Injury Rehabilitation Overadherence: Preliminary Scale Validation and Relationships With Athletic Identity and Self-Presentation Concerns

Context: Evidence suggests that nonadherence to rehabilitation protocols may be associated with worse clinical and functional rehabilitation outcomes. Recently, it has been recognized that nonadherence may not only reflect a lack of rehabilitation engagement but that some athletes may “overadhere” to their injury-rehabilitation regimen or risk a premature return to sport. Presently, no measure of overadherence exists, and correlates of overadherence and risking a premature return to sport remain uncertain. Objective: To provide initial validation of a novel injury-rehabilitation overadherence measure (study 1) and to examine correlates of overadherence and risking a premature return to sport (study 2). Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: High school athletes (study 1) and collegiate athletes (study 2). Patients or Other Participants: In study 1, 118 currently injured US adolescent athletes competing in a range of high school sports participated. In study 2, 105 currently injured collegiate athletes (National Collegiate Athletic Association Divisions I–III) volunteered. Main Outcome Measure(s): The Rehabilitation Overadherence Questionnaire was a novel instrument developed to assess injured athletes' tendency toward overadherence behaviors and beliefs. We used an adapted version of the Injury Psychological Readiness to Return to Sport Scale to assess the tendency to risk a premature return to sport. Results: In study 1, the construct validity of the overadherence measure was supported using principal axis factoring. Moreover, bivariate correlation and regression analyses indicated that self-presentation concerns and athletic identity were positive predictors of adolescent rehabilitation overadherence and a premature return to sport. Study 2 provided support for the 2-factor structure of the overadherence measure found in study 1 via confirmatory factor analysis. Further support for the relationship among self-presentation concerns, athletic identity, and rehabilitation overadherence was also noted. Conclusions: The Rehabilitation Overadherence Questionnaire is a valid and reliable measure of overadherence.

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Sport-Related Concussion: Knowledge and Reporting Behaviors Among Collegiate Club-Sport Athletes

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-266-17 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (9) ◽

pp. 866-872 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Erica Beidler ◽

Abigail C. Bretzin ◽

Colin Hanock ◽

Tracey Covassin

Keyword(s):

National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽

Collegiate Athletes ◽

Signs And Symptoms ◽

Knowledge Score ◽

General Knowledge ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Reporting Behaviors ◽

Club Sports ◽

Sport Type ◽

Club Sport

Context: Previous literature on sport-related concussion (SRC) knowledge and reporting behaviors has been limited to high school and National Collegiate Athletic Association collegiate athletes; however, knowledge regarding collegiate club-sport athletes is limited. Objective: To determine the level of SRC knowledge and reporting behaviors among collegiate club-sport athletes and to investigate differences between athletes in traditional and nontraditional sports. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Survey. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 410 athletes (247 males, 163 females) involved in traditional (n = 244) or nontraditional (n = 165) collegiate club sports. Main Outcome Measure(s): The survey consisted of demographics, recognition of SRC signs and symptoms, general SRC knowledge, and reasons why athletes would not report SRCs. The independent variable was sport type. Sport-related concussion signs and symptoms and general knowledge were assessed by the frequency of correct answers to SRC signs and symptoms and general knowledge questions. Sport-related concussion-reporting behavior frequencies were evaluated by asking participants to indicate reasons why they did not or would not report an SRC. Results: The SRC signs and symptoms knowledge score was 23.01 ± 3.19 and general SRC knowledge score was 36.49 ± 4.16 (maximal score = 43). No differences were present for SRC signs and symptoms knowledge (F1,408 = 1.99, P = .16) or general SRC knowledge (F1,408 = 3.28, P = .07) between athletes in traditional and nontraditional collegiate club sports. The most common reason for not reporting an SRC was not recognizing it as a serious injury (n = 165, 40.3%). Chi-square tests demonstrated significant relationships between sport type and 5 reasons for not reporting an SRC. Conclusions: The participants displayed moderate to high levels of knowledge of SRCs but indicated they had failed to or would fail to report SRCs for a variety of reasons. The lack of sports medicine coverage and disconnect between knowledge and injury recognition may make collegiate club-sport athletes more likely to participate while concussed.

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Characteristics of Operative Shoulder Injuries in the National Collegiate Athletic Association, 2009-2010 Through 2013-2014

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/2325967118790764 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (8) ◽

pp. 232596711879076

Author(s):

Joseph A. Gil ◽

Avi D. Goodman ◽

Steven F. DeFroda ◽

Brett D. Owens

Keyword(s):

National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽

Collegiate Athletes ◽

Injury Surveillance ◽

Ice Hockey ◽

Surveillance Program ◽

Shoulder Injuries ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Glenoid Labrum ◽

