172 nm Excimer Radiation as a Technology Accelerator for Bio-Electronic Applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 255 ◽  
pp. 366-372
Author(s):  
Andreas Schäfert ◽  
Hartwig Wiesmann
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Bonding Strength ◽  
Negative Charge ◽  
Surface Activation ◽  
Static Electricity ◽  
Material Combination ◽  
Applied Dose

The publication reviews recent applications of 172nm excimer radiation in bio-electric fields. It shows the broad field which already profit from the technology and also illustrates possible potentials. The principle of erasing static electricity from polyimide surfaces is explained as one application. The effect as a function of the dose is presented both for positive and negative charge and typical materials.In addition the VUV cleaning mechanism with 172nm excimer radiation is demonstrated by the mass spectroscopy of contaminations on the surface of a Si wafer.Surface energy changes of polyamides, glass and metal as a function of dose are presented as well as the change of the contact angle of water on the surface.Another application of surface energy enhancement is the polymer microchip production. Due to the surface activation, the bonding strength for the PMMA-Si combination is significantly enhanced. The results are presented in comparison to other surface treatment methods.Another presented application which profits from the surface activation is adhesive-free coupling. The mechanism of this application is explained and the adhesion strength as a function of material combination is presented. For 2 typical applications, the bonding strength is shown as a function of applied dose. A glance at other applications and an outlook is given as well.

scholarly journals Functionalized Surface Layer on Poplar Wood Fabricated by Fire Retardant and Thermal Densification. Part 2: Dynamic Wettability and Bonding Strength

Forests ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 982 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demiao Chu ◽  
Jun Mu ◽  
Stavros Avramidis ◽  
Sohrab Rahimi ◽  
Shengquan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Bonding Strength ◽  
Sessile Drop ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Tangential Section ◽  
Droplet Volume

In continuation of our former study on a novel combined treatment of nitrogen–phosphorus fire retardant and thermomechanical densification on wood, this study focuses on the dynamic wettability and the bonding strength. The contact angle was measured using the sessile drop method and the surface energy was calculated according to the van Oss method. Water surface penetrating and spreading is analyzed by both the Shi and Gardner model and the droplet volume changing model. The results reveal that the combined treatment increased the surface energy, especially the acid–base component. The contact angle declined and the water droplet spread more easily on the surface. Meanwhile, the rate of relative droplet volume decreased by 32.6% because the surface layer was densified and stabilized by the combined process. Additionally, the surface possesses the lowest roughness and highest abrasion resistance on the tangential section. Thus, the bonding strength of the combined treated poplar decreased by 29.7% compared to that of untreated poplar; however, it is still 53.3% higher than that of 220 °C heat-treated wood.

Comparison between Tribological Characteristics of Al-Cu-Fe-B Quasicrystalline and Mo Coatings

2007 ◽  
Vol 26-28 ◽  
pp. 715-718
Author(s):  
Bong Hwan Kim ◽  
Sang Mok Lee
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Bonding Strength ◽  
Tribological Behavior ◽  
Thermal Spraying ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Flame Spraying ◽  
Energy Calculation ◽  
Air Plasma ◽  
Oxygen Fuel

Al-Cu-Fe-B quasicrystalline and Mo coatings were obtained on the mild steel and brass substrates by thermal spraying routes for the purpose of replacement of Mo coatings with quasicrystalline ones. Quasicrystalline coatings were prepared by air plasma spraying and/or HVOF (High Velocity Oxygen Fuel) techniques followed by subsequent heat treatment, and Mo coatings, wire flame spraying. For comparative studies of important properties for industrial application, mechanical properties, bonding strength, surface energy, and tribological behavior were investigated based on microstructural characterization. Basic mechanical properties such as hardness, fracture toughness, and elastic modulus of quasicrystalline coating showed comparable values with those of Mo coatings. De-bonding tests of coatings deposited onto brass substrate indicated that the bonding strength of quasicrystalline coatings obtained by HVOF techniques exhibit higher value to Mo coatings. Non-sticking property analogized from surface energy calculation and friction coefficient of quasicrystalline coatings also showed better performance during the tests. It is suggested from this investigation that the quasicrystalline coating can be effectively used as a replacement of the Mo coating, which has shown a recent steep price rise and problems of accidental existence of minor environment harmful elements such as Cr6+, Pb, Cd, and Hg.

