Discrete Oxidation of a Hard Carbide Tool

2021 ◽  
Vol 316 ◽  
pp. 777-782
Author(s):  
Elena A. Chekalova ◽  
A.V. Zhuravlev
Keyword(s):  
Surface Hardening ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Uniform Structure ◽  
Complex Profile ◽  
Plasma Technology ◽  
Oxidation Layer ◽  
Ion Plasma ◽  
Discrete Surface ◽  
Oxidation Technology

Comparative investigations of the effect of discrete surface hardening by standard ion-plasma technology and discrete oxidation technology on the structure and hardness of high-speed steels are carried out. It is shown that, after hardening in the ion-plasma installation on the surface and in the thickness of the layer, droplet-shaped defects, craters and bundles are formed. Metallographic studies showed that the hardened discrete oxidation layer after repeated hardening has a dense, uniform structure. It has been established that the discrete oxidation technology allows to increase the wear resistance of a complex-profile cutting tool 2 times more, compared to a tool hardened by standard ion-plasma technology after regrinding.

scholarly journals Increased Wear Resistance of High-Speed Tools Due to Diffusion Discrete Oxidation

2021 ◽  
Vol 346 ◽  
pp. 02014
Author(s):  
Elena A. Chekalova ◽  
Andrey V. Zhuravlev
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Surface Hardening ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Plasma Technology ◽  
Polycrystalline Structure ◽  
Ion Plasma ◽  
Discrete Surface ◽  
Oxidation Technology

Comparative studies of the effect of discrete surface hardening by standard ion-plasma technology and discrete oxidation technology on wear resistance have been carried out. Metallographic studies have shown that discrete oxidation has a polycrystalline structure. It was found that the technology of discrete oxidation makes it possible to increase the hardness by 31% in relation to the uncoated material, and the wear resistance of the cutting tool with oxidation is 1.5-3 times higher than that of the tool hardened by the standard ion-plasma technology.

Structure and Properties of a Local Diffusion Discrete Coating Applied to High Speed Steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 1037 ◽  
pp. 435-441
Author(s):  
Elena A. Chekalova ◽  
A.V. Zhuravlev
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Oxide Coating ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Plasma Technology ◽  
Ion Plasma ◽  
Local Diffusion

Investigations of metallographic and mechanical properties of local diffusion discrete oxide coating on high-speed steel Р6М5 have been carried out. It was found that the technology of discrete oxidation makes it possible to increase the hardness by 31% in relation to the uncoated material, and the wear resistance of the cutting tool with oxidation is 1.5-3 times higher than that of the tool hardened by the standard ion-plasma technology.

scholarly journals The influence of duplex vacuum-plasma treatment on the mechanics of complex-profile cutting tool wearing in the production of aircraft engine parts

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeriy Kuzin ◽  
Vladimir Gurin ◽  
Alexander Shein ◽  
Anastasiya Kochetkova ◽  
Mariya Mikhailova
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Complex Profile ◽  
Ion Nitriding ◽  
Vacuum Plasma ◽  
Processing Modes ◽  
Nickel Based Alloy ◽  
Gear Shaping

The paper presents a series of experimental results for assessing the effect of duplex vacuum-plasma processing as sequential ion nitriding and coating (Nb–Ti–Al–V) N on the characteristics of the surface layer and the wear rate of complex profile tools as herringbone broaches and gear-shaping cutters from high-speed steels powder during machining a heat-resistant nickel-based alloy. The rational duplex processing modes for each type of multi-profile cutting tool under investigation were established. Tests of the tool after duplex processing under conditions close to those encountered in production showed an increase in the operational durability of herringbone broaches and gear-shaping cutters up to two times in comparison with the original tool.

scholarly journals Strengthening the Surface Layer of Tools with State-of-the-Art Technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-102
Author(s):  
K. O. Kostyk ◽  
V. O. Kostyk ◽  
V. D. Kovalev
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Surface Hardening ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Surface Condition ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Boride Layer ◽  
Hard Alloys

