Preparation and Characterization of Spinel-Type Nanocrystalline ZnFe2O4 by Radiation Method

2007 ◽  
Vol 121-123 ◽  
pp. 327-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Li ◽  
Zheng Jiao ◽  
Ming Hong Wu ◽  
Sen Lin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Spinel Type ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Radiation Method ◽  
Electron Beam Radiation ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Structure Morphology

A new electron beam radiation method was developed to prepare spinel-type nanocrystalline ZnFe2O4 at room temperature and ambient pressure, without any kind of catalysts. The structure, morphology and size were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), infrared spectroscopy (IR). The obtained Nanocrystalline ZnFe2O4 particles have Spinel structure, spherical shape morphology and a mean particle size distribution of 20 and 40 nm.

Characterization of Nanostructured Nickel Aluminate Formation during Mechano-Chemical Recycling of Spent NiO/Al2O3 Catalyst

2011 ◽  
Vol 364 ◽  
pp. 186-190
Author(s):  
Karim Nazemi Mohammad ◽  
Saeed Sheibani ◽  
Fereshteh Rashchi ◽  
Victor Gonzalez De La Cruz ◽  
Alfonso Caballero Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Research Use ◽  
Chemical Recycling ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nickel Aluminate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

In this research, use of mechanical alloying method, as a new and effective route for the recycling of spent NiO/Al2O3catalyst to nanostructured nickel aluminate spinel was investigated. Samples were characterized using different techniques such as X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). It was found that the formation of NiAl2O4was started between 15 to 20 hours of milling and completed after 60 hours. The final particles had relatively spherical shape with the size range of 5-50 nm.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Single-Crystalline SnO2Nanowires

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dezhou Wei ◽  
Yanbai Shen ◽  
Mingyang Li ◽  
Wengang Liu ◽  
Shuling Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Ambient Pressure ◽  
Silicon Substrates ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Peak Sensitivity ◽  
The Fourier Transform

Tin oxide (SnO2) nanowires were synthesized on oxidized silicon substrates by thermal evaporation of tin grains at 900°C in Ar flow at ambient pressure. Structural characterization using X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy shows that SnO2nanowires have a single crystal tetragonal structure. Scanning electron microscopy observation demonstrates that SnO2nanowires are 30–200 nm in diameter and several tens of micrometers in length. The surface vibration mode resulting from the nanosize effect at 565.1 cm−1was found from the Fourier transform infrared spectrum. The formation of SnO2nanowires follows a vapour-solid (VS) growth mechanism. The gas sensing measurements indicate that SnO2nanowire gas sensor obtains peak sensitivity at a low operating temperature of 150°C and shows reversible response to H2gas (100–1000 ppm) at an operating temperature of RT-300°C.

Preparation and Characterization of Silver and Gold Nanoparticles and Study Influence on Physical Properties of PVA/PVP nanocomposites

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 4628-4639
Author(s):  
A. M. Abdelghany ◽  
Mahrous. S. Meikhail ◽  
A. A. ALdhabi
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ag Nps ◽  
Au Nps ◽  
Silver And Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Plant Extraction ◽  
Chenopodium Murale ◽  
Transmission Electron

Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) ware prepared by “green” synthesis extraction using the Chenopodium murale leaf extract, the obtained (Ag NPs and Au NPs) were investigated by UV/Vis. absorption spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Zetasizer, XRD. The plant extraction leads to produce nanoparticles of spherical shape with size range from 4 to 22 nm. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyvinyl Pyrolidone (PVP) blend with mixed silver and gold nanoparticles were prepared by casting method. Amorphous feather of doping polymers blend was characterized by X-ray diffraction. Significant changes within the polymer matrix were monitored from infrared spectroscopy which indicates the interaction between polymer blend and mixed nanoparticles. Both indirect and direct optical energy gaps are calculated and discussed.

Preparation and Characterization of Nickel Nanopowder for Conductive Pastes

2011 ◽  
Vol 347-353 ◽  
pp. 3485-3488
Author(s):  
Hui Ru Qin ◽  
Ji Min Xie ◽  
Jun Jie Jing ◽  
Wen Hua Li ◽  
Zhi Feng Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hydrazine Hydrate ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Nickel Acetate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Phase Reduction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Nickel Particles ◽  
Nickel Nanopowder

In this paper, nickel nanopowder was prepared by liquid phase reduction method, where nickel acetate and hydrazine hydrate was used as nickel source and reducing agent, respectively. The resulting Ni nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that nickel acetate can be effectively reduced by hydrazine hydrate. The as-prepared nickel nanoparticles are in spherical shape, with size ranging from 100 to 200nm and good dispersion. By changing the reaction conditions, the morphology and size of nickel particles can be controlled. The synthesized nickel nanopowders meet the general requirements of nickel powder that would be used for conductive paste, which can be prepared for nickel-based conductive paste. This method has some advantages such as inexpensive, non-pollution to environment; it can be used for industry.

