Effect of Solution Annealing Time on the Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Duplex Stainless Steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 930 ◽  
pp. 374-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephania Capellari de Rezende ◽  
Maria Eurenice Rocha Cronemberger ◽  
Rodrigo Silva ◽  
Carlos A. Della Rovere ◽  
Sebastião Elias Kuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Annealing Time ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Intermetallic Phases ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Solution Annealing ◽  
Electrochemical Tests ◽  
Cyclic Potentiodynamic Polarization ◽  
Saf 2205

The formation of intermetallic phases during thermal treatments is a decisive point for the performance of duplex stainless steels, which may prevent the obtaining or provoke degradation of their properties. This paper presents an investigation on the corrosion resistance of duplex SAF 2205 steel as received and after solution annealing treatment. The objective was to evaluate the correlation between the solution annealing time, the resulting microstructural changes and the corrosion resistance of the steel through electrochemical tests of cyclic potentiodynamic polarization and double-cycle potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR). The heat treatments were performed at 1100° C for 30, 120 and 240 min with subsequent air cooling. The results of the DL-EPR showed that although there was no presence of intermetallic phases even with the absence of intermetallic phases, the solution annealing time influenced the degree of chromium depletion of the samples, so that with the increase of time, there was an increase in the degree of chrome depletion.

scholarly journals Effect of Cooling Rate on the Corrosion Behavior of As-Cast SAF 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel after Solution Annealing Treatment

2016 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 620-624
Author(s):  
Maria Eurenice Rocha Cronemberger ◽  
Sandra Nakamatsu ◽  
Neide Aparecida Mariano ◽  
Carlos Alberto della Rovere ◽  
Sebastião Elias Kuri
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Duplex Stainless Steel ◽  
Sigma Phase ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Solution Annealing ◽  
2205 Duplex Stainless Steel ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Electrochemical Potentiokinetic Reactivation ◽  
Saf 2205

The formation of intermetallic phases alters the properties of duplex stainless steel and is therefore a crucial factor in its performance. For example, the formation of sigma phase in duplex steel increases its brittleness and decreases its corrosion resistance because this phase consumes chromium and molybdenum in solid solution, thus leading to the depletion of these elements in the matrix. This study investigated the corrosion resistance of as-cast SAF 2205 duplex stainless steel after solution annealing treatment at 1100 °C for 240 minutes, under varying cooling rates. The objective was to evaluate the correlation between cooling condition, microstructural changes and corrosion resistance based on cyclic potentiodynamic polarization tests and double loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR) measurements. The results revealed a significant reduction in the corrosion resistance of a slowly cooled sample, which presented an increase in the degree of Cr (Qr / Qa) depletion resulting from the formation of sigma phase.

scholarly journals Mechanical Response of Ni-Based CU5MCuC Alloy to Different Stabilization Thermal Treatments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Gruttadauria ◽  
Silvia Barella ◽  
Claudia Fiocchi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Stabilization Treatment ◽  
Cr System

Abstract The Ni–Fe–Cr system is the basis of a series of commercial alloys featuring chemical–physical characteristics that allow them to be used in a variety of fields where excellent resistance to aggressive environments is required. In this scenario, the CU5MCuC alloy, the foundry counterpart of Alloy 825, is proving successful in the petrochemical field thanks to its good corrosion resistance in acidic and highly oxidizing environments. Intergranular corrosion resistance, critical for this material, is ensured by the stabilization treatment that allows precipitation of Nb carbides. Strengthening of this alloy takes place only via a solid solution. Therefore, its mechanical properties depend on the solution annealing treatment: often this treatment alone does not make it possible to reach the UTS imposed by the ASTM-A494 standard. In this work, the possibility of using stabilization treatment to increase mechanical strength as well was considered. Treatments, with different combinations of time and temperature, were carried out in order to modify the material’s microstructure. After the thermal treatments, microstructural analyses, mechanical tests and (pitting and intergranular) corrosion and resistance tests were carried out to identify optimal treatment parameters in order to promote the evolution of microstructural constituents capable of improving mechanical strength without decreasing corrosion resistance. The treatment that achieves the best compromise between mechanical properties and corrosion resistance is stabilization at 970 °C for 4 h.