Increasing both the service life and the wear resistance of the tool by surface hardening is an urgent issue. Its solution contributes to a significant increase in the performance of products. Available methods of surface hardening of tools, based on coating or changing the surface condition, are becoming increasingly important due to the complexity of the operation of products. Plates made of the T5K10 (85%WC–6%TiC–9%Co) and T15K6 (79%WC–15%TiC–6%Co) hard alloys as well as cylindrical samples made of the W6Mo5Cr4V2 and W18Cr4V high-speed steels are used for the study. Studies have shown that, after processing the T15K6 alloy plates with a pulsed magnetic field, the cutting tool life improved by more than 200% as compared to the untreated ones. The proposed method will increase the strength of carbide plates and stabilize the physical and mechanical properties of the cutting tool. For tools made of alloy steels, the hardening treatment is carried out by the boron method in pastes with nanodisperse powders. As shown, the thickness of the boride layer for high-speed steels increases with the duration of the process; however, its growth rate depends on the composition of the steel. An increase in the holding time of the chemical and thermal treatment leads to the growth of boride layers. The layer thickness changes quadratically (as a second-degree polynomial) with duration time. A feature of formation of diffusion layers is revealed. The dependences of both the surface hardness and the thickness of boride layer on the borating time for high-speed steels are also shown. Studies have shown that boriding in a nanodisperse medium can significantly increase the wear resistance of steels. The method of expert assessments of the maximum values of the surface properties of the studied steels is carried out. As shown, it is more rational to use W6Mo5Cr4V2 steel as a cutting tool after hardening the surface layer by boriding in a nanodisperse boron-containing powder. The proposed processing method demonstrates the prospects of using it to improve the performance of products. In addition, this method of hardening can significantly increase the wear resistance of materials (by ≈3.38–3.75 times) as compared to steels without processing.

TATMO V-N

Alloy Digest ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
High Hardness ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Nitrogen Addition ◽  
Aisi Type ◽  
End Mills ◽  
Red Hardness ◽  
Edge Toughness

Abstract TATMO V-N is an AISI Type M7 high-speed steel modified by alloy balancing and a nitrogen addition to develop superior hardness response in heat treatment. It is an excellent grade for many cutting-tool applications requiring an optimum balance of red hardness, edge toughness and wear resistance, such as drills, taps, end mills, reamers and milling cutters. Its combination of outstanding properties and high hardness makes Tatmo V-N a logical alternate for cobalt high-speed steels in many cutting-tool applications. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and surface treatment. Filing Code: TS-452. Producer or source: Latrobe Steel Company.

Hard Nano-Crystalline Coatings for Cutting Tools

2007 ◽  
Vol 567-568 ◽  
pp. 185-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Piska
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Metal Cutting ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Dry Cutting ◽  
Nano Crystalline ◽  
The Right ◽  
Machining Productivity ◽  
Hard Cutting ◽  
Cutting Tool Materials

Modern trends in metal cutting, high speed/feed machining, dry cutting and hard cutting set more demanding characteristics for cutting tool materials. The exposed parts of the cutting edges must be protected against the severe loading conditions and wear. The most significant coatings methods for cutting tools are PVD and CVD/MTCVD today. The choice of the right substrate or the right protective coating in the specific machining operation can have serious impact on machining productivity and economy. In many cases the deposition of the cutting tool with a hard coating increases considerably its cutting performance and tool life. The coating protects the tool against abrasion, adhesion, diffusion, formation of comb cracks and other wear phenomena.

