A Twistable Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite Artificial Muscle for Marine Applications

2011 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwang J. Kim ◽  
David Pugal ◽  
Kam K. Leang
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Large Strain ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Driving Voltage ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Ionic Polymer Metal Composite ◽  
External Stimulation ◽  
Ionic Polymer ◽  
Electromechanical Transduction ◽  
Polymer Metal

AbstractIonic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) artificial muscles (AMs), due to their low driving voltage (<5 V), large strain, soft and flexible structure, and ability to operate in an aqueous environment, are suited for creating artificial fish-like propulsors that can mimic the undulatory, flapping, and complex motions of fish fins. Herein, a newly developed IPMC AM fin with patterned electrodes is introduced for realizing multiple degrees-of-freedom motion, such as bending and twisting. Also, by carefully creating isolated patterns of electrodes on the surface of the polymer-metal composite, sections of the composite can function as an actuator, while other areas can be used for sensing fin deformation and responses to external stimulation. The manufacturing, modeling, and characterization of a twistable AM fin are discussed. The sectored electrode pattern on the AM fin is created using two techniques: masking and surface machining. Using first principles, detailed models are developed to describe the electromechanical transduction for the IPMC AM fin. These models can be used to guide the development of more complex AM fin geometries and electrode patterns. The bending and twisting performance of a prototype twistable AM fin is evaluated and compared to the models. Experimental results demonstrate good twisting response for a prototype fin. Technical design challenges and performance limitations are also discussed.

Development of the Bending Actuator with Nafion-Pt IPMC Tube

2015 ◽  
Vol 1119 ◽  
pp. 251-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Le Quang Nhat ◽  
Nguyen Truong Thinh
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Driving Voltage ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Ionic Polymer Metal Composite ◽  
Tube Surface ◽  
Promising Candidate ◽  
Ionic Polymer ◽  
Bending Actuator ◽  
Wet Condition ◽  
Polymer Metal

IPMC (Ionic Polymer Metal Composite) is promising candidate actuator for bio-related applications mainly due to its biocompatibility, soft properties and operation in wet condition. In this paper, a new actuator will be presented. The tubular actuator, based on the concept of tip-displacement of IPMC actuator and capable of generating bending of tube with surface outside electrodes, was proposed and studied experimentally. The actuator is a Nafion tube consisting of an even number of Pt segments along the length, which are plated outside of tube surface, and the Pt segments act as electrodes to apply the driving voltage. The experimental data measured on prototype actuators prove the proposed concept of bending depend on the shape of Nafion. Show that the actuator functions well both displacement and force.

Investigation on a Linear Actuator Using an Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite

2013 ◽  
Vol 461 ◽  
pp. 358-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao Lei Wang ◽  
Min Yu ◽  
Qing Song He ◽  
Jie Ru ◽  
Zhen Dong Dai
Keyword(s):  
Linear Actuator ◽  
Driving Voltage ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Ionic Polymer Metal Composite ◽  
Test Apparatus ◽  
Ionic Polymer ◽  
Output Displacement ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Polymer Metal

Ionic polymer-metal composite (IPMC) is a new kind of electroactive polymer with the advantages of low driving voltage and large bend, which has shown great potential for practical applications. In this paper, IPMC was fabricated by casting and electroless plating. Using the as-fabricated IPMC, a linear actuator was designed to transform bending motion of a cantilever IPMC into straight line motion. The linear actuator's output displacement and blocking force were investigated on a test apparatus. The results showed that the mechanism design for the linear actuator was feasible.

From modeling to implementation of a method for restraining back relaxation in ionic polymer–metal composite soft actuators

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (15) ◽  
pp. 3124-3135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Annabestani ◽  
Nadia Naghavi ◽  
Mohammad Maymandi-Nejad
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Effect ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Specific Pattern ◽  
Driving Voltage ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Ionic Polymer Metal Composite ◽  
Metal Composites ◽  
Ionic Polymer Metal Composites ◽  
Ionic Polymer ◽  
Polymer Metal

Ionic polymer–metal composites are an emerging kind of electroactive polymer actuators, which can bend in response to a relatively low driving voltage. However, to enhance the actuation performance of ionic polymer–metal composites, some of their drawbacks should be considered. One of the most important drawbacks is “back relaxation.” The so-called back relaxation effect means, when a step input voltage is applied to the ionic polymer–metal composite, the conventional bending displacement toward the anode is followed by an unwanted and slow back relaxation toward the cathode. Control-based methods for restraining the ionic polymer–metal composite back relaxation effect are feedback-based schemes which apply significant constraints to dominant applications of ionic polymer–metal composite actuators especially in biomedical applications. In this article, we present an entirely scientific-based mathematical modeling to achieve a practical method for restraining the back relaxation effect in Nafion-based ionic polymer–metal composites, relying on creating a specific pattern on Pt layers of the ionic polymer–metal composites and applying a local Gaussian disturbance to this patterned ionic polymer–metal composites.

Sulfonated polystyrene-based ionic polymer–metal composite (IPMC) actuator

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Luqman ◽  
Jang-Woo Lee ◽  
Kwang-Kil Moon ◽  
Young-Tai Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Metal Composite ◽  
Ionic Polymer Metal Composite ◽  
Sulfonated Polystyrene ◽  
Ionic Polymer ◽  
Polymer Metal

Biomimetic Applications of Ionic Polymer Metal Composites (IPMC) Actuators - A Critical Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Farid ◽  
Zhao Gang ◽  
Tran Linh Khuong ◽  
Zhuang Zhi Sun ◽  
Naveed Ur Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Review ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Metal Composite ◽  
Ionic Polymer Metal Composite ◽  
Metal Composites ◽  
Ionic Polymer Metal Composites ◽  
Ionic Polymer ◽  
Design And Manufacturing ◽  
Polymer Metal ◽  
Biomedical Field

Biomimetic is the field of engineering in which biological creatures and their functions are investigated and are used as the basis for the design and manufacturing of machines. Ionic Polymer Metal Composite (IPMC) is a smart material which has demonstrated a meaningful bending and tip force after the application of a low voltage. It is light-weighted, flexible, easily actuated, multi-directional applicable and requires simple manufacturing. Resultantly, IPMC has attracted scientists and researchers to analyze it further and consider it for any industrial and biomimetic applications. Presently, the research on IPMC is bi-directional oriented. A few groups of researchers are busy to find out the causes for the weaknesses of the material and to find out any remedy for them. The second class of scientists is exploring new areas of applications where IPMC material can be used. Although, the application zone of IPMC is ranging from micropumps diaphragms to surgical holding devices, this paper provides an overview of the IPMC application in biomimetic and biomedical field.

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