scholarly journals Mechanical Response of Ni-Based CU5MCuC Alloy to Different Stabilization Thermal Treatments

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Gruttadauria ◽  
Silvia Barella ◽  
Claudia Fiocchi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Stabilization Treatment ◽  
Cr System

Abstract The Ni–Fe–Cr system is the basis of a series of commercial alloys featuring chemical–physical characteristics that allow them to be used in a variety of fields where excellent resistance to aggressive environments is required. In this scenario, the CU5MCuC alloy, the foundry counterpart of Alloy 825, is proving successful in the petrochemical field thanks to its good corrosion resistance in acidic and highly oxidizing environments. Intergranular corrosion resistance, critical for this material, is ensured by the stabilization treatment that allows precipitation of Nb carbides. Strengthening of this alloy takes place only via a solid solution. Therefore, its mechanical properties depend on the solution annealing treatment: often this treatment alone does not make it possible to reach the UTS imposed by the ASTM-A494 standard. In this work, the possibility of using stabilization treatment to increase mechanical strength as well was considered. Treatments, with different combinations of time and temperature, were carried out in order to modify the material’s microstructure. After the thermal treatments, microstructural analyses, mechanical tests and (pitting and intergranular) corrosion and resistance tests were carried out to identify optimal treatment parameters in order to promote the evolution of microstructural constituents capable of improving mechanical strength without decreasing corrosion resistance. The treatment that achieves the best compromise between mechanical properties and corrosion resistance is stabilization at 970 °C for 4 h.

ALZ 321

Alloy Digest ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
Heat Treating

Abstract ALZ 321 is an austenitic stainless steel with good cold formability, corrosion resistance, toughness, and mechanical properties. The addition of titanium improves the resistance to intergranular corrosion in welds and slower cooling sections. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, and machining. Filing Code: SS-821. Producer or source: ALZ nv.

NICROFER 4221

Alloy Digest ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Stress Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Pitting Corrosion ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Nickel Chromium

Abstract NICROFER 4221 is a fully austenitic nickel-chromium-iron-molybdenum-copper alloy that is stabilized (against intergranular corrosion) by an addition of titanium. It is resistant to stress-corrosion cracking, pitting corrosion and oxidizing and non-oxidizing hot acids. It has good mechanical properties both at room and at elevated temperatures. It is used in a wide variety of applications up to 540 C (1000 F). This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Ni-283. Producer or source: Vereingte Deutsche Metallwerke AG.

NIROSTA 4318

Alloy Digest ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
Lower Carbon

Abstract NIROSTA 4318 is an austenitic stainless steel with good formability and with high mechanical properties due to the addition of nitrogen. The lower carbon content improves corrosion resistance when considering intergranular corrosion. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on high temperature performance and corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: SS-883. Producer or source: ThyssenKrupp Nirosta GmbH.

Straight versus modular nail: Analysis of mechanical properties two knee arthrodesis methods.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Białecki ◽  
Marcin Para ◽  
Andrzej Sobolewski ◽  
Maciej Kogut ◽  
Paweł Bartosz
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Implant Design ◽  
Knee Arthrodesis ◽  
Femoral Nail ◽  
Clinical Cases

Abstract Background Complications after arthroplasty often result in irreversible disability. In some cases for the extremity to be salvaged, the permanent knee joint arthrodesis is the last-chance procedure. Modular implant design simplifies surgical technique but modularity may potentially compromise mechanical strength of an implant. Mechanical properties of the implant are particularly important in case of knee arthrodesis without bone-on-bone contact where forces during gait and weight bearing are transmitted directly through the nail. The aim of this article was to perform comparative analysis of the mechanical properties of modular nail CHARFIX2 FN, when compared to the femoral nail, used for knee arthrodesis; and to analyze the effectiveness of treatment with use of this nail based on the observations of clinical cases. Methods Comparative analysis of: the static 4-point bending test, dynamic 4-point bending test and static torsion test. All tests were performed in accordance with requirements of ASTM F 1264. A clinical analysis of 5 cases, in which CHARFIX2 FN nails were used, was also performed. Results Based on the results of mechanical tests, the strength characteristics of CHARFIX2 FN nail have been found superior and more advantageous than corresponding features of the standard femoral nail. For CHARFIX2 FN nail, the median for flexural stiffness was almost 4 times higher and for maximum torque value was almost 2 times higher when compared to the femoral nail. Observations of the clinical cases gave satisfactory results. Conclusions The obtained mechanical tests present significant differences between CHARFIX2 FN and the femoral nail in mechanical strength and, therefore, its improved stability and safety for patients during walking. It can be used for permanent knee immobilization with satisfactory clinical results. The functional outcomes and subjective measurements of pain in patients treated with CHARFIX2 FN group are satisfying.

Effect of Solution Annealing Time on the Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Duplex Stainless Steel

2018 ◽  
Vol 930 ◽  
pp. 374-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephania Capellari de Rezende ◽  
Maria Eurenice Rocha Cronemberger ◽  
Rodrigo Silva ◽  
Carlos A. Della Rovere ◽  
Sebastião Elias Kuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Annealing Time ◽  
Annealing Treatment ◽  
Intermetallic Phases ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Solution Annealing ◽  
Electrochemical Tests ◽  
Cyclic Potentiodynamic Polarization ◽  
Saf 2205

The formation of intermetallic phases during thermal treatments is a decisive point for the performance of duplex stainless steels, which may prevent the obtaining or provoke degradation of their properties. This paper presents an investigation on the corrosion resistance of duplex SAF 2205 steel as received and after solution annealing treatment. The objective was to evaluate the correlation between the solution annealing time, the resulting microstructural changes and the corrosion resistance of the steel through electrochemical tests of cyclic potentiodynamic polarization and double-cycle potentiokinetic reactivation (DL-EPR). The heat treatments were performed at 1100° C for 30, 120 and 240 min with subsequent air cooling. The results of the DL-EPR showed that although there was no presence of intermetallic phases even with the absence of intermetallic phases, the solution annealing time influenced the degree of chromium depletion of the samples, so that with the increase of time, there was an increase in the degree of chrome depletion.

