scholarly journals A retrospective comparative study of the efficacy and safety of two regimens of diphenylcyclopropenone in the treatment of recalcitrant alopecia areata

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tueboon Sriphojanart ◽  
Saranya Khunkhet ◽  
Poonkiat Suchonwanit
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Hair Regrowth ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Retrospective Comparative Study ◽  
Standard Treatment Group

Diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) is an effective topical immunotherapy for recalcitrant alopecia areata (AA), which sometimes requires prolonged treatment. We developed a new treatment protocol to shorten the duration of therapy. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of the new treatment protocol with the standard treatment protocol in the treatment of recalcitrant AA. We conducted a 6-year retrospective comparative study of patients with AA who received one of the DPCP treatment protocols at our institute. Patients’ information was collected and subsequent statistically analyzed. Thirtynine patients (16 in the new treatment group and 23 in the standard treatment group) were included. There were no statistically significant differences in area of hair regrowth. Mean duration to initial hair regrowth and mean duration to significant hair regrowth in the new treatment group were significantly shorter than in the standard treatment group (P=0.002 and 0.01, respectively). Adverse effects were slightly higher in the new treatment group. The present study reveals the effectiveness and safety of the new treatment protocol, which shortens the duration of DPCP treatment and could represent an alternative regimen.

scholarly journals Outcome of Using Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients’: A ‎Retrospective, ‏Multi-Centric Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Salehi ◽  
Mahdi Barkhori Mehni ◽  
Mohammadmehdi Akbarian ◽  
Samrand Fattah Ghazi ◽  
Nasim Khajavi Rad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Length Of Stay ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Ivig Treatment ◽  
Icu Length Of Stay ◽  
Duration Of Hospitalization ◽  
Standard Treatment Group

Abstract Background: To access the effect of Intravenous immunoglobulin ‎‎(IVIG) in critically ill corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.Method: In this retrospective matched cohort study, records of three tertiary centers with large number of COVID-19 admissions were evaluated and used. Based on treatment options, ‎patients were divided into two groups, standard COVID-19 treatment (109 patients) and IVIG treatment (74 patients) patients. Also, the effect of IVIG in different dosages was evaluated. Patients with IVIG treatment were divided into three groups of ‎low (0.25 gr/kg), medium (0.5 gr/kg), and high (1 gr/kg) dose. Data analysis was performed using independent t-test and ‎One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) to compare the ‎outcomes between two groups, including duration of hospitalization, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, and mortality rate.‎Result: The duration of hospitalization in the IVIG group ‎were significantly longer than standard treatment (13.74 days vs. 11.10 days, p<0.05). There was not a significant difference between the two groups in ICU length of stay, number of intubated patients and duration of mechanical ventilation (P>0.05).‎ Also initial ‎outcomes in IVIG subgroups were compared separately with the standard ‎treatment group. The results indicated that only the duration of hospitalization ‎in the IVIG subgroup with medium dose is significantly longer than the standard ‎treatment group (P<0.01).Conclusion: Using IVIG is not beneficial for COVID-19 patients based on no remarkable differences in duration of hospitalization, ICU length of stay, duration of mechanical ventilation and even mortality rate.

scholarly journals Drainage, irrigation and fibrinolytic therapy (DRIFT) for posthaemorrhagic ventricular dilatation: 10-year follow-up of a randomised controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 466-473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Luyt ◽  
Sally L Jary ◽  
Charlotte L Lea ◽  
Grace J. Young ◽  
David E Odd ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Fibrinolytic Therapy ◽  
Ventricular Dilatation ◽  
Cognitive Disability ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Standard Treatment Group

