A Novel Subsea Actuator to Electrify Small-Bore Valve

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Orth ◽  
Gottfried Hendrix ◽  
Markus Kubacki ◽  
Pedro Joao Duarte da Silva ◽  
Juliano Victor De Negri
Keyword(s):  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Design Team ◽  
Electric Actuator ◽  
Considerable Cost ◽  
Considerable Cost Saving ◽  
Safe Mechanism ◽  
Fail Safe ◽  
New System

Abstract This paper presents the development and qualification of a novel Subsea Electric Actuator, especially designed for rotary small-bore valves. One of the main challenges was to design an electric actuator which is as compact as the existing hydraulic actuators, but able to provide a fail-safe mechanism by field-proven springs and full integration of all necessary components, including the electric drive and controls, inside of a compact enclosure. Furthermore, the design team had to considerably reduce its power consumption and weight in comparison to existing solutions. Finally, the system was designed for lean manufacturing, allowing considerable cost-saving benefits for all the partners due to extensive standardization work. The paper shows the engineering requirements obtained by interviewing different users, the design methodology applied and the qualification of the new system up to TRL 3 with Digital Twin and Rapid Prototyping. Finally, an outlook is presented with the planned TRL 4 and TRL 5 qualification tests and a summary of the technical and economic benefits for the users of this novel Subsea Valve Actuator.

scholarly journals Overexpression of S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMDC) in Xeno-pus embryos activates maternal program of apoptosis as a “fail-safe” mechanism of early embryogenesis

Cell Research ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatake KAI ◽  
Chikara KAITO ◽  
Hiroshi FUKAMACHI ◽  
Takayasu HIGO ◽  
Eiji TA-KAYAMA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Embryogenesis ◽  
Adenosylmethionine Decarboxylase ◽  
Safe Mechanism ◽  
Fail Safe

scholarly journals Structure of the ATP synthase from Mycobacterium smegmatis provides targets for treating tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 118 (47) ◽  
pp. e2111899118
Author(s):  
Martin G. Montgomery ◽  
Jessica Petri ◽  
Tobias E. Spikes ◽  
John E. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Atp Synthase ◽  
Mycobacterium Smegmatis ◽  
Atp Hydrolysis ◽  
Terminal Region ◽  
Catalytic Cycle ◽  
Α Subunit ◽  
Antitubercular Drugs ◽  
Safe Mechanism ◽  
Fail Safe ◽  
Α Subunits

The structure has been determined by electron cryomicroscopy of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase from Mycobacterium smegmatis. This analysis confirms features in a prior description of the structure of the enzyme, but it also describes other highly significant attributes not recognized before that are crucial for understanding the mechanism and regulation of the mycobacterial enzyme. First, we resolved not only the three main states in the catalytic cycle described before but also eight substates that portray structural and mechanistic changes occurring during a 360° catalytic cycle. Second, a mechanism of auto-inhibition of ATP hydrolysis involves not only the engagement of the C-terminal region of an α-subunit in a loop in the γ-subunit, as proposed before, but also a “fail-safe” mechanism involving the b′-subunit in the peripheral stalk that enhances engagement. A third unreported characteristic is that the fused bδ-subunit contains a duplicated domain in its N-terminal region where the two copies of the domain participate in similar modes of attachment of the two of three N-terminal regions of the α-subunits. The auto-inhibitory plus the associated “fail-safe” mechanisms and the modes of attachment of the α-subunits provide targets for development of innovative antitubercular drugs. The structure also provides support for an observation made in the bovine ATP synthase that the transmembrane proton-motive force that provides the energy to drive the rotary mechanism is delivered directly and tangentially to the rotor via a Grotthuss water chain in a polar L-shaped tunnel.

And The World Came To See: New Manufacturing System Designs and Industrial Revolutions

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. T. Black ◽  
David S. Cochran
Keyword(s):  
System Design ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Manufacturing System ◽  
Job Shop ◽  
Flow Shop ◽  
The World ◽  
Industrial Revolutions ◽  
New System

AND THE WORLD CAME TO SEE. When a new manufacturing system design (MSD) is developed by a company or a group of companies, the rest of the world comes to those factories to learn about the new system. In the last 200 years, three new factory designs have evolved, called the job shop, the flow shop and the lean shop. Each is based on a new system design — a functional design, a product flow design and a linked cell design. New factory designs lead to new industrial leaders and even new industrial revolutions (IR’s). Two appendixes are included: One outlines the implementation strategy for the lean shop and the other is a discussion of lean manufacturing from the viewpoint of K. Hitomi, Japanese professor of manufacturing systems engineering.