The Effect of Heat Treatment and Welding Parameters on the Corrosion Behaviour of a Friction Stir Welded 6056 Aluminium Alloy

2008 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 285-297
Author(s):  
T. Monetta ◽  
M. Montuori ◽  
Antonio Squillace ◽  
Francesco Bellucci
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Welding Parameters ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
Parent Alloy

The current research has assessed the correlation between welding parameters and corrosion behaviour for friction stir welded 6056 aluminium alloy. Different thermal treatments and welding parameters were considered. For the welding parameters studied in this project, the data strongly indicate that sensitivity to corrosion is linked to the welding parameters employed. Substantial differences were found for the higher and lower speed welding parameters, with the lower speed parameters appearantly resulting in less corrosion resistance. The most widespread form of corrosion observed was pitting; however, intergranular corrosion (IGC) was also seen. While the T78 thermal treatment appears to decrease the corrosion resistance of the parent alloy, the weld region tends to improve, with the nugget being cathodic.

scholarly journals Evolution of pitting corrosion resistance and mechanical properties in ultrafine-grained commercially pure aluminium during annealing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Orłowska ◽  
Ewa Ura-Bińczyk ◽  
Bogusława Adamczyk-Cieślak ◽  
Lech Olejnik ◽  
Małgorzata Lewandowska
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Pitting Corrosion ◽  
Pure Aluminium ◽  
Commercially Pure ◽  
Intermetallic Particles ◽  
Pitting Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Ultrafine Grained ◽  
Deformed State

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to determine the evolution of resistance to pitting corrosion and changes in the mechanical properties of ultrafine-grained aluminium during annealing. In contrast to the numerous papers devoted to the topic of the corrosion resistance of severely deformed aluminium alloys, a unique approach has been taken in this study. The size and distribution of the primary intermetallic particles, which are crucial in terms of corrosion resistance, remain constant during annealing. Therefore, the influence of other microstructural features could be investigated and compare with the results of mechanical properties. It was shown that the ultrafine-grained structure of commercially pure aluminium was stable up to 200 °C. Higher annealing temperatures caused significant grain growth and a reduction in dislocation density, which resulted in a drop in mechanical strength. Also, the corrosion resistance slightly decreased, since with an increase in annealing temperature a decrease in the corrosion potential, pit size, and the area damaged by corrosion attack were noted. The best combination of mechanical strength and resistance to pitting corrosion has been achieved for as-deformed state.

Microstructural Aspects by Electron Microscopy Observed in Al-Mg Based Alloys after Special P/M Processes

2007 ◽  
Vol 539-543 ◽  
pp. 446-451
Author(s):  
Waldemar Alfredo Monteiro ◽  
S.J. Buso ◽  
A. Almeida Filho
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Powder Metallurgy ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Cold Work ◽  
Thermal Treatments ◽  
Good Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Sem And Tem ◽  
Eds Microanalysis

In the last decade light materials have been studied thoroughly and used in components of pieces in the automobile, naval and aerospace industries. Their application makes possible mass reduce, load capacity increase, improvement in the mechanical properties when it is possible. Aluminium-magnesium alloys present good mechanical properties at moderate mechanical efforts (400 to 700 MPa) and good corrosion resistance. The alloys in study (Al-2Mg-0.6Zr and Al-2Mg-1Nb) were made by powder metallurgy (P/M) techniques, employing hot compactation and extrusion processes followed by cold work and thermal treatments. The analysis by SEM and TEM shows an evolution in the microstructure of precipitates with the increase of the time of thermal treatment, according to literature. The distribution of the precipitates in both alloys was observed and identified by EDS microanalysis (SEM and TEM).

scholarly journals Effect of Alteration on the Geochemistry and Mechanical Properties of Granite from Pingjiang, Hunan Province, China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minghao Ren ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Zhiquan Huang ◽  
Shanggao Li ◽  
Qi Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Hydrothermal Alteration ◽  
Trace Element Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Hydrothermal Fluids ◽  
Hunan Province ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Mineral Components ◽  
Low Degrees

Abstract The effect of alteration on the geochemistry and mechanical properties of granite from Pingjiang, Hunan Province, China was investigated. Six weathered and 14 hydrothermally altered samples in three footrills (PD2, PD3, and PD4) were collected for mechanical tests and major and trace element analysis. The results show that the relationship between mechanical strength and the degree of alteration, irrespective of whether this is due to weathering or hydrothermal alteration, can be described by an exponential equation. This implies that the mechanical strength decreases rapidly even at low degrees of alteration. Granite Na2O, CaO, K2O, and SiO2 contents were lowered due to weathering, whereas Fe2O3T contents increased significantly due to Fe2+ oxidation. Based on the hypothesis that Al and Zr are immobile during the hydrothermal alteration, the mobility indexes of various elements were calculated for the hydrothermally altered samples. In general, TiO2, K2O, Fe2O3T, Th, Hf, Co, Ni, and V contents were unaffected by hydrothermal alteration; Na2O, Sr, Nd, Sm, and Pb contents were lowered by hydrothermal alteration; and SiO2, Rb, Cr, U, Zn, Mn, and Cs contents were increased due to reactions with the hydrothermal fluids. Even immobile elements, such as Sm, Nd, V, and Cr, were mobilized by high-temperature hydrothermal fluids. To assess the degree of hydrothermal alteration, a new model is required that can account for the effects of the different mineral components.

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