BackgroundProgressive ventricular dilatation after intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) in preterm infants has a very high risk of severe disability and death. Drainage, irrigation and fibrinolytic therapy (DRIFT), in a randomised controlled trial (RCT), reduced severe cognitive impairment at 2 years.ObjectiveTo assess if the cognitive advantage of DRIFT seen at 2 years persisted until school age.ParticipantsThe RCT conducted in four centres recruited 77 preterm infants with IVH and progressive ventricular enlargement over specified measurements. Follow-up was at 10 years of age.InterventionIntraventricular injection of a fibrinolytic followed by continuous lavage, until the drainage was clear, and standard care consisting of control of expansion by lumbar punctures and if expansion persisted via a ventricular access device.Primary outcomeCognitive quotient (CQ), derived from the British Ability Scales and Bayley III Scales, and survival without severe cognitive disability.ResultsOf the 77 children randomised, 12 died, 2 could not be traced, 10 did not respond and 1 declined at 10-year follow-up. 28 in the DRIFT group and 24 in the standard treatment group were assessed by examiners blinded to the intervention. The mean CQ score was 69.3 (SD=30.1) in the DRIFT group and 53.7 (SD=35.7) in the standard treatment group (unadjusted p=0.1; adjusted p=0.01, after adjustment for the prespecified variables sex, birth weight and IVH grade). Survival without severe cognitive disability was 66% in the DRIFT group and 35% in the standard treatment group (unadjusted p=0.019; adjusted p=0.003).ConclusionDRIFT is the first intervention for posthaemorrhagic ventricular dilatation to objectively demonstrate sustained cognitive improvement.Trial registration numberISRCTN80286058.

scholarly journals A retrospective comparative study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mifepristone with misoprostol over misoprostol alone in induction in labor

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 5140
Author(s):  
Reena Sharma ◽  
B. R. Sharma ◽  
Poojan Dogra
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Induction Of Labour ◽  
Cervical Ripening ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group B ◽  
Retrospective Comparative Study ◽  
Group 1

Background: The aim is to compare the improvement in pre-induction Bishop’s score, proportion of patients going in labor and induction–delivery interval after using the Misoprostol versus Mifepristone and Misoprostol as cervical ripening and labor inducing agent.Methods: It is retrospective comparative study conducted on 110 women. Women were randomized in group A and in group B of 55 patients in each group. Group A received tab Mifepristone 200 mg orally on day 1 followed by Misoprostol 25 ug after 48 hours and continued 6 hourly till maximum four tablets and group B patients received tablet Misoprostol 25ug and continued 25ug 6hrly maximum 4 doses. Women observed for improvement in Bishop‟s score, induction-delivery interval and requirement of subsequent doses of Misoprostol.Results: Present study concluded that tablet Mifepristone is an efficient cervical ripening and inducing agent of labor as pre-induction Bishop’s score was improved. 36.4%patients went into labor only with tablet Mifepristone. The mean induction-delivery interval was,19±12.2hrs in Group 1 as compare to 13.1±13.0 hrs in Group 2. Mean Bishop’s score observed in Group 1 were 2.5±1.78 and 1.67±1.25 in Group 2. It was observed that there was significant improvement in the Bishop’s score after giving Mifepristone to the patients; mean Bishop’s 24hrs after mifepristone were 4.03±1.80. Repeated dose of Misoprostol required in Group 1 was observed to be higher than group 2 as shown in table 8. Mean misoprostol doses required in group 1 was 2.56±1.15 as compared to 1.71±1.58 in group 2.Conclusions: Mifepristone with Misoprostol reduce the induction delivery interval and more potent in combination for induction of labour as compared to Misoprostol alone.

scholarly journals Efficacy and safety of Ex-PRESS® mini shunt surgery versus trabeculectomy for neovascular glaucoma: a retrospective comparative study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuyuki Kawabata ◽  
Kohei Shobayashi ◽  
Keiichiro Iwao ◽  
Eri Takahashi ◽  
Hidenobu Tanihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Neovascular Glaucoma ◽  
Shunt Surgery ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Retrospective Comparative Study

Evaluation of oral S-1 as a first-line chemotherapy for metastatic HER2-negative breast cancer: An analysis of two randomized phase III studies (SELECT BC-CONFIRM and SELECT BC).