Research gaps in Lean manufacturing: a systematic literature review

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 815-839 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos Psomas ◽  
Jiju Antony
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Journal Articles ◽  
Academic Journal ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Literature contributions to Lean manufacturing (LM) are fragmented and show some significant limitations. The purpose of this paper is to identify the existing research gaps in LM as well as to group them into respective themes. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review (SLR) of peer reviewed journal articles in LM was carried out by the authors, based on four major publishers, namely, Emerald Online, Science Direct, Springer Link and Taylor & Francis. In total, 120 articles published in 30 journals during 2005–2016 were collected which revealed LM research gaps. A simple affinity diagram was applied in order to group the research gaps into logical themes. Findings A large number of research gaps are identified in the LM literature and meaningful themes of these gaps are also revealed. Research limitations/implications The SLR carried out by the authors is based on only four academic journal publishers and some of other publishers might have been missed out in this search. Excluding articles focusing on an individual Lean principle or tool/technique is also a limitation of the present SLR. Practical implications Researchers and practitioners can use the LM research gaps presented in this study for further development of LM methodology. Originality/value Presenting LM research gaps analytically and grouping them into meaningful themes, significantly differentiates the present SLR study from those published so far.

PlumX: a tool to showcase academic profile and distinction

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Y. Wong ◽  
Sarah M. Vital
Keyword(s):  
Liberal Arts ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Faculty Scholarship ◽  
Integral Role ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New System ◽  
Academic Profile

PurposeThe Saint Mary’s College of California (SMC) library plays an integral role in supporting one of the goals in the College’s Strategic Plan: “Raise the Academic Profile and Distinction”. This case study aims to assess the effectiveness of PlumX as a tool to showcase the academic profile and distinction of SMC. The library recognizes the importance of capturing impact of non-traditional creativity and engagement in addition to just traditional impact metrics of research. Design/methodology/approachThis paper describes the collaborative effort of the College and the College’s library to identify faculty scholarship, creativity and engagement and collect data demonstrating the impact of the works. Traditional metrics, like citation counts, do not do SMC faculty justice because faculty scholarship comes beyond just books and articles. To more fully document the real intellectual corpus the College, the library is working with a new system, PlumX, to collect web-based information about both traditionally and non-traditionally published work. FindingsThe collection of metrics across five categories (citations, usage, social media, mentions and captures), and the flexibility of displaying on screen or downloading for use in other analytic reports made possible through PlumX proved to be a start toward demonstrating the academic distinction of College’s unique faculty. SMC will continue to partner with PlumX to assess and improve its usability and effectiveness. Originality/valueThis paper outlines how altmetrics can be used to measure and share impact of faculty research at a liberal arts, teaching-focused college in ways reflective of the unique intellectual contributions.

Suppression of clonogenicity by mammalian Dnmt1 mediated by the PCNA-binding domain

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simeon Santourlidis ◽  
Fumihiro Kimura ◽  
Johannes Fischer ◽  
Wolfgang A Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Acid Domain ◽  
Safe Mechanism ◽  
Fail Safe ◽  
Proliferating Cell ◽  
Amino Acid Domain

Overexpression of the major DNA methyltransferase Dnmt1 is cytotoxic and has been hypothesized to result in aberrant hypermethylation of genes required for cell survival. Indeed, overexpression of mouse or human Dnmt1 in murine and human cell lines decreased clonogenicity. By frame-shift and deletion constructs, this effect of mouse Dnmt1 was localized at the N-terminal 124 amino acid domain, which mediates interaction with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Mutation of the PCNA-binding site restored normal cloning efficiencies. Overexpression of Dnmt3A or Dnmt3B, which do not interact with PCNA, yielded weaker effects on clonogenicity. Following introduction of the toxic domain, no significant effects on apoptosis, replication, or overall DNA methylation were observed for up to 3 d. Suppression of clonogenicity by Dnmt1 was also observed in cell lines lacking wild-type p53, p21CIP1, or p16INK4A. Suppression of clonogenicity by Dnmt1 overexpression may act as a fail-safe mechanism against carcinogenicity of sustained Dnmt1 overexpression.Key words: carcinogenesis, DNA methyltransferase, DNA methylation, p53, PCNA.