Synthesis and Characterization of TiO2 Nanoparticles via Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) Method

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Shokuhfar ◽  
Amir Hassanjani-Roshan ◽  
Mohammad Reza Vaezi ◽  
S.M. Kazemzadeh ◽  
A. Esmaielzadeh Kandjani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Bath Deposition ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
The Other ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Production Methods ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Processing Cost ◽  
Cbd Method

Nowadays, different production methods of nanoparticles have been developed. Among novel wet-chemical processes, the Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) method is used to synthesize nanoparticles more easily than the other method. In this investigation, titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were synthesized by the Chemical Bath Deposition (CBD) method. Tetraisopropyl titanate (C12H28O4Ti), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and ethanol were used as initial materials. Appropriate solvents were used for preparation of samples. CBD process was carried out at 50°C for 90 min and the obtained materials washed and then dried at room temperature for 48 hrs. For determining particle size and evaluation of morphological characteristics, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used. The TEM observation indicated that the average particles size of powder is about 10-30 nm and the shape of product is semi-spherical shape. The final results present that the CBD method is more suitable than the other process because of it showing a low processing cost and fine powders.

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

scholarly journals Hydrothermal Synthesis, Characterization and Exploration of Photocatalytic Activities of Polyoxometalate: Ni-CoWO4 Nanoparticles

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 456
Author(s):  
Fahad A. Alharthi ◽  
Hamdah S. Alanazi ◽  
Amjad Abdullah Alsyahi ◽  
Naushad Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hydrothermal Synthesis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Structure Morphology ◽  
Photocatalytic Activities ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Photocatalytic Reactions ◽  
Cobalt Tungstate

This study demonstrated the hydrothermal synthesis of bimetallic nickel-cobalt tungstate nanostructures, Ni-CoWO4 (NCW-NPs), and their phase structure, morphology, porosity, and optical properties were examined using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning electron microscopy- energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), high resolution Transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Raman instruments. It was found that as-calcined NCW-NPs have a monoclinic phase with crystal size ~50–60 nm and is mesoporous. It possessed smooth, spherical, and cubic shape microstructures with defined fringe distance (~0.342 nm). The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) and rose bengal (RB) dye in the presence of NCW-NPs was evaluated, and about 49.85% of MB in 150 min and 92.28% of RB in 90 min degraded under visible light. In addition, based on the scavenger’s study, the mechanism for photocatalytic reactions is proposed.

Physical Properties Of Single-Phase Skutterudite Thin-Films (CoSb3 and IrSb3)

1998 ◽  
Vol 545 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Caylor ◽  
A. M. Stacy ◽  
T. Sands ◽  
R. Gronsky
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Substrate Temperature ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Adhesion Properties ◽  
Rutherford Back Scattering ◽  
Phonon Component ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Structure Morphology ◽  
High Vapor

AbstractBulk skutterudite phases based on the CoAs3 structure have yielded compositions with a high thermoelectric figure-of-merit (“ZT”) through the use of doping and substitutional alloying. It is postulated that further enhancements in ZT may be attained in artificially structured skutterudites by engineering the microstructure to enhance carrier mobility while suppressing the phonon component of the thermal conductivity. In this work the growth and properties of singlephase CoSb3 and IrSb3 skutterudite thin films are reported. The films are synthesized by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) where the crystallinity can be controlled by the deposition temperature. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Rutherford- Back Scattering (RBS) were used to probe phase, structure, morphology and stoichiometry of the films as functions of growth parameters and substrate type. A substrate temperature of 250°C was found to be optimal for the deposition of the skutterudites from stoichiometric targets. Above this temperature the film is depleted of antimony due to its high vapor pressure eventually reaching a composition where the skutterudite structure is no longer stable. However, when films are grown from antimony-rich targets the substrate temperature can be increased to at least 350°C while maintaining the skutterudite phase. In addition, adhesion properties of the films are explored in terms of the growth mode and substrate interaction. Finally, preliminary room temperature electrical and thermal measurements are reported.

Detonation Synthesis of Nano-Size Materials

1995 ◽  
Vol 418 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Forbes ◽  
J. Davis ◽  
C. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Detonation Synthesis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Nano Size

AbstractThe detonation of explosives typically creates 100's of kbar pressures and 1000's K temperatures. These pressures and temperatures last for only a fraction of a microsecond as the products expand. Nucleation and growth of crystalline materials can occur under these conditions. Recovery of these materials is difficult but can occur in some circumstances. This paper describes the detonation synthesis facility, recovery of nano-size diamond, and plans to synthesize other nano-size materials by modifying the chemical composition of explosive compounds. The characterization of nano-size diamonds by transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction, X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy will also be reported.

One Step Synthesis and Characterization of Zirconia-Graphene Composites

2012 ◽  
Vol 600 ◽  
pp. 174-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Fei Xia ◽  
Zong Hua Wang ◽  
Yan Zhi Xia ◽  
Fei Fei Zhang ◽  
Fu Qiang Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Graphene Composite ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
One Step ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Xrd Techniques

Zirconia-graphene composite (ZrO2-G) has been successfully synthesized via decomposition of ZrOCl2•6H2O in a water-isopropanol system with dispersed graphene oxide (GO) utilizing Na2S as a precursor could enable the occurrence of the deposition of Zr4+ and the deoxygenation of GO at the same time. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were used to characterize the samples. It was found that graphene were fully coated with ZrO2, and the ZrO2 existing in tetragonal phase, which resulted in the formation of two-dimensional composite.

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