THE NEPTICULIDAE (LEPIDOPTERA) OF CANADA

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (S107) ◽  
pp. 1-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Wilkinson ◽  
M. J. Scoble
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
The North ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
The Family ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Plant Choice

AbstractA taxonomic revision, including descriptions, diagnoses, and bibliographies, is given of the genera and species of the family Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) so far collected in Canada. In addition, extensive material from the U.S.A. and a number of specimens from Europe have been examined. Five new species and two new subspecies are described. Notes on the biology of the species have been collated from rearing records, label data, and the relevant literature. With one exception all existing types have been examined and, in addition, a number of types designated.A major feature of this work is a study of the genitalia of the moths — never before undertaken extensively on the North American Nepticulidae. These structures give valuable diagnostic features and are of fundamental importance in the provision of modern descriptions and keys. As genitalia characters are thought to be the best taxonomic indicators of relationships between species in the Nepticulidae, the species-groups proposed have been mainly defined on these structures.The confusion over the nomenclature of the family name is discussed. Taxonomic histories of the genera are given and one generic synonymy is made.Taxonomic problems are discussed in relation to distribution and food-plant choice. The host-plant associations of the family are reviewed, with reference to the mining habits of the larvae. A priori use of host-plant data in the taxonomy of the Nepticulidae is found to be limited. However, the proposed species-groups illustrate a general conclusion that related species tend to feed on plants that are themselves taxonomically related.

Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical diving beetles genus Laccodytes Régimbart, 1895 (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2347 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARIO TOLEDO ◽  
PAUL J. SPANGLER ◽  
MICHAEL BALKE
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Species Identification ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
The North ◽  
Centre Of Diversity ◽  
Diving Beetles ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
North Eastern Part

The Neotropical Laccophilinae genus Laccodytes Régimbart, 1895 is redefined and revised. We recognize ten species, six of which are described as new. We define two species groups: the Laccodytes apalodes-group (L. apalodes Guignot, 1955, L. rondonia sp.n.), and the L. phalacroides-group (L. americanus Peschet, 1919, L. obscuratus sp.n., L. bassignanii sp.n., L. neblinae sp.n., L. olibroides Régimbart, 1895, L. phalacroides Régimbart, 1895, L. takutuanus sp.n., L. androginus sp.n.). Laccophilus pumilio LeConte, 1878, assigned to Laccodytes by Young (1954), belongs to an undescribed genus. Laccodytes species are lotic and most of them inhabit the north-eastern part of South America, apparently with Venezuela and Guyana as centre of diversity. Descriptions, illustrations and SEM photos of habitus, genitals and other diagnostic features are provided for each species, together with habitat notes, when known. We provide a key for species identification.

Phylogeny of the weevil genus Rhinusa Stephens based on adult morphological characters and host plant information (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2627 (1) ◽  
pp. 39 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERTO CALDARA ◽  
DAVIDE SASSI ◽  
IVO TOŠEVSKI
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Weak Support ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
The Family ◽  
Related Plant ◽  
Species Groups

A phylogenetic analysis of the species belonging to the weevil genus Rhinusa Stephens, 1829 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Curculioninae: Mecinini) was carried out. Rhinusa weevils feed on plants of the closely related families Scrophulariaceae and Plantaginaceae. Based on a cladistic analysis of six outgroup and 33 ingroup taxa, and 39 adult morphological and 8 ecological characters, eight well supported species groups and two monobasic groups belonging to three separate and more inclusive assemblages were recognized. The first assemblage (A) includes nine species belonging to two groups (R. bipustulata and R. tetra groups), whereas the second and third assemblages (B and C) include a total of 14 species belonging to two groups (R. antirrhini and R. linariae groups) and six groups (R. pilosa, R. herbarum, R. neta, R. vestita, R. mauritii and R. melas groups), respectively. Two of the three main assemblages (A and B) are well supported as monophyletic entities, whereas the third assemblage (C) has weak support contingent in part upon the exclusion of host plant associations. Assemblage A includes all species living on species of Scrophulariaceae, with two groups occurring on two closely related plant genera, Scrophularia (R. bipustulata group) and Verbascum (R. tetra group), respectively. The other two assemblages include species living exclusively on species of the family Plantaginaceae, tribe Antirrhineae. These patterns suggest a well conserved and phylogenetically congruent association among the weevils and their hosts. Optimizing host plant preferences onto the morphological phylogeny indicates that feeding on Plantaginaceae was the plesiomorphic condition for the genus Rhinusa. In general there are no strict relationships between groups of weevils and their specific feeding habits; however, species of the R. antirrhini group are all feeding on seed capsules. In contrast, in other groups the larvae of closely related species display significant variations in host plant parasitism. Some species of the R. tetra group feed on seed capsules whereas others are stem borers. In turn, certain species of the R. neta group feed on seed capsules yet others are inquilines of gall forming species of Rhinusa. The latter habit is present in multiple convergent groups such as the R. linariae and R. pilosa groups.