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1083-1083
Author(s):  
Reiki Nishimura ◽  
Hirofumi Mukai ◽  
Yukari Uemura ◽  
Hiromitsu Akabane ◽  
Youngjin Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Metastatic Breast Cancer ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
Phase Iii ◽  
First Line ◽  
Standard Treatment Group ◽  
Line Chemotherapy

1083 Background: Anthracycline regimens and taxane have been first line chemotherapeutic options for HER2 negative metastatic breast cancer. In a previous phase III trial (SELECT BC), non-inferiority of S-1 was demonstrated in terms of overall survival (OS). The SELECT BC-CONFIRM study was designed to confirm the results of the SELECT BC study and to combine the two randomized studies. Methods: Patients (n = 618) in the first trial were randomly assigned (1:1) to the S-1 group or the taxane group. Patients (n = 230) in the second trial (SELECT BC-CONFIRM) were randomly assigned to the anthracycline group or the S-1 group. Treatment continued until tumor progression, unacceptable toxic effects, or completion of six courses in the standard regimen group and four courses in the S-1 group. The primary endpoint was OS and secondary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS), time to treatment failure, adverse events, HRQOL and cost-effectiveness. A pooled analysis of the two studies was predefined to confirm the results of the SELECT BC study. Results: 1. The HR for the anthracycline group was 1.09 [95%CI 0.80-1.48] in SELECT BC-CONFIRM, and the estimated predictive posterior probability that the HR does not exceed the threshold 1.333 was 90.27%. 2. Median OS was 32.7 months (S-1 group) and 36.3 months (standard treatment group). S-1 was not inferior to standard treatment in terms of OS (p non-inferiority = 0.0062). Median PFS was 11.2 months (S-1 group) and 11.2 months (standard treatment group). 3. Treatment was discontinued due to adverse events (i.e., neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, fatigue and edema) in 5.7% in the S-1 group and 6.6% in the standard treatment group 4. The EORTC QLQ-C30 questionnaire (global health status) revealed that there was no difference between the S-1 and anthracycline groups (p = 0.257), but there was a significant difference between the S-1 and taxane groups (p = 0.0039). Conclusions: S-1 is not inferior to taxane or anthracycline with respect to OS as a first-line treatment for MBC. S-1 should be considered a new option as a first-line chemotherapy for HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer patients. Clinical trial information: UMIN000005449.

Abstract 113: Beneficial or Harmful? The Role of Intensive Anti-hypertensive Treatment in the Development of Chronic Kidney Disease

Hypertension ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Wang ◽  
Donna Wang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Intensive Treatment ◽  
Percent Reduction ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Treatment Target ◽  
Renal Outcomes ◽  
Standard Treatment Group

Hypertension is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease, and one of the goals of anti-hypertensive treatment is to protect the kidney. However, it is unknown how low of blood pressure as the treatment target should be so that anti-hypertensive therapy would not bring harm to patients especially for those already suffer from chronic kidney disease (CKD). Thus, we used the data set from The Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) to study the effect of lowering systolic blood pressure on renal disease development. The SPRINT data randomly assigned patients with a systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 130 mm Hg or higher to a SBP treatment target of less than 120 mm Hg (intensive treatment, n=4678) or a treatment target of less than 140 mm Hg (standard treatment, n=4683). We examined the effect of intensive treatment on six renal outcomes: 1) CKD composite, 2)50 percent reduction in eGFR, 3) dialysis 4) albuminuria, 5) 30 percent reduction in eGFR for patients with CKD at baseline (n=2646) and 6) albuminuria for patients without CKD at baseline (n=6715). Generalized Estimating Equation is used to account the correlation of blood pressure levels over time. At the end of year 1, the mean SBP was 121.4± 0.21 mm Hg in the intensive treatment group and 136.2± 0.21 mm Hg in the standard treatment group. The patients in intensive group were found to have a higher chance of 30% reduction of eGFR (OR=3.684, 95% CI= 2.51-5.40) than in standard treatment group. There was no difference between intensive and standard treatment groups for other 5 outcomes. In addition, 1 mm Hg elevation in SBP in patients with CDK at baseline significantly increased the chance of CKD composite (OR=1.03, 95% CI=1.01-1.04), the chance of 50 percent reduction in eGFR (OR=1.02, 95% CI=1.01-1.05), and chance of 30 percent reduction in eGFR (OR=1.02, 95% CI=1.01-1.02). Thus, SBP significantly correlated with renal outcomes in CKD patients. Our data show that five renal outcomes examined using SPRINT data set are not improved by intensive management of SBP in CKD patients, rather, patients received intensive management have a higher risk of eGFR reduction by 30%, which could be detrimental. Our study indicated that intensive SBP management should not be recommended to CKD patients.

