Inosose Liquid Crystals

1990 ◽  
Vol 45 (7) ◽  
pp. 1084-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Praefcke ◽  
Bernd Kohne ◽  
Andreas Eckert ◽  
Joachim Hempel
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Liquid Crystalline ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Lyotropic Liquid Crystal ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Alkyl Chains

Six S,S-dialkyl acetals 2a-f of inosose (1), tripodal in structure, have been synthesized, characterized and investigated by optical microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (d.s.c.). The four S,S-acetals 2c-f with sufficiently long alkyl chains are thermotropic liquid crystalline; 2 e and 2 f are even dithermomesomorphic. Each of these four inosose derivatives 2c-f exhibits monotropically a most likely cubic mesophase (MI); in addition 2e and 2f show enantiotropically a hexagonal mesophase (Hx) with a non-covalent, supramolecular H-bridge architecture. Whereas the nature of the optically isotropic mesophase MI needs further clarification the stable high temperature mesophase Hx of 2 e and 2 f has been established by a miscibility test using a sugar S,S-dialkyl acetal also tripodal in structure and with a Hx phase proved by X-ray diffraction, but in contrast to 2 with an acyclic hydrophilic part. Similarities of structural features between the Hx-phases of 2e and 2f as well as of other thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystal systems are discussed briefly.

The Adsorption and Chemistry of Tripropyl phosphate (TPP) into Microporous and Mesoporous NaX Zeolites

2011 ◽  
Vol 1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingguo Meng ◽  
David C. Doetschman ◽  
Apostolos K. Rizos ◽  
Min-Hong Lee ◽  
Jürgen T. Schulte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Structural Properties ◽  
Nmr Spectra ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nax Zeolite ◽  
Stoichiometric Amount ◽  
Polydiallyldimethylammonium Chloride ◽  
Adsorption Analysis

ABSTRACTAdsorption and chemistry of tripropylphosphate (TPP) in mesoporous NaX zeolite, which was templated by cationic templated polymer (polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride, PDADMAC) with two different length chains, was investigated. The structural properties of the zeolites were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and nitrogen adsorption analysis. The chemical activities of different zeolites toward the decomposition of TPP were determined with solid state 31P NMR spectra. After exposure of zeolites to TPP was sufficient and equilibrium was reached, a stoichiometric amount of water was also adsorbed and hydrolysis was observed. The TPP decomposition yields in different NaX zeolites were compared.

Optical and Structural Properties of α-Si1-xCx Films

1996 ◽  
Vol 423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhizhong Chen ◽  
Kai Yang ◽  
Rong Zhang ◽  
Hongtao Shi ◽  
Youdou Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Structural Properties ◽  
Radial Distribution ◽  
Optical Constants ◽  
State Density ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Energy Band Gap ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Optical Energy Band Gap ◽  
Atomic Radial Distribution

AbstractIn this paper, we reported experimental results about optical and structural properties of amorphous silicon carbide (α-Si1-xCx). The films of a-Si1-xCx) were grown by CVD on substrate of quartz glass. Optical constants (n-refractive index, a-absorption coefficient, Eg-optical energy band gap) of these films were determined by transmission spectra. The radial distribution functions (RDFs) of α- Sil−xCx) films were drawn out from the data of x-ray diffraction spectra. According to the RDFs, we imagined the statistic scene from which we could obtain the information of atomic radial distribution. The bond lengths and bond numbers of Si-Si, Si-C, and C-C could be also determined by RDFs. From the analysis of Raman spectra, we obtained the information of their vibration state density, and discerned the peaks of bond vibration, which agreed well with the results of α-Si1-xCx) RDF.

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