Larvae of the North American Olethreutidae (Lepidoptera)

1959 ◽  
Vol 91 (S10) ◽  
pp. 5-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Rae MacKay
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
The North ◽  
The Family ◽  
Late Instar ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Spruce Needles ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe late-instar larvae of about 185 species of the North American Olethreutidae are described and most of them illustrated. Included in these are many pests, such as Grapholitha molesta, Carpocapsa pomonella, and Spilonota ocellana on fruit trees, Paralobesia viteana on grapes, Ancylis comptana fragariae on strawberries, Laspeyresia nigricana in pea pods, Laspeyresia caryana in hickory and pecan nuts, Taniva albolineana in spruce needles, and species of Rhyacionia and Petrova on pines. Keys to species groups and to individual species are provided. Of the diagnostic and specialized characters listed, the most useful include the setae, the spinneret, and the shape of the larva, especially of its head and anal shield. The main characters are given for the postulated ancestral larva and for the highly developed larva. Most of the species groups are arranged according to the suggested phylogenetic relationship of their larvae, emphasizing the necessity of a revision of the family. Larvae of some genera previously difficult to classify, such as Pseudogalleria and Hystricophora, indicate the relationship of those genera to other groups; conversely, lack of relationship is clearly shown in other instances, e.g., between Carpocapsa pomonella and Carpocapsa saltitans, and between the two species Epiblema culminana and E. suffusana and other members of the genus Epiblema.

Parasadoletus exsertus, a new genus and species of Heterogastridae from Australia (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4878 (3) ◽  
pp. 595-600
Author(s):  
M. B. MALIPATIL
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
New Genus ◽  
New Genus And Species ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
The Family

Parasadoletus exsertus gen. and sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Lygaeoidea: Heterogastridae) is described from Mount Glorious, southeastern Queensland, Australia, based on specimens collected associated with a rainforest tree Argyrodendron actinophyllum (F. M. Bailey) Edlin (Malvaceae). The new genus is compared and its relationship with other known genera of the family Heterogastridae elucidated, also comments on host plant associations within this family are provided.

Coniferous plants as potential reservoirs of phytoseiid mites (Parasitiformes: Phytoseiidae) in Poland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Karolina Puchalska ◽  
Marcin Kozak ◽  
Mariusz Lewandowski
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Abies Alba ◽  
Statistical Investigation ◽  
Taxus Baccata ◽  
Phytoseiid Mites ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
The Family ◽  
Natural Stands ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

Coniferous trees and shrubs growing in natural stands are important reservoirs of naturally-occurring predators belonging to the family Phytoseiidae (Mesostigmata: Phytoseioidea). The fauna of these mites on eight native coniferous species in Poland was surveyed and an exploratory statistical investigation was carried out into mite-conifer associations. The conifers were growing in forests, national parks and nature reserves throughout Poland. A total of 2,540 specimens of phytoseiids belonging to nine species was identified. Four species were new for the Polish fauna, i.e., Typhlodromus (Anthoseius) inopinatus (Wainstein), T. (A.) caucasicus (Abbasova), T. (A.) singularis Chant and Neoseiulus gracilentus (Hirschmann). Among the studied coniferous taxa, Picea abies (L.) H. Karst supported the greatest numbers of both species and individual mites. The highest biodiversity indexes for the phytoseiids were obtained for Taxus baccata L. and Juniperus communis L. Among the phytoseiid species found, T. (T.) tiliae Oudemans occurred on all eight host species surveyed. Typhlodromus (A.) bakeri (Garman) and T. (T.) tiliae were the most dominant species and occurred on conifers with high constancy. Amblyseius andersoni (Chant) co-dominated with them on J. communis and P. abies. New to the knowledge of Phytoseiidae-host plant records were T. (A.) singularis on P. abies, T. (T.) tiliae on Pinus mugo Turra, Pi. cembra L., J. communis and T. baccata, N. gracilentus on J. communis and Pi. mugo, and T. (A.) inopinatus on Abies alba Mill., Larix decidua Mill. and P. abies. Additionally, for Poland, new Phytoseiidae-host plant associations were T. (A.) inopinatus on Pinus sylvestris L., T. (A.) bakeri on J. communis and T. baccata, T. (A.) caucasicus on A. alba, T. baccata and P. abies, and T. (A.) singularis on L. decidua.