The Internal Ribosome Entry Site-Medaited Expression of VEGF Rescues HS Sultan Tumor Cells From Mammalian Target of Rapamycin (mTOR)-Inhibitors Induced Apoptosis in Vivo

Blood ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 120 (21) ◽  
pp. 1659-1659
Author(s):  
Patrick Frost ◽  
Joseph Gera ◽  
Alan K. Lichtenstein
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Mtor Inhibitors ◽  
G1 Arrest ◽  
Vegf Expression ◽  
Tumor Cell Apoptosis ◽  
Safe Mechanism ◽  
Fail Safe

Abstract Abstract 1659 An important molecular target of mTOR inhibitors in cancer therapy is VEGF expression and neo-angiogenesis. In prior studies, we demonstrated that, although rapalog mTOR inhibitors only induce G1 arrest in B-cell tumor lines, their administration in vivo in xenograft models resulted in tumor cell apoptosis that correlated with inhibition of neo-angiogenesis and VEGF expression within the tumor bed. Other in vitro studies have shown that IRES-dependent translation of myc and D-cyclins can provide a fail-safe mechanism for expression when mTOR inhibitors prevent cap-dependent translation and may act as a resistance mechanism to induction of G1 arrest in vitro. We, thus, tested if VEGF IRES activity could likewise regulate induction of anti-tumor effects and apoptosis in vivo. To test if VEGF IRES activity can regulate anti-tumor responses in vivo, we utilized the HS-Sultan B cell lymphoma line that is PTEN null. Its heightened AKT activity disarms the VEGF IRES, preventing this fail-safe mechanism and sensitizing to mTOR inhibitors. We ectopically expressed a version of the VEGF ORF in these cells fused to the p27 IRES (p27-VEGF), an IRES which is insensitive to AKT and effective in PTEN-null tumors. p27-VEGF transfected tumor cells were used as subcutaneous challenges in immunodeficient mice and results of mTOR inhibitor treatment compared to control mice challenged with tumor cells transfected with the VEGF ORF but without an AKT-resistant IRES. The anti-tumor responses were enumerated by assessing tumor size and tumor apoptosis, neo-angiogenesis and VEGF expression assessed by immunohistochemistry, ELISA, and Western blot analysis of tumor lysate. Ectopic expression of VEGF fused to the p27 IRES specifically enhanced VEGF expression and neo-angiogenesis in tumors of mice treated with the rapalog temsirolimus or active site mTOR inhibitor pp242 and significantly reduced tumor cell apoptosis and anti-tumor responses. The results confirm the critical role of VEGF expression in tumors during treatment with mTOR inhibitors and, furthermore, underscore the importance of IRES activity as a resistance mechanism to such targeted therapy. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Determining and representing value in creative placemaking

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine Vaughan ◽  
Kim Maund ◽  
Thayaparan Gajendran ◽  
Justine Lloyd ◽  
Cathy Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Creative Placemaking ◽  
Key Stakeholders ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Quantitative Indicators ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This study aims to address the research gap about value in the holistic discourse of creative placemaking. It identifies and synthesises the often discounted social and environmental values of creative placemaking along with typically emphasised economic values. Design/methodology/approach This paper builds upon two research phases; first, a review and extraction of creative placemaking value indicators from relevant current urban, cultural and planning literature; and second, the identification of relevant, practice-based, value indicators through interviews with 23 placemaking experts including practitioners, urban planners, developers and place managers from the two largest cities of NSW, Australia; Sydney and Newcastle. Findings This study identifies three broad thematics for valuing creative placemaking along with several sub-categories of qualitative and quantitative indicators. These indicators reveal the holistic value of creative placemaking for its key stakeholders, including expert placemakers, designers, building developers, government and community groups. A key conclusion of the research is the need for tools that grasp the interconnected, and at times conflicting, nature of placemaking’s social, economic and environmental outcomes. Originality/value While a variety of value indicators exist to understand the need for ongoing resourcing of creative placemaking, stakeholders identified the limitations of current approaches to determine, represent and appraise the value of creative placemaking. The indicators of value proposed in this research consolidate and extend current discourse about the value of creative placemaking specifically. The indicators themselves have profound practical implications for how creative placemaking is conceived, executed and evaluated. Theoretically, the study builds on the deep relationships between values and practice in creative placemaking, as well as critiquing narrow forms of evaluation that entrench economic benefits over other outcomes.

Controlling sand placement during the building of artificial islands

1984 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Shields ◽  
L. Domaschuk ◽  
D. W. Corkal ◽  
J. R. McCutchon
Keyword(s):  
Cost Saving ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Model Tests ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Considerable Cost ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Considerable Cost Saving ◽  
Small Scale Model

A new way to construct artificial islands of sand is described. The method shows promise of considerable cost saving. The present high cost of island building is due to the difficulty of making underwater sand slopes steep. Simply dumping sand into the ocean results in slopes of from 12 to 15 horizontal to 1 vertical. These shallow slopes have enormous implications in terms of sand volume and cost. The sand can be tremied into place to form a steep-sided ring or bund. Handling large quantities of sand in this way is expensive. Small-scale model tests show that if the sand is mixed with certain chemicals the resulting 'cohesion' enables the sand to fall through seawater as a block, with little dispersion. Steep underwater slopes result. Low-cost, nontoxic (environmentally safe) chemicals were used in the experiment. Keywords: construction, artificial islands, sand, oceans, dredging.

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