Effect of Annealing Treatment on the Structure and Microhardness of Cold-Sprayed Nanostructured FeAl/WC Composite Coating

2008 ◽  
Vol 373-374 ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Tao Wang ◽  
Guan Jun Yang ◽  
Chang Jiu Li ◽  
Cheng Xing Li
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Annealing Time ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Nanocrystalline Structure ◽  
Intermetallic Phases ◽  
Coating Structure ◽  
Intermetallic Composite ◽  
Sprayed Coating ◽  
Sprayed Coatings

Nanostructured FeAl/WC intermetallic composite coatings were prepared by cold spaying of the ball-milled powders. The effect of annealing on the coating structure and microhardness was examined. It was found that the nanocrystalline structure of the milled feedstock was retained in the cold sprayed coatings. The FeAl intermetallic phases were formed from the milled Fe(Al) solid solution during the post-spraying annealing at 550oC. The microhardness of the as-sprayed coating was about 680HV0.1 and it decreased a little with increasing the annealing time at 550oC.

Investigation of Microstructural Changes after Solution Annealing Treatment in a Duplex Stainless Steel

2014 ◽  
Vol 775-776 ◽  
pp. 124-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria E.R. Cronemberger ◽  
Renato de Mendonça ◽  
Sylma Carvalho Maestrelli ◽  
Maria Gabriela Nogueira Campos ◽  
Erika C. Trindade Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Period ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Solution Treatment ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Intermetallic Phases ◽  
Solution Annealing ◽  
Austenitic Phase ◽  
Cooling Rates ◽  
Microstructural Changes ◽  
Period Increase

This work investigates the microstructural changes developed during the solution annealing treatment under different conditions for the steel UNS S31803. The studied material was submitted to solution anneal at 1100°C for 30, 120 and 240 min, followed by cooling in water, air and furnace. The results evaluation was based on micrographic analysis and the results showed the influence of treatment period and cooling rates in distribution and morphology of austenitic phase. It was observed the same morphology of austenitic phase in all treatment conditions, however, the volume fraction of this phase increased with the treatment period increase, and further refinement with lower cooling rates. It was found that the solution treatment by longer period with the lower cooling rate significantly enhanced the intermetallic phases transformation. The intermetallic phases precipitation could be detected when the samples were solution-treated for 120 and 240 min and cooled at furnace.

scholarly journals Effect of Cooling Rate on the Corrosion Behavior of As-Cast SAF 2205 Duplex Stainless Steel After Solution Annealing Treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (suppl 2) ◽  
pp. 138-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Eurenice Rocha Cronemberger ◽  
Sandra Nakamatsu ◽  
Carlos Alberto Della Rovere ◽  
Sebastião Elias Kuri ◽  
Neide Aparecida Mariano
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Duplex Stainless Steel ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Solution Annealing ◽  
2205 Duplex Stainless Steel ◽  
Saf 2205

Duplex Stainless Steel Subjected to Normalized Thermal Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 834 ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Laura Sáenz ◽  
Trino Romero ◽  
Jesús Chavez ◽  
Ruben González ◽  
Abraham Corona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Intermetallic Phases ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Original Condition ◽  
Saf 2205

In the research, the mechanical behavior of duplex stainless steels SAF 2205 and 2507 subjected to Normalized thermal treatments at temperatures at temperatures of 900, 950 and 1000oC for a time of 7 minutes for SAF 2205 and 15 minutes for SAF 2507 were evaluated. It was determined that the mechanical strength increased considerably the higher value was found at 900 °C. It was determined that the KIC values for the normalized conditions of 900 oC and 950oC, reduce strongly in both steels with respect to the original condition. However, it is clearly reflected that for the normalized condition at 1000 °C the KIC is fully recovered, and for the temperature range of 700 °C to 900 °C, the values of impact toughness suffer a drastic decrease, caused by the appearance of intermetallic phases.

