High Temperature Protection against Unwanted Species within Hermetic Packaging

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 (HiTEN) ◽  
pp. 000116-000122
Author(s):  
Jennifer Williams ◽  
Johnson Matthey
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Oxide Component ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Addition

The need for electronic applications to be able to withstand high temperatures has become more prevalent in recent years. With drilling in the oil and gas industry getting deeper, the operating temperatures are getting higher, with typical geothermal gradients of 25 °C/km. Temperatures up to 250 °C are often seen by drilling operations, which is putting a greater strain on the electronics and associated packaging. Standard methods of cooling are not viable for these harsh environments, so new technology is required to negate the effects of the extreme temperatures. As well as the use of high temperature stable electronic components, High Temperature Getters are required to remove gaseous contaminants from electronic housings to negate the associated deleterious effect on performance. The contaminating species to be removed are commonly H2O, CO2, and H2, and sometimes short chain organic molecules. Conventional getter materials can remove damaging species at temperatures up to about 80 °C. New technology is however required to eliminate these species at temperatures up to 250 °C, where existing getter formulations would certainly fail. Johnson Matthey has developed a range of getters that can remove multiple contaminants at both ambient and elevated temperatures. The first product in the series, HTA 1 can remove water and carbon dioxide. Addition of a metal oxide component in HTA 2 facilitates hydrogen removal at elevated temperatures, with capacities in excess of 70 cm3/g achieved. HTA 3 can adsorb unwanted organic contaminants in addition to removing water and carbon dioxide. HTA 4 is a combined getter capable of eliminating all of the aforementioned contaminant species. These products, combined with the unique, precision engineered Hi-Rel encapsulation (Figure 1) allow getters to be supplied pre-activated, without the end user needing to apply a thermal treatment prior to use. The product can be fitted into any hermetic device to extend the lifetime, thus decreasing the number of failures within electronic assemblies, improving system reliability and preventing operations being shut down as frequently.

Study of the effect of test parameters on the assessment of steel resistance to carbon dioxide corrosion

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (12) ◽  
pp. 36-41
Author(s):  
A. S. Fedorov ◽  
E. L. Alekseeva ◽  
A. A. Alkhimenko ◽  
N. O. Shaposhnikov ◽  
M. A. Kovalev
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Corrosion ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility

Carbon dioxide (CO2) corrosion is one of the most dangerous types of destruction of metal products in the oil and gas industry. The field steel pipelines and tubing run the highest risk. Laboratory tests are carried out to assess the resistance of steels to carbon dioxide corrosion. However, unified requirements for certain test parameters are currently absent in the regulatory documentation. We present the results of studying the effect of the parameters of laboratory tests on the assessment of the resistance of steels to CO2 corrosion. It is shown that change in the parameters of CO2 concentration, chemical composition of the water/brine system, the buffer properties and pH, the roughness of the sample surface, etc., even in the framework of the same laboratory technique, can lead in different test results. The main contribution to the repeatability and reproducibility of test results is made by the concentration of CO2, pH of the water/brine system, and surface roughness of the samples. The results obtained can be used in developing recommendations for the choice of test parameters to ensure a satisfactory convergence of the results gained in different laboratories, as well as in elaborating of a unified method for assessing the resistance of steels to carbon dioxide corrosion.

POL and LDO for Harsh Environment Applications

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 (HITEN) ◽  
pp. 000075-000081
Author(s):  
Ramesh Khanna ◽  
Srinivasan Venkataraman
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Harsh Environment ◽  
Buck Converters ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Component Selection

Harsh Environment approved components/ designs require high reliability as well as availability of power to meet their system needs. The paper will explore the various design constrains imposed on the high temperature designs. Down hole oil and gas industry requires high reliability components that can withstand high temperature. Discrete component selection, packaging and constrains imposed by various specification requirements to meet harsh environment approval are critical aspect of high-temp designs. High temperature PCB material, PCB layout techniques, trace characteristics are an important aspect of high-temperature PCB design and will be explored in the article. Buck Converters are the basic building blocks, but in order to meet system requirements to power FPGA's where low output voltage and high currents are required. Converter must be able to provide wider step down ratios with high transient response so buck converters are used. The paper with explore the various features of a buck-based POL converter design. Low noise forces the need for Low-dropout (LDO) Regulators that can operate at high Temperatures up to 210°C. This paper will address the power requirements to meet system needs.