scholarly journals Total Glucosides of Paeony Capsule Plus Compound Glycyrrhizin Tablets for the Treatment of Severe Alopecia Areata in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dingquan Yang ◽  
Jingwen Zheng ◽  
Yuming Zhang ◽  
Yueli Jin ◽  
Chaonan Gan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Adverse Events ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Effective Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Total Glucosides Of Paeony

Total glucosides of paeony capsule (TGPC) and compound glycyrrhizin tablets (CGT) are plant extracts of glycosides. We conducted this study to examine the efficacy and safety of TGPC plus CGT for severe alopecia areata in children. 117 subjects were randomly allocated into TGPC plus CGT group or CGT group. For consecutive 12 months, subjects were given oral TGPC and CGT or oral CGT alone. The outcome measures included score of alopecia areata severity, effective rate, and adverse events observed in the 3rd, 6th, and 12th month. We found that the scores of alopecia areata severity of both groups were significantly reduced, and the scores of treatment group were lower than those of control group; for effective rate, there was no statistical difference between the two groups in the 3rd month, while in the 6th and 12th months the treatment group was superior compared with control group; the incidence rate of adverse events between the two groups was not statistically different, and no severe adverse events were observed. In conclusion, TGPC plus CGT appears effective and safe for severe alopecia areata in children.

Prophylactic angiographic embolisation after endoscopic control of bleeding to high-risk peptic ulcers: a randomised controlled trial

Gut ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 796-803 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Y W Lau ◽  
Rapat Pittayanon ◽  
Ka-Tak Wong ◽  
Nutcha Pinjaroen ◽  
Philip Wai Yan Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Primary Endpoint ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Recurrent Bleeding ◽  
Peptic Ulcers ◽  
Endoscopic Haemostasis ◽  
Endoscopic Control ◽  
Standard Treatment Group

ObjectivesIn the management of patients with bleeding peptic ulcers, recurrent bleeding is associated with high mortality. We investigated if added angiographic embolisation after endoscopic haemostasis to high-risk ulcers could reduce recurrent bleeding.DesignAfter endoscopic haemostasis to their bleeding gastroduodenal ulcers, we randomised patients with at least one of these criteria (ulcers≥20 mm in size, spurting bleeding, hypotensive shock or haemoglobin<9 g/dL) to receive added angiographic embolisation or standard treatment. Our primary endpoint was recurrent bleeding within 30 days.ResultsBetween January 2010 and July 2014, 241 patients were randomised (added angiographic embolisation n=118, standard treatment n=123); 22 of 118 patients (18.6%) randomised to angiography did not receive embolisation. In an intention-to-treat analysis, 12 (10.2%) in the embolisation and 14 (11.4%) in the standard treatment group reached the primary endpoint (HR 1.14, 95% CI 0.53 to 2.46; p=0.745). The rate of reinterventions (13 vs 17; p=0.510) and deaths (3 vs 5, p=0.519) were similar. In a per-protocol analysis, 6 of 96 (6.2%) rebled after embolisation compared with 14 of 123 (11.4%) in the standard treatment group (HR 1.89, 95% CI 0.73 to 4.92; p=0.192). None of 96 patients died after embolisation compared with 5 (4.1%) deaths in the standard treatment group (p=0.108). In a posthoc analysis, embolisation reduced recurrent bleeding only in patients with ulcers≥15 mm in size (2 (4.5%) vs 12 (23.1%); p=0.027).ConclusionsAfter endoscopic haemostasis, added embolisation does not reduce recurrent bleeding.Trial registration numberNCT01142180.

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