Comparative Study of Surface Energies of Native Oxides of Si(100) and Si(111) via Three Liquid Contact Angle Analysis

MRS Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (57-58) ◽  
pp. 3379-3390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saaketh R. Narayan ◽  
Jack M. Day ◽  
Harshini L. Thinakaran ◽  
Nicole Herbots ◽  
Michelle E. Bertram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Sessile Drop ◽  
Surface Composition ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Van Der Waals Interactions ◽  
Native Oxides ◽  
Relative Errors ◽  
Contact Angle Analysis

ABSTRACTThe effects of crystal orientation and doping on the surface energy, γT, of native oxides of Si(100) and Si(111) are measured via Three Liquid Contact Angle Analysis (3LCAA) to extract γT, while Ion Beam Analysis (IBA) is used to detect Oxygen. During 3LCAA, contact angles for three liquids are measured with photographs via the “Drop and Reflection Operative Program (DROP™). DROP™ removes subjectivity in image analysis, and yields reproducible contact angles within < ±1°. Unlike to the Sessile Drop Method, DROP can yield relative errors < 3% on sets of 20-30 drops. Native oxides on 5 x 1013 B/cm3 p- doped Si(100) wafers, as received in sealed, 25 wafer teflon boats continuously stored in Class 100/ISO 5 conditions at 24.5°C in 25% controlled humidity, are found to be hydrophilic. Their γT, 52.5 ± 1.5 mJ/m2, is reproducible between four boats from three sources, and 9% greater than γT of native oxides on n- doped Si(111), which averages 48.1 ± 1.6 mJ/m2 on four 4” Si(111) wafers. IBA combining 16O nuclear resonance with channeling detects 30% more oxygen on native oxides of Si(111) than Si(100). While γT should increase on thinner, more defective oxides, Lifshitz-Van der Waals interactions γLW on native oxides of Si(100) remain at 36 ± 0.4 mJ/m2, equal to γLW on Si(111), 36 ± 0.6 mJ/m2, since γLW arises from the same SiO2 molecules. Native oxides on 4.5 x 1018 B/cm3 p+ doped Si(100) yield a γT of 39 ± 1 mJ/m2, as they are thicker per IBA. In summary, 3LCAA and IBA can detect reproducibly and accurately, within a few %, changes in the surface energy of native oxides due to thickness and surface composition arising from doping or crystal structure, if conducted in well controlled clean room conditions for measurements and storage.

Addition of Cellulose Nanofibers to Control Surface Roughness for Hydrophobic Ceramic Coatings

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 4492-4497
Author(s):  
Eun Ae Shin ◽  
Gye Hyeon Kim ◽  
Jeyoung Jung ◽  
Sang Bong Lee ◽  
Chang Kee Lee
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Water Contact Angle ◽  
Ceramic Coating ◽  
Cellulose Nanofibers ◽  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Coating Material ◽  
Textured Surface ◽  
Water Contact

Hydrophobic ceramic coatings are used for a variety of applications. Generally, hydrophobic coating surfaces are obtained by reducing the surface energy of the coating material or by forming a highly textured surface. Reducing the surface energy of the coating material requires additional costs and processing and changes the surface properties of the ceramic coating. In this study, we introduce a simple method to improve the hydrophobicity of ceramic coatings by implementing a textured surface without chemical modification of the surface. The ceramic coating solution was first prepared by adding cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) and then applied to a polypropylene (PP) substrate. The surface roughness increased as the amount of added CNFs increased, increasing the water contact angle of the surface. When the amount of CNFs added was corresponding to 10% of the solid content, the surface roughness average of the area was 43.8 μm. This is an increase of approximately 140% from 3.1 μm (the value of the surface roughness of the surface without added CNFs). In addition, the water contact angle of the coating with added CNF increased to 145.0°, which was 46% higher than that without the CNFs. The hydrophobicity of ceramic coatings with added CNFs was better because of changes in the surface topography. After coating and drying, the CNFs randomly accumulated inside the ceramic coating layer, forming a textured surface. Thus, hydrophobicity was improved by implementing a rugged ceramic surface without revealing the surface of the CNFs inside the ceramic layer.