Design of High Temperature Combline Band-pass Filters for Downhole Communications

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (HiTEC) ◽  
pp. 000312-000317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ehteshamuddin ◽  
Jebreel M. Salem ◽  
Dong Sam Ha
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Insertion Loss ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Heat Extraction ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Rf Filter ◽  
Stable Performance ◽  
Band Pass

Abstract The decline of easily accessible reserves pushes the oil and gas industry to drill deeper to explore previously untapped wells. Temperatures in these wells can exceed 210 °C. Cooling and conventional heat extraction techniques are impractical in such a harsh environment. Reliable electronic designs that can sustain high temperature become necessary. This paper presents RF and IF microstrip combline band-pass filters for downhole communications, which can reliably operate up to 250 °C. Both filters are prototyped on a Rogers RO4003C substrate. Measured results at 250 °C show that the RF and IF filters have insertion losses of 4.53 dB and 3.45 dB, respectively. Both filters have stable performance at high temperatures. The maximum insertion loss variation with temperature for the RF filter is 1.88 dB, and bandwidth variation is 1.3 MHz. The maximum insertion loss variation with temperature for the IF filter is 1.48 dB, and bandwidth variation is 0.4 MHz. Return loss for the RF filter is more than 12 dB, and for the IF filter more than 10 dB in the passband. This paper also describes a simple method to find spacing between coupled symmetrical microstrip lines of a combline filter.

“Has Microelectronic MCM Technology Matured and is it Capable of Servicing the Widespread Needs of Down Well 225°C Operating Applications in the Oil and Gas Industry?”

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 (HITEC) ◽  
pp. 000319-000324
Author(s):  
Bob Hunt ◽  
Andy Tooke
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Shock ◽  
Thick Film ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Temperature Cycling ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Gas Industry

This paper reviews development and qualification work performed on 225°C operating temperature modules based on ceramic thick film multi-layer substrates supporting embedded thick film resistors, assembled passive and active components with ‘chip and wire’ connections and sealing in hermetic metal and ceramic cavity packages. It considers aspects of development and importantly investigates product qualification which includes shock and vibration at elevated temperatures as well as thermal shock and temperature cycling. In conclusion there is an attempt to answer the question “Has microelectronic MCM technology matured and is it capable of servicing the widespread needs of down well 225 °C operating applications in the Oil and Gas industry?”

Environmentally Hardening IC Die Previously Assembled in Plastic Packages through Die Removal, Bond Pad Replating and Reassembly into Hermetic Packages

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (HiTEC) ◽  
pp. 000039-000044
Author(s):  
Charlie Beebout ◽  
Erick M. Spory
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Electroless Nickel ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Global Circuit ◽  
Bond Wires ◽  
Bond Pads

ABSTRACT Many integrated circuits (ICs) will operate well above their maximum rated temperature of +70°C or +125°C, but are often not packaged appropriately to reliably endure temperatures above +150C. Specifically, the original gold or copper bonds on the aluminum die bond pads are prone to Kirkendall or Horsting voiding, particularly at temperatures greater than +150°C. Also the mold compounds used in plastic packaging for IC assembly can degrade at these elevated temperatures. In some cases, commercial demand for higher temperature reliability can justify a separate offering of ICs assembled in hermetic, ceramic packages from the original component manufacturer (OCM). However, in most cases, the market demand is deemed insufficient. Global Circuit Innovations (GCI) has developed a high-yielding process, which can remove a semiconductor die (i.e., computer chip) from a plastic package, remove the original bond wires and/or ball bonds, plate the aluminum die bond pads with Electroless Nickel, Electroless Palladium, and Immersion Gold (ENEPIG), and then reassemble the now improved semiconductor die into a hermetic, ceramic package. Device Extraction, ENEPIG die bond pad plating and Repackaging (DEER) provides an improved die bond pad surface such that works well with either gold or aluminum bond wires in applications up to +250°C without mechanical or electrical connectivity degradation. GCI routinely exposes sample devices to +250°C bakes with 100% post bake yields so as to continuously ensure that any device processed with the DEER technology will reliably perform in high-temperature environments. Although the oil and gas industry has already expressed significant interest in the DEER process, with excellent lifetest and production application results demonstrating dramatically increased component lifetimes at elevated temperatures, this technology can also be leveraged for any application exposing ICs to harsh environments. Not only is the high-temperature reliability dramatically increased, but also the new hermetic, ceramic package protects the IC from a variety of elements and environments (i.e., corrosives and moisture).

Wet Compression: Performance Test of a 3D Impeller and Validation of Predictive Model

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Ferrara ◽  
Lars E. Bakken ◽  
Stefano Falomi ◽  
Giuseppe Sassanelli ◽  
Matteo Bertoneri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Compression Performance ◽  
Laboratory Setup ◽  
Wet Compression

In the last few years wet compression has received special attention from the oil and gas industry. Here, the development and implementation of new subsea solutions are important focus areas to increase production and recovery from existing fields. This new technology will contribute to exploitation of small and remote fields and access in very deep water. In this regard liquid tolerance represents a viable option to reduce the cost of a subsea compression station bringing considerable simplification to the subsea process itself. However, the industry may experience some drawbacks: the various levels of liquid presence may create operational risk for traditional compressors; the liquid may cause mechanical damage because of erosion and corrosion of the internal units and the compressor performance might be affected too. The experimental investigation conducted in the study considers dry and wet conditions in a laboratory setup to understand how the presence of liquid influences the stage performance. The test campaign has been carried out at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, in Trondheim, to assess the performance and operating range of a tridimensional impeller when processing a mixture of gas and liquid phases. Experimental results allowed validating the OEM internal prediction code for compressors’ performance in wet conditions. Finally, the effect of liquid on machine operability has been assessed through a left-limit investigation by means of dynamic pressure probes readings in order to evaluate the stall/surge behaviour for different values of liquid mass fraction.