Taxonomic revision of Neotropical Phyllocnistis Zeller, 1848 (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), with descriptions of seven new species and host plant associations

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4341 (3) ◽  
pp. 301 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROSÂNGELA BRITO ◽  
CARLOS LOPEZ-VAAMONDE ◽  
GISLENE L. GONÇALVES ◽  
VITOR O. BECKER ◽  
OLAF H.H. MIELKE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Leaf Mining

Until now, 20 species of leaf-mining micromoths of the genus Phyllocnistis Zeller (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) have been known to occur in the Neotropical region. Here we revise the previously known species and describe seven new species: four from French Guiana, P. kawakitai Brito & Lopez-Vaamonde, sp. nov., P. norak Brito & Lopez-Vaamonde, sp. nov., P. ohshimai Brito & Lopez-Vaamonde, sp. nov., P. petronellii Brito & Lopez-Vaamonde, sp. nov.; and, three from Brazil, P. helios Brito & Moreira, sp. nov., P. jupiter Brito & Moreira, sp. nov. and P. xylopiella Brito & Becker, sp. nov. Lectotypes are designated for P. aurilinea Zeller, 1877; P. citrella Stainton, 1856; P. rotans and P. sexangula Meyrick, 1915. Detailed descriptions of the pattern of forewing fasciae are provided for all species. Host plant associations, photographs of adults and illustrations of genitalia, when available, are provided for the described species of Neotropical Phyllocnistis. In addition, DNA barcodes were used for the delimitation of some species. 

scholarly journals Systematics and biology of the iconic Australian scribbly gum moths Ogmograptis Meyrick (Lepidoptera : Bucculatricidae) and their unique insect–plant interaction

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 357 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Horak ◽  
M. F. Day ◽  
C. Barlow ◽  
E. D. Edwards ◽  
Y. N. Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Sister Group ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Outer Bark ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Family ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Instar ◽  
Species Groups

Many smooth-barked Eucalyptus spp.in south-eastern Australia bear distinctive scribbles caused by the larva of some Ogmograptis spp. However, although these scribbles are conspicuous, the systematics and biology of the genus is poorly known. This has been addressed through detailed field and laboratory studies of the biology of three species (O. racemosa Horak, sp. nov., O. fraxinoides Horak, sp. nov., O. scribula Meyrick) in conjunction with a comprehensive taxonomic revision supported by a molecular phylogeny utilising the mitochondrial Cox1 and nuclear 18S genes. In brief, eggs are laid in bark depressions and the first-instar larvae bore into the bark to the level where the future cork cambium forms (the phellogen). Early-instar larvae bore wide, arcing tracks in this layer before forming a tighter zig-zag-shaped pattern. The second-last instar turns and bores either closely parallel to the initial mine or doubles its width, along the zig-zag-shaped mine. The final instar possesses legs and a spinneret (unlike the earlier instars) and feeds exclusively on callus tissue that forms within the zig-zag-shaped mine formed by the previous instar, before emerging from the bark to pupate at the base of the tree. The scars of mines then become visible scribbles following the shedding of the outer bark. Sequence data confirm the placement of Ogmograptis within the Bucculatricidae, suggest that the larvae responsible for the ‘ghost scribbles’ (raised scars found on smooth-barked eucalypts) are members of the related genus Tritymba Meyrick, and support the morphology-based species groups proposed for Ogmograptis. The formerly monotypic genus Ogmograptis Meyrick is revised and divided into three species groups. Eleven new species are described: Ogmograptis fraxinoides Horak, sp. nov., Ogmograptis racemosa Horak, sp. nov., and Ogmograptis pilularis Horak, sp. nov., forming the scribula group with Ogmograptis scribula Meyrick; Ogmograptis maxdayi Horak, sp. nov., Ogmograptis barloworum Horak, sp. nov., Ogmograptis paucidentatus Horak, sp. nov., Ogmograptis rodens Horak, sp. nov., Ogmograptis bignathifer Horak, sp. nov., and Ogmograptis inornatus Horak, sp. nov., as the maxdayi group; Ogmograptis bipunctatus Horak, sp. nov., Ogmograptis pulcher Horak, sp. nov., Ogmograptis triradiata (Turner), comb. nov., and Ogmograptis centrospila (Turner), comb. nov., as the triradiata group. Ogmograptis notosema (Meyrick) cannot be assigned to a species group as the holotype has not been located. Three unique synapomorphies, all derived from immatures, redefine the family Bucculatricidae, uniting Ogmograptis, Tritymba (both Australian) and Leucoedemia Scoble & Scholtz (African) with Bucculatrix Zeller, which is the sister group of the Southern Hemisphere genera. The systematic history of Ogmograptis and the Bucculatricidae is discussed.

