Development of Nanozeolite-Geopolymer as Adsorbent Material for Motor Vehicle Emissions

2016 ◽  
Vol 841 ◽  
pp. 133-139
Author(s):  
Apriany Saludung ◽  
Nurul Kusuma Wardani ◽  
Subaer ◽  
Muris
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Vehicle Emissions ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Vehicle Exhaust ◽  
Zeolite X ◽  
Motor Vehicle Emissions ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Naoh Solution

This study examines the ability of nanozeolite-geopolyme ras adsorbent material for motor vehicle emissions. There were three samples that have been synthesized by varying metakaolin and rice husk ash masses. Nanozeolite-geopolymer samples were synthesized through geopolymerization method at 70°C by mixing metakaolin with rice husk ash and activated with NaOH solution. Samples were recurring at 200°C to improve the crystalline level. Based on the XRD characterization of the three samples, two of them contain zeolite X, namely ZG_A (100% metakaolin, ASP 0%) and ZG_B (metakaolin: ASP, 2: 1). However, zeolite X phase most conceived by ZG_A. Therefore, the ZG_A sample was then used as adsorbent to absorb motor vehicle exhaust. The tests were performed four times with time variation of 10, 20, 30, and 40 minutes. The XRD results showed that the material was successfully absorbed lead oxide, manganese oxide and phosphorus which are hazardous compounds when inhale by human being.

scholarly journals Chemical characterization and source identification of PM<sub>2.5</sub> at multiple sites in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 12941-12962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojuan Huang ◽  
Zirui Liu ◽  
Jingyun Liu ◽  
Bo Hu ◽  
Tianxue Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Combustion ◽  
Vehicle Emissions ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Vehicle Exhaust ◽  
Motor Vehicle Emissions ◽  
Haze Pollution ◽  
Inorganic Aerosol ◽  
Urban Sites ◽  
Bth Region

Abstract. The simultaneous observation and analysis of atmospheric fine particles (PM2.5) on a regional scale is an important approach to develop control strategies for haze pollution. In this study, samples of filtered PM2.5 were collected simultaneously at three urban sites (Beijing, Tianjin, and Shijiazhuang) and at a regional background site (Xinglong) in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region from June 2014 to April 2015. The PM2.5 at the four sites was mainly comprised of organic matter, secondary inorganic ions, and mineral dust. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) demonstrated that, on an annual basis, secondary inorganic aerosol was the largest PM2.5 source in this region, accounting for 29.2–40.5 % of the PM2.5 mass at the urban sites; the second-largest PM2.5 source was motor vehicle exhaust, particularly in Beijing (24.9 %), whereas coal combustion was also a large source in Tianjin (12.4 %) and Shijiazhuang (15.5 %), with particular dominance in winter. Secondary inorganic aerosol plays a vital role in the haze process, with the exception of the spring haze in Shijiazhuang and Tianjin, for which the dust source was crucial. In addition to secondary transformations, local direct emissions (coal combustion and motor vehicle exhaust) significantly contribute to the winter haze at the urban sites. Moreover, with the aggravation of haze pollution, the OC ∕ EC mass ratio of PM2.5 decreased considerably and the nitrate-rich secondary aerosol increased during all four seasons in Beijing, both of which indicate that local motor vehicle emissions significantly contribute to the severe haze episodes in Beijing. To assess the impacts of regional transport on haze pollution, the PMF results were further processed with backward-trajectory cluster analysis, revealing that haze pollution usually occurred when air masses originating from polluted industrial regions in the south prevailed and is characterized by high PM2.5 loadings with considerable contributions from secondary aerosols. This study suggests that control strategies to mitigate haze pollution in the BTH region should focus on the reduction of gaseous precursor emissions from fossil fuel combustion (motor vehicle emissions in Beijing and coal combustion in Tianjin, Hebei, and nearby provinces).