High-Speed Capturing of Stress Distribution of Workpiece under Ultrasonically Assisted Cutting Condition

2014 ◽  
Vol 1017 ◽  
pp. 747-752
Author(s):  
Hiromi Isobe ◽  
Keisuke Hara
Keyword(s):  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Cutting Force ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Light Emission ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Cutting Condition ◽  
Photoelastic Method ◽  
Intermittent Cutting ◽  
Ultrasonic Vibration Cutting

This paper reports the stress distribution inside the workpiece under ultrasonic vibration cutting (UVC) condition. Many researchers have reported the improvement of tool wear, burr generation and surface integrity by reduction of time-averaged cutting force under UVC condition. However general dynamometers have an insufficient frequency band to observe the processing phenomena caused by UVC. In this paper, stress distribution inside the workpiece during UVC was observed by combining the flash light emission synchronized with ultrasonically vibrating cutting tool and the photoelastic method. Instantaneous stress distribution during UVC condition was observed. Because UVC induced an intermittent cutting condition, the stress distribution changed periodically and disappeared when the tool leaved from the workpiece. It was found that instantaneous maximum cutting force during UVC condition was smaller than quasi-static cutting force during conventional cutting when the cutting speed was less than 500 mm/min.

Discrete Element Simulation of the Stress Wave in High Speed Milling

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifei Jiang ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Yong He ◽  
Hongguang Liu ◽  
Afaque Rafique Memon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Discrete Element ◽  
Rake Angle ◽  
Stress Waves ◽  
High Speed Milling ◽  
Element Simulation ◽  
Chip Size ◽  
Distribution Of Stress

As cutting tool penetrates into workpiece, stress waves is induced and propagates in the workpiece. This paper aims to propose a two-dimensional discrete element method to analyze the stress waves effects during high speed milling. The dependence of the stress waves propagation characteristics on rake angle and cutting speed was studied. The simulation results show that the energy distribution of stress waves is more concentrated near the tool tip as the rake angle or the cutting speed increases. In addition, the density of initial cracks in the workpiece near the cutting tool increases when the cutting speed is higher. The high speed milling experiments indicate that the chip size decreases as the cutting speed increases, which is just qualitatively consistent with the simulation.

The Ledge Tool: A New Cutting Tool Insert

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Komanduri ◽  
M. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Face Milling ◽  
Cemented Carbide ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Peripheral Milling ◽  
Cemented Carbide Tool ◽  
Edge Wear

The salient features of a simple, wear-tolerant cemented carbide tool are described. Results are presented for high-speed machining (3 to 5 times the conventional speeds) of titanium alloys in turning and face milling. This tool, termed the ledge cutting tool, has a thin (0.015 to 0.050 in.) ledge which overhangs a small distance (0.015 to 0.060 in.) equal to the depth of cut desired. Such a design permits only a limited amount of flank wear (determined by the thickness of the ledge) but continues to perform for a long period of time as a result of wear-back of the ledge. Under optimum conditions, the wear-back occurs predominantly by microchipping. Because of geometric restrictions, the ledge tool is applicable only to straight cuts in turning, facing, and boring, and to face milling and some peripheral milling. Also, the maximum depth of cut is somewhat limited by the ledge configuration. In turning, cutting time on titanium alloys can be as long as ≈ 30 min. or more, and metal removal of ≈ 60 in.3 can be achieved on a single edge. Wear-back rates in face milling are about 2 to 3 times higher than in straight turning. The higher rates are attributed here to the interrupted nature of cutting in milling. Use of a grade of cemented carbide (e.g., C1 Grade) which is too tough or has too thick a ledge for a given application leads to excessive forces which can cause gross chipping of the ledge (rapid wear) and/or excessive deflection of the cutting tool with reduced depth of cut. Selection of a proper grade of carbide (e.g., Grades C2, C3, C4) for a given application results in uniform, low wear-back caused by microchipping. Because of the end cutting edge angle (though small, ≈ 1 deg) used, the ledge tool can generate a slight taper on very long parts; hence an N.C. tool offset may be necessary to compensate for wear-back. The ledge tool is found to give excellent finish (1 to 3 μm) in both turning and face milling. In general, conventional tooling with slight modifications can be used for ledge machining. The ledge tool can also be used for machining cast iron at very high speeds.

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