scholarly journals Temperature and time effect of thermal aging treatment on microstructure and corrosion resistance of UNS S31803 duplex stainless steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e24910817369
Author(s):  
Isabela Dainezi ◽  
Spyridion Haritos Borges ◽  
Luciola Lucena de Sousa ◽  
Neide Aparecida Mariano
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Sigma Phase ◽  
Aging Treatment ◽  
Time Effect ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Solution Treated ◽  
Cyclic Potentiodynamic Polarization

Duplex stainless steels correspond to a class of steel in which the microstructure is composed basically by the phases ferrite and austenite. Given the metastable character of ferrite, associated phase transformations can occur during thermal treatments, which can lead to a reduction in corrosion resistance. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of the solution-treated at 1100°C for 30min and aging at 500 and 600°C for 1, 3 and 12h, on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of DSS UNS S31803. The steels were characterized by SEM, EDS, XRD, hardness, microhardness and thermal analysis. The steels aged at 500°C for 1h presented the phase alpha line dispersed in the ferrite, and the steels aged at 600°C for 12h presented the phases alpha line, sigma and chi. In the assays of double cycle potentiodynamic reactivation in solution of 0.5M H2SO4 and 0.01M KSNC, it was observed that no sensitization occurred. Furthermore, in the tests of cyclic potentiodynamic polarization, in 3.5% NaCl solution, it was verified that the precipitation of the alpha line phase did not alter corrosion resistance; nevertheless, the sigma phase reduced corrosion resistance.

ALLEGHENY STAINLESS TYPE 405

Alloy Digest ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 34 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Critical Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Ductile Material ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Temperature Performance

Abstract ALLEGHENY STAINLESS Type 405, unlike most other 12% chromium steels, is not subject to appreciable hardening through air cooling from high temperatures. This is an advantageous characteristic in those applications where a soft, ductile material is required after rapid cooling from above the critical temperature. The nonhardening tendency of Type 405 also retards the formation of hardening cracks where welding is employed. Its uses include annealing boxes and baffles where hardening during cooling would be undesirable. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as fracture toughness. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as heat treating and machining. Filing Code: SS-461. Producer or source: Allegheny Ludlum Corporation.

scholarly journals Influence of Shielding Gas on Microstructure and Properties of GMAW DSS2205 Welded Joints

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2671
Author(s):  
Xin-Yu Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Qin Zha ◽  
Ling-Qing Gao ◽  
Peng-Hui Hei ◽  
Yong-Feng Ren
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Welded Joint ◽  
Crystal Defects ◽  
Shielding Gas ◽  
Electrochemical Tests ◽  
Corrosion Resistance Property ◽  
Mechanical Properties And Corrosion ◽  
Ar Gas ◽  
Welded Seam

In the present study, the microstructures and properties of DSS 2205 solid wire MIG welded samples prepared in different shielding gases (pure Ar gas, 98%Ar + 2%O2 and 98%Ar + 2%N2) were investigated for improving the weldability of DSS 2205 welded joint. The work was conducted by mechanical property tests (hardness and tensile test) and corrosion resistance property tests (immersion and electrochemical tests). The results show that adding 2%O2 into pure Ar gas as the shielding gas decreases crystal defects (faults) and improves the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the welded joints. Phase equilibrium and microstructural homogeneity in welded seam (WS) and heat-affected zone (HAZ) can be adjusted and the strength and corrosion resistance of welded joints increased obviously by adding 2%N2 to pure Ar gas as the shielding gas. Compared with DSS 2205 solid wire MIG welding in 98%Ar + 2%O2 mixed atmosphere, the strength and corrosion resistance of welded joints are improved more obviously in 98%Ar + 2%N2 mixed atmosphere.

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