Synthesis and Characterization of Biosilica from Rice Husks as a Catalyst for the Production of Biodiesel

2021 ◽  
pp. 38-43
Author(s):  
Herman Hindarso ◽  
Indah Epriliati ◽  
Dede Hoerudin ◽  
Sri Yuliani
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Oxide Content ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rice Husks ◽  
Calcination Process ◽  
Xrf Scanning ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Material Preparation

The synthesis of silica particles from rice husk is a research based on natural materials and is classified as green material. Preparation of biosilica catalyst from calcined rice husk ash was carried out by the hydrothermal method using rice husk ash mixed with NaOH solution at a ratio of 1:5 (w/v) with the reaction temperature of 110-120°C, the pressure of 0.15-0.2 MPa for 15-30 minutes. Biosilica results are then continued with the calcination process at a temperature of 200-500°C for one hour. Biosilica with calcination is then compared to biosilica without calcination. These two kinds of biosilica are then characterized to determine their performance. The biosilica characteristic test that was carried out included X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). The XRF test results show that biosilica with calcination process has higher silica and silica oxide content than that without calcination. The surface morphology of biosilica with calcination and without calcination gives an uneven surface and consists of lumps and with uneven distribution on the surface of the biosilica sample. Biosilica with calcination process has a larger surface area, pore volume, and radius than biosilica without calcination process.

scholarly journals Quantifying Air Pollutant Variations during COVID-19 Lockdown in a Capital City in Northwest China

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 788
Author(s):  
Rong Feng ◽  
Hongmei Xu ◽  
Zexuan Wang ◽  
Yunxuan Gu ◽  
Zhe Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Vehicle Emissions ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Motor Vehicle Emissions

In the context of the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), strict lockdown policies were implemented to control nonessential human activities in Xi’an, northwest China, which greatly limited the spread of the pandemic and affected air quality. Compared with pre-lockdown, the air quality index and concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, SO2, and CO during the lockdown reduced, but the reductions were not very significant. NO2 levels exhibited the largest decrease (52%) during lockdown, owing to the remarkable decreased motor vehicle emissions. The highest K+ and lowest Ca2+ concentrations in PM2.5 samples could be attributed to the increase in household biomass fuel consumption in suburbs and rural areas around Xi’an and the decrease in human physical activities in Xi’an (e.g., human travel, vehicle emissions, construction activities), respectively, during the lockdown period. Secondary chemical reactions in the atmosphere increased in the lockdown period, as evidenced by the increased O3 level (increased by 160%) and OC/EC ratios in PM2.5 (increased by 26%), compared with pre-lockdown levels. The results, based on a natural experiment in this study, can be used as a reference for studying the formation and source of air pollution in Xi’an and provide evidence for establishing future long-term air pollution control policies.

Synthesis and characterization of red mud and rice husk ash-based geopolymer composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 108-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian He ◽  
Yuxin Jie ◽  
Jianhong Zhang ◽  
Yuzhen Yu ◽  
Guoping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Geopolymer Composites

Impact of sulfur-in-gasoline on motor vehicle emissions in the metropolitan area of Mexico City☆

Fuel ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 82 (13) ◽  
pp. 1605-1612 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Schifter ◽  
L Dı́az ◽  
M Vera ◽  
E Guzmán ◽  
E López-Salinas
Keyword(s):  
Mexico City ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Vehicle Emissions ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Emissions

scholarly journals Optimization of nanostructured/nano sized rice husk ash preparation

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3(Suppl.)) ◽  
pp. 0953
Author(s):  
Medhat Mostafa ◽  
Hamdy Salah ◽  
Amro B. Saddek ◽  
Nabila Shehata
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Amorphous Silica ◽  
Particle Shape ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Loss On Ignition ◽  
Shape Distribution ◽  
Disk Mill ◽  
Grinding Time

The objective of the study is developing a procedure for production and characterization of rice husk ash (RHA). The effects of rice husk (RH) amount, burning/cooling conditions combined with stirring on producing of RHA with amorphous silica, highest SiO2, lowest loss on ignition (LOI), uniform particle shape distribution and nano structured size have been studied. It is concluded that the best amount is 20 g RH in 125 ml evaporating dish Porcelain with burning for 2 h at temperature 700 °C combined with cooling three times during burning to produce RHA with amorphous silica, SiO2 90.78% and LOI 1.73%. On the other hand, cooling and stirring times affect the variation of nano structured size and particle shape distribution. However, no crystalline phases were found in RHA in all cases. Results proved that the Attritor ball mill was more suitable than vibration disk mill for pulverizing nano structured RHA with 50% of particle size (D50) lower than 45 mm and 99 % of particle size (D99) lower than 144 mm to nanosized RHA with D50 lower than 36 nm and D99 lower than 57 nm by grinding time 8.16 min to every 1 g RHA without changes in morphousity of silica.

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