Revision of the family Omalisidae (Coleoptera, Elateroidea)

2008 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Brlik ◽  
Ladislav Bocak
Keyword(s):  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Full Description ◽  
Species Status ◽  
Southern France ◽  
Extensive Data ◽  
Genus Level ◽  
The Family ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Subjective Synonym

AbstractThe taxonomic revision of the Palaearctic beetle family Omalisidae is presented. The morphology of the family is described in detail and the relationships of genera are discussed. The genus Thilmanus Gemminger, 1869 is classified in Omalisidae and the subfamily Thilmaninae Kazantsev, 2005 described in Lycidae for Thilmanus is considered redundant in Omalisidae. The subgenus Phaeopterus Costa, 1857 is elevated to the genus level. Omalisus (Phaeopterus) minutus Pic, 1938 is proposed to be a junior subjective synonym of Phaeopterus unicolor Costa, 1857. Thilmanus longicollis var. laticeps Pic, 1913 from Southern France is elevated to the full species status, Thilmanus longicollis Pic, 1912 from Sardinia is proposed to be a junior subjective synonym of T. obscurus Baudi, 1872. Omalisus (Phaeopterus) nigricornis Reitter, 1881 is excluded from Omalisidae and placed in Euanoma Reitter, 1889 in Drilidae. Omalisus (Phaeopterus) flavangulus Späth, 1898 is proposed to be a junior subjective synonym of E. nigricornis Reitter, 1881. In total, eight species classified in three genera are recognized in Omalisidae. Redescriptions of all Omalisidae genera are provided. Each species of the family is presented with a diagnosis, full description, illustrations of male genitalia and a comprehensive bibliography. Extensive data on distribution of all species is provided and the distributions of genera and the species groups are discussed. A key to all Omalisidae species and genera is included and fully illustrated.

Ocnogyna mooseri, a new peculiar species from Libya (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Arctiinae)

2022 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Günter Müller ◽  
Aidas Saldaitis ◽  
Anton V. Volynkin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Female Genitalia ◽  
North African ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the genus Ocnogyna Graslin, [1837], O. mooseri sp. n. is described from north-eastern Libya. The female of the new species is fully winged but differs from all known species groups of Ocnogyna in a number of diagnostic features and is also externally reminiscent of Tajigyna gansoni Dubatolov, 1990 endemic to Tajikistan. The diagnostic comparison is made with the North African Ocnogyna advena (Fabricius, 1787) having externally similar males but brachypterous females and to the externally dissimilar Ocnogyna parasita (Hübner, 1790) species group having the most similar female genitalia structures.

Evolutionary and taxonomic relationships between fruit-piercing moths and the Menispermaceae

1996 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 227 ◽  
Author(s):  
HA C Fay
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Forest ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Habitat Diversity ◽  
North East ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
The Family ◽  
Moth Species ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Old World Tropics

Twining vines of the family Menispermaceae provide the food for larvae of the principal fruit-piercing moths in Australia, and in most of the Old World tropics and near tropics. These large noctuid moths are adult pests of a range of commercial fruits, and can cause crop losses of more than 50%. In Australia, the Menispermaceae are represented by 13 genera and 24 species, which predominantly occur through coastal and subcoastal regions in the east and north of the continent. Their density and diversity is greatest in the wet tropical forest areas of north-east Queensland. Around 60% of the Australian menisperm species are now known to support fruit-piercing moth larvae to various extents. While moth species-menisperm associations range from species specific (i.e. monophagy) to genera generalist (i.e. polyphagy), polyphagy appears to contribute less to a moth's status as a pest than habitat diversity. Tinospora smilacina and Stephania japonica are the two most widely occurring Australian menisperms, with forms or varieties occupying habitats from wet tropical forest to semi-desert, and these species are particularly important to the fruit-piercing moth problem. Some moth species-host plant associations appear to be dynamic, as indicated by the dietary expansion of the moth Othreis fullonia in recent centuries onto Erythrina spp. (Fabaceae) in New Guinea and the Pacific. The perceived relationship between Erythrina spp. and the Menispermaceae is through the similar alkaloids they possess (i.e. the tetracyclic Erythrina-type), which are found particularly in certain species within the tribe Menispermeae. Variation in the alkaloids associated with certain menisperm genera may explain specific moth–host plant relationships, which in turn support alternative tribal associations for some menisperm taxa to those currently recognised.

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