Importance of ambient cure for high-temperature coatings

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 654
Author(s):  
Graeme Ross
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Final Project ◽  
Test Methodology ◽  
Silicone Coatings ◽  
Increasing Process ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Project Location

Due to increasing demand for energy around the world, the prevalence of global megaprojects within the oil and gas industry is increasing. Process pipes, valves and vessels may be manufactured and coated in China or Korea, where labour costs are comparatively low, before being transported to the final project location, such as Western Australia. During the transport and fabrication phase, coated steelwork may spend months or even years exposed to harsh offshore or coastal environments before going into service. This means coatings must be able to provide protection throughout an extensive construction phase, in addition to the in-service lifetime of the steel. This paper examines the demands on high temperature performance coatings both before and once in service. Test methodology and exposure data are reviewed with a focus on how modern aluminium pigmented silicone coatings provide a solution to the corrosion challenges faced in global megaprojects.

Logic Sequence Prevents Launching Devices Downhole Out of Sequence

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo de Lepeleire ◽  
Nicolas Rogozinski ◽  
Hank Rogers ◽  
Daniel Ferrari
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Logic Control ◽  
Drilling Operations ◽  
Common Operation ◽  
Increasing Demand

Within the oil and gas industry, significant costs are often incurred by the operating company during the well-construction phase of drilling operations. Specifically, the operators cost to drill a well can cost tens or hundreds of millions of USD. One specific area where significant changes in drilling operations have occurred is in the offshore environment, specifically operations from mobile offshore drilling units (MODUs). With the ever-increasing demand for oil and gas, operators globally have increased drilling budgets in an effort to meet forecasted demand. However, the increased budgets are often eroded or offset by increasing drilling costs. Therefore, operators are continually in search of new technology, processes, or procedures to help improve drilling operations and overall operational efficiencies. One Latin America operator identified a common operation as a possible area where operational cost could be easily reduced through the implementation of systems that allow the manipulation of valve manifolds remotely. Additionally, operating such valve manifolds remotely enhanced operational safety for personnel, which was an equally important consideration. This paper details the evaluation of existing equipment and procedures and a process used to develop a new remote-control system using a machine logic control (MLC) that has been designed, built, tested, and deployed successfully on MODUs operating in Latin America.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF ETHYLENE COPOLYMERS WITH VINYL ACETATE ON PROPERTIES OF RUBBER BASED OF BUTADIENE-NITRILE CAOUTCHOUC

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Ivan S. Spiridonov ◽  
Marina S. Illarionova ◽  
Nikolay F. Ushmarin ◽  
Sergei I. Sandalov ◽  
Nikolay I. Kol'tsov
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oil And Gas Industry ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Standard Samples ◽  
Rubber Mixture ◽  
Gas Industry ◽  
Technical Products

Rubber-technical products, which are used in the oil and gas industry, must have high thermal and aggressive strength. Rubbers based on butadiene-nitrile caoutchoucs are usually used for these purposes, since they have good operational properties. However, under the influence of elevated temperatures, the resistance of such rubbers to the action of petroleum products is reduced, as a result of which the physico-mechanical characteristics decrease. To improve the operational properties of rubber-technical products, various technological additives are introduced into the rubber mixtures. Such additives can be copolymers of ethylene with vinyl acetate(EVA), which increase the resistance of rubbers to action of high temperatures and aggressive media. This is due to the fact that these copolymers are well combined with butadiene-nitrile caoutchoucs, forming coordination bonds with rubber molecules, which contributes thereby increasing in the elastic-strength and performance properties of rubber. In this connection, the influence of EVA (sevillenes 11104-030, 11808-340 and MarPol 1802), differing in the content of vinyl acetate units, on the rheometric, physico-mechanical and operational properties of the rubber mixture based on butadiene-nitrile rubber in this paper was investigated. The study was carried out to improve the thermo-resistance of rubber used for the manufacture of oil and petrol resistant rubber-technical products for the oil and gas industry. The rubber mixture was prepared on laboratory rolls and standard samples were vulcanized in an electrically heated press. The study of rheometric properties has shown that EVA affect the characteristics of the vulcanization process of a rubber mixture. For vulcanizates, the influence of the content of EVA in a rubber mixture on the physical and mechanical properties was studied: the conditional tensile strength, elongation at break, tear resistance, rebound elasticity, Shore A hardness, relative compression deformation. The effect of the standard liquid ZHR-1 on the change in these properties, as well as the degree of swelling of the vulcanizates after their daily soaking in the standard liquid SZHR-1 and a mixture of isooctane + toluene, was studied. It has been established that vulcanizate of a rubber mixture containing sevilene 11808-340 is characterized by the best physico-mechanical and operational properties.

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