scholarly journals Echinococcus in the orbit: an unusual hideout

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hetal Marfatia ◽  
Nilam U. Sathe ◽  
Subodh Hosagadde ◽  
Keya Shah
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Hydatid Disease ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Intracranial Extension ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽  
Unilateral Proptosis

Isolated involvement of the orbit by hydatidosis is extremely rare. It is a parasitic infestation due to a tapeworm called <em>Echinococcus Granulosus</em>. It is an uncommon disease in head and neck region as it commonly manifests in the lungs and liver. When seen in head and neck, it has been found in the orbit, paranasal sinuses and salivary glands. Orbital hydatidosis per se forms only 1% of all types of hydatid disease. It is endemic in Africa, Middle East and Southeast Asian countries including India. In orbital hydatid disease, patients usually present with unilateral proptosis and diminution of vision. Proptosis is classically painless. Total surgical removal remains the mainstay of treatment. A 30-year-old female belonging to lower socio-economic status, presented with left eye proptosis since 2 years. There was a gradual increase in proptosis associated with diminution of vision over the last 4 months. This finally led to complete loss of vision in a period of two months. Computed tomography scan showed two soft homogenous non-enhancing cystic structures present in the orbit abutting the optic nerve without any intracranial extension; most likely differentials are a developmental cyst, hydatid cyst, epidermoid cyst, rhabdomyosarcoma or a nerve sheath tumor. Magnetic resonance imaging showed two T1 hypointense non-enhancing, T2 hyperintense soft cystic capsulated space-occupying lesions present in the extraconal compartment of orbit abutting the optic nerve, likely to be lymphangioma or a hydatid cyst. Surgery was planned and endoscopic orbital decompression was done. Sago grain-like granules were seen pouring out of the cysts. Cyst walls were completely removed in piecemeal and the specimen was sent for histopathology. Immediate intra-operative reduction of proptosis was seen. The final histopathological report was suggestive of hydatid cyst.

Hydatid cyst of the pterygopalatine-infratemporal fossa

1996 ◽  
Vol 110 (10) ◽  
pp. 978-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Gangopadhyay ◽  
M. O. Abuzeid ◽  
H. Kfoury
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Hydatid Disease ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Infratemporal Fossa ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
The Body ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Lung Hydatid

AbstractHydatid disease is caused by the parasitic tapeworm Echinococcus. This parasite in larval stage can thrive in many parts of the body, most commonly in the liver and the lung. Hydatid disease in the head and neck region is rare. An unusual location for hydatid disease in the pterygopalatine fossa-infratemporal fossa is presented. The patient did not have evidence of any other cyst on a ten-year follow-up.

Infratemporal hydatid cyst – unusual location of echinococcosis

1994 ◽  
Vol 108 (7) ◽  
pp. 601-603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Levent Sennaroḡlu ◽  
Metin ÖNercĩ ◽  
Ergĩn Turan ◽  
Arzu Sungur
Keyword(s):  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Hydatid Disease ◽  
Infratemporal Fossa ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Unusual Location

AbstractHydatid disease is an important medical problem in countries of the temperate zones. Only occasional cases are reported in the head and neck region. An unusual location for hydatid disease in the infratemporal fossa is presented. Characteristics of this rare disease together with treatment modalities are discussed.

scholarly journals Role of sclerotherapy in management of low flow vascular malformations

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1234
Author(s):  
Manpreet Kaur ◽  
Parul Sachdeva ◽  
Rajan Syal ◽  
Savijot Singh
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Vascular Malformations ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Low Flow ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Complete Regression ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Life Threatening

Background: Low flow vascular malformations are most common in the head and neck region. Only symptomatic malformations require treatment. Sclerotherapy followed by surgery was considered the gold standard treatment but in the head and neck region, it may produce cosmetic and physiological defects. In the present study, multiple injections of sclerotherapy with 3% sodium tetradecyl sulphate was used for the treatment of low flow vascular malformations.Methods: Twenty cases of low flow vascular malformations of the oral cavity who presented in the outpatient department of ESIC Model Hospital, Ludhiana from 2014-2016 were selected for the study. Only significantly sized (>4 cm) and easily accessible lesions were included. Staged sequential sclerotherapy with 3% STS under strict fluoroscopy control was used as the sole treatment.Results: A total of 20 patients were taken of which, 25% required three sessions, 65% five to six sessions each and 10% required eight sessions each. All patients showed good results with complete regression and no mucosal ulceration.Conclusions: Staged sequential sclerotherapy with 3% STS should be the treatment of choice in low flow vascular lesions involving mucosal and cutaneous structures of head and neck region especially anterior two-thirds of tongue, palate, gingiva, buccal mucosa and lips. Surgical removal may affect critical neurovascular structures and cause cosmetic deformity. So the removal is advisable in life-threatening conditions, lesions requiring general anaesthesia and single sitting removal.