scholarly journals Capillary Flows of Nematic Liquid Crystal

Crystals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1029
Author(s):  
Dina V. Shmeliova ◽  
Sergey V. Pasechnik ◽  
Semen S. Kharlamov ◽  
Alexandre V. Zakharov ◽  
Eugeny P. Pozhidaev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Nematic Liquid Crystal ◽  
Electric Fields ◽  
Capillary Flow ◽  
Capillary Rise ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Treatment Technique ◽  
Photo Alignment ◽  
Wetting Process

In this paper we report the new experimental results on the rise of a liquid crystal in flat capillaries with inner photosensitive surfaces. The capillaries with different surface orientations were prepared by the use of the photo-alignment technique. Such a surface treatment makes it possible to eliminate the noncontrollable influence of a nanorelief on the wetting process, which takes place in the rubbing treatment technique previously used in similar experiments. The dynamics of the capillary rise of a nematic liquid crystal 5CB (4-cyano-4′-pentylbiphenyl) in vertical plane capillaries with photo-aligned substrates were studied for the first time. It was found that the stationary value of a contact angle weakly depends on the direction of a planar surface orientation relative to the direction of a capillary rise. It has been shown that the application of strong electric fields resulted in a decreasing of the contact angle. The results, obtained for the nematic liquid crystal, are compared with the results of an investigation of the capillary flow in a shock-free ferroelectric smectic phase.

New method for determining paper surface energy per contact angle

Cellulose ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (17) ◽  
pp. 9295-9309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind El Omari ◽  
El-houssaine Ablouh ◽  
François Brouillette ◽  
Moha Taourirte ◽  
Ahmed Belfkira
Keyword(s):  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
New Method ◽  
Paper Surface

Influence of argon plasma treatment on carbon fibre reinforced high performance thermoplastic composite

2020 ◽  
pp. 095400832095706
Author(s):  
Jennifer Vinodhini ◽  
K Sudheendra ◽  
Meera Balachandran ◽  
Shantanu Bhowmik
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Carbon Fibre ◽  
Plasma Treatment ◽  
Dynamic Contact Angle ◽  
Argon Plasma ◽  
Dynamic Contact ◽  
Resin Matrix ◽  
Surface Modified

This investigation highlights argon plasma treatment on Poly-aryl-ether-ketone (PAEK) and carbon fibre (CF) surface. The PAEK and CF surface is modified for 300 sec and the change in physiochemical and mechanical properties were investigated through Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Dynamic Contact angle, Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and Tensile Test. FTIR of surface modified PAEK revealed the stretching of C-H, C=C and C=O functional groups. A reversal phenomenon of increased surface energy was observed through dynamic contact angle study of CF and to further examine the surface energy effect, AFM analysis on CF was carried out revealing increased roughness with numerous micro dents formation. PAEK/CF composite samples were fabricated through compression moulding technique. The change in mechanical properties due to surface modification were analysed through Tensile testing on surface modified PAEK/CF sample and untreated PAEK/CF samples. The surface treated PAEK/CF showed increased tensile strength than untreated PAEK/CF. The argon plasma treatment helped in creating depth striations that lead to better interlocking of resin matrix with the reinforced CF. The fracture surface was examined through Filed Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FE-SEM) wherein the Micrographs of the tensile tested samples indicated failure of composite due to fibre breakage.

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