scholarly journals Dermoid cyst over the left sphenoid in a child: a rare case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 1688
Author(s):  
Andrews Navin Kumar ◽  
Anubhav Shivpuri ◽  
Sandeep Mehta ◽  
Shanender Singh Sambyal
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Dermoid Cyst ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Rare Case Report

<p class="abstract">In this case report a bony swelling was noticed clinically which had a cystic presentation in CT imaging. After surgical removal it was sent for histopathological examination and was diagnosed as dermoid cyst. Dermoid cyst is rarely encountered lesions of head and neck region so most frequently misdiagnosed. Though this lesion is very rare but should be considered as a differential diagnosis while evaluation cystic lesions of head and neck region.</p>

Second malignancies in children with head and neck primary tumors.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e22014-e22014
Author(s):  
Rejin Kebudi ◽  
Sema Bay Buyukkapu ◽  
Omer Gorgun ◽  
Ayca Iribas ◽  
Fulya Yaman Agaoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽  
Second Malignancies ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Increased Risk

e22014 Background: Children with primaries in the head and neck region, especially those who recieve radiotherapy (RT) are at increased risk for second malignancies (SM). This study aims to assess the incidence and outcome of SM in children with head and neck primary tumors. Methods: During 1990-2017, 3214 children with cancer were treated in theIstanbul University, Oncology Institute. The primary tumor was in the head and neck region in 1414 (651 brain tumors,289 retinoblastoma,474 other). Survivors followed up for at least 3 years from diagnosis were evaluated for second malignancies. Results: 30 SM were identified in 28 survivors (18 male,10 female) at a median of 12 years (2-26) from diagnosis. The primary diagnosis was nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in 8, bilateral retinoblastoma (RBS) in 7, embryonal brain tumors (CNST) in 8, Hodgkin lymphoma (HD) in 3, rhabdomyosarcoma(RMS) in 2. Two RBS patients who did not recieve radiotherapy developed pilocytic astrocytoma (at 2 years) and osteosarcoma of the extremity (at 4 years) each, both are alive with no evidence of disease (NED) for 3.5 and 10 years. 26 patients recieved RT: one with CNST developed MDS (at 8 years) and died due to complications after stem cell transplantation (SCT). One with NPC developed PNET of the bladder (at 5 years) and died of disease (DOD). One with relapse HD developed Langerhans cell histiocytosis 2 years after SCTand is with NED for 10 years. The other 23 developed SM in the/proximity of the RT field. These SM were 7 sarcomas (in 4 retinoblastoma,2 NPC, 1 RMS), 6 thyroid cancer (in 2 CNST, 1 RMS, 1 HD, 1 NPC), 3 meningiomas (in 2 CNST, 1 RBS), 5 carcinomas (in 4 NPC, 1 RBS), 1 basal cell carcinoma (in a recurrent re-irradiated CNST, is with NED), 1 peripheral nerve sheath tumor (in 1 HD, DOD), glioblastoma multiforme and non Hodgkin's lymphoma (in the same CNST case, DOD at 6 months). One of the NPC case developed both sarcoma (at 18 years) and carcinoma (at 25 years, NED). The RT dose (20-70 Gy) differed according to diagnosis. All survivors of thyroid cancer are with NED except one who died in an accident; of 3 meningiomas, the one with retinoblastoma who developed malignant meningioma died. Of five carciinomas as SM, two with NPC who developed carcinomas died. Of sarcomas as SM, two with fibrosarcomas are with NED at 10 years each (1NPC, 1 RMS). All patients survived for a median of 3 (0.5-16) years after SM; 16/28 (57%) are with NED at a median of 8 (1-16) years; 12 died at a median of 1.8 (0.5-4.75) years after SM. (1 CNST due to accident, 1 NPC due to infectious complications after a reconstructive surgery, 10 DOD). All SM were detected early during regular surveillance. Conclusions: Children with head and neck primaries are at risk for SM which may occur many years later, especially in RT sites. RT should be avoided when possible such as currently in RBS. Patients need regular surveillance lifelong, for early detection of SM. SM should be treated with curative intent, to achieve long term survival.

scholarly journals Primary hydatidosis of the thyroid gland: A case report

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 13-14
Author(s):  
M. M. Sathekge ◽  
M. N. Muthuphei ◽  
I. Mandiwana
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Hydatid Disease ◽  
Larval Stage ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
The Body ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Diagnostic Difficulties

Hydatid disease is caused by the parasitic tapeworm, Echinococcus granulosus. This parasite in the larval stage can thrive in many parts of the body, most commonly in the liver and the lungs. Hydatid disease in the head and neck region is rare. An unusual location for hydatid disease in the thyroid gland is presented. The patient did not have other cysts postoperatively. The authors state the diagnostic difficulties caused by the omission of sonography during the diagnostic approach.

Hydatid Cyst of the Maxillary Sinus

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Somanath B Megalamani ◽  
Deepak Balasubramanium ◽  
Surianarayana Gopalakrishnan ◽  
Sunil Kumar Saxena
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Hydatid Cyst ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Maxillary Sinus ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Parasitic Infestation ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Head And Neck Region

ABSTRACT Hydatid disease is a parasitic infestation by a tapeworm of the genus Echinococcus. The disease is endemic in the Middle East, the South Asia and South America. The larvae usually cause cystic lesions in the lung and liver. Hydatid cysts are known to affect the head and neck region. The presence of this cyst in the maxillary sinus is extremely rare and should be suspected in cases presenting from endemic countries.

Dermoids (‘hairy polyps’) of the oro-nasopharynx

1989 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 612-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. McShane ◽  
I El Sherif ◽  
W Doyle-Kelly ◽  
G Fennell ◽  
M Walsh
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
General Anaesthesia ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Early Embryogenesis ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Airway Compromise ◽  
Upper Aerodigestive Tract ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Operative Complications

AbstractDermoids, or hairy polyps, are rare lesions affecting the head and neck region. To date approximately 120 cases have been recorded. They arise during early embryogenesis and are invariably benign. Unlike the more differentiated types of teratoma, hairy polyps are derived from only two germinal layers, ectoderm and mesoderm. Most originate in the oro-nasopharyngeal region, either as pedunculated or sessile masses. They usually present at, or soon after, birth with signs of upper aerodigestive tract obstruction. Treatment consists of surgical removal. In young children with airway compromise, the expertise of an experienced paediatric anaesthetist is essential.Three new cases of hairy polyp are described to add to the present literature. Two originated in the nasopharynx and one in the oropharynx. Interestingly, one patient, a neonate, also suffered from severe osteopetrosis. All lesions were removed by simple surgical excision under general anaesthesia. There were no operative or post-operative complications.

scholarly journals A clinical study of tuberculous cervical lymphadenopathy: surgeon’s perspectives

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiran Patel
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cervical Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Severity Of Illness ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Excision Biopsy ◽  
Primary Malignancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Head And Neck Region

Background: Cervical lymphadenopathy is common in this country. There are many causes of cervical lymphadenopathy like, malignancies, infections, autoimmune disorders, iatrogenic, and other miscellaneous conditions. There are more chances of wrong clinical diagnosis in case  of lymphadenopathy than any other diseases. The present study was planned with the objective to study the clinical presentation of tuberculous cervical lymphadenopathy.Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional study was undertaken with inclusion of all cases of cervical lymphadenopathy attending the department of general surgery. The patients with cervical lymphadenopathy irrespective of age, sex, caste, religion, socio-economic status, duration and severity of illness were included in this study. The patients with primary malignancy, patients with clinical features of suspected malignancy like obvious growth or ulcer in head and neck region and pregnant women were excluded from the study.Results: Total 130 patients presented with cervical lymphadenopathy during the study duration. Infective etiology was the commonest (55, 42.31%) cause for the cervical lymphadenopathy followed by TB (50, 38.46%). The commonest age group affected by tuberculous cervical lymphadenopathy (TCL) was 20-35 years. The females (29, 58.00%) were more affected with TCL as compared to males (21, 42.00%). A majority of the patients (45, 90.00%) had unilateral TCL. Commonly involved lymph node group was level V (26, 52.00%). Other than excision biopsy (12 patients), no other type of surgery was needed in patients.Conclusions: Though, anti-tuberculous chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment for TCL, surgical treatment is more useful in selected cases. In this regard, early diagnosis and treatment are critical in lowering the overall prevalence. Therefore, it is important that surgeons are aware of tuberculosis in the head and neck region.

Pediatric dermoid cysts of the head and neck

2005 ◽  
Vol 132 (6) ◽  
pp. 938-942 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shepherd G. Pryor ◽  
Jean E. Lewis ◽  
Amy L. Weaver ◽  
Laura J. Orvidas
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Dermoid Cyst ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Intracranial Extension ◽  
Imaging Studies ◽  
Complete Excision ◽  
Palpable Mass ◽  
Common Location

OBJECTIVE: To review the characteristics and determine treatment outcomes of pediatric dermoid cysts. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective review of the presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and outcomes of all pediatric dermoid cysts of the head and neck examined between 1980 and 2002 at Mayo Clinic. RESULTS: Forty-nine patients (59% girls) had a dermoid cyst of the head and neck. The median age at diagnosis was 22 months. The most common presenting sign was a palpable mass, noted in 100% of patients. During evaluation, approximately 25 patients (51%) had imaging studies. The most common location of the cysts was periorbital (61%), followed by the neck (18%; including 1 submental cyst). Various surgical approaches were chosen. In 2 patients (4%), the dermoid cyst had an intracranial extension. Only 1 patient experienced recurrence. The median pathologic diameter of the cysts was 1.2 cm. CONCLUSIONS: Dermoid cysts are unusual neoplasms that often present in childhood, with the orbit being the area most commonly affected in the head and neck region. Imaging studies help rule out an intracranial or intraorbital extension. With complete excision, recurrence is unusual. SIGNIFICANCE: Our review will assist both primary care physicians and subspecialists in diagnosing and treating dermoid cysts.

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