Significant Difference

Background: Injuries to the upper extremity among collegiate athletes are reported to account for approximately 20% of all injuries; however, little is known about the proportion of these injuries that require surgery. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to examine all shoulder injuries that required a surgical intervention and were recorded in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Injury Surveillance Program (ISP). We hypothesized that contact would be the mechanism causing injuries most at risk for needing surgery and that dislocations would be the injuries most likely to require an operative intervention. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Injury surveillance data between 2009-2010 and 2013-2014 for operative collegiate shoulder injuries and their associated sport exposures were analyzed. Results: A total of 185 operative shoulder injuries occurred over 3,739,004 athlete-exposures (AEs), for an overall incidence of 0.49 per 10,000 AEs. The sports with the highest incidence of operative injuries were men’s football (1.31/10,000 AEs), men’s wrestling (1.14/10,000 AEs), men’s ice hockey (0.60/10,000 AEs), women’s gymnastics (0.44/10,000 AEs), and men’s swimming (0.41/10,000 AEs). Men were significantly more likely than women to sustain operative injuries for all sports combined. Of the injuries that required surgical treatment, superior labrum from anterior to posterior (SLAP) tears (46.4%), other non-SLAP glenoid labrum tears (46.2%), anterior shoulder dislocations (33.3%), and posterior shoulder dislocations (30.0%) were seen most often. There was no significant difference in injury proportion ratios (IPRs) for injuries requiring surgery when comparing contact versus noncontact mechanisms of injury (IPR, 1.0 [95% CI, 0.6-1.6]). The incidence of operative injuries sustained during competition was significantly higher compared with during practice. Conclusion: The sports with the highest incidence of operative shoulder injuries were men’s football, men’s wrestling, men’s ice hockey, and women’s gymnastics. Operative shoulder injuries were more likely to occur during competition. SLAP tears, other non-SLAP glenoid labrum tears, and anterior shoulder dislocations had the highest incidence of requiring surgery. Athletes sustaining these injuries, along with their coaches and medical providers, may benefit from identifying collegiate sport participants who are at highest risk for sustaining an operative injury. This may assist in planning medical care and setting expectations, which may be critical to a young athlete’s career.

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Increased Ligament Thickness in Previously Sprained Ankles as Measured by Musculoskeletal Ultrasound

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.77 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 193-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Kathy Liu ◽

Geoff Gustavsen ◽

Todd Royer ◽

Erik A. Wikstrom ◽

Joseph Glutting ◽

...

Keyword(s):

National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽

Ankle Instability ◽

Collegiate Athletes ◽

Scar Tissue ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Anterior Talofibular Ligament ◽

Ankle Sprains ◽

Injured Limb ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Morphologic Changes

Context: Lateral ankle sprains are among the most common injuries in sport, with the anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) most susceptible to damage. Although we understand that after a sprain, scar tissue forms within the ligament, little is known about the morphologic changes in a ligament after injury. Objective: To examine whether morphologic differences exist in the thickness of the ATFL in healthy, coper, and unstable-ankle groups. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Laboratory. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 80 National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I collegiate athletes (43 women, 37 men, age = 18.2 ± 1.1 years, height = 175.8 ± 11.1 cm, body mass = 75.0 ± 16.9 kg) participated in this study. They were categorized into the healthy, coper, or unstable group by history of ankle sprains and score on the Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool. Main Outcome Measure(s): A musculoskeletal sonographic image of the ATFL was obtained from each ankle. Thickness of the ATFL was measured at the midpoint of the ligament between the attachments on the lateral malleolus and talus. Results: A group-by-limb interaction was evident (P = .038). The ATFLs of the injured limb for the coper group (2.20 ± 0.47 mm) and the injured limb for the unstable group (2.28 ± 0.53 mm) were thicker than the ATFL of the “injured” limb of the healthy group (1.95 ± 0.29 mm) at P = .015 and P = .015, respectively. No differences were seen in the uninjured limbs among groups. Conclusions: Because ATFL thicknesses of the healthy group's uninjured ankles were similar, we contend that lasting morphologic changes occurred in those with a previous injury to the ankle. Similar differences were seen between the injured limbs of the coper and unstable groups, so there must be another explanation for the sensations of instability and the reinjuries in the unstable group.

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Hubungan lingkar pinggang dengan frekuensi napas pada guru SMP Kristen Eben Haezar 1, 2, dan SMA Kristen Eben Haezar Manado

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.4.2.2016.14612 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Jessica G. Mogi ◽

Herlina I.S. Wungouw ◽

Hedison Polii

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Respiratory Rate ◽

Junior High School ◽

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Abdominal Fat ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Simple Method ◽

Bivariate Correlation ◽

The Mean

Abstract: Waist circumference is a simple method of measuring abdominal fat, which encompasses visceral and subcutaneous fat. Excessive abdominal fat in people with large waist circumference can compress the chest wall and diaphragm mechanically causing an inability of the lungs to expand optimally, which results in shallow and rapid breathing pattern. Teachers are among the high-risk groups to experience an increase in the waist circumference due to the sedentary work pattern. This was an observational study with a cross-sectional design. This study was aimed to obtain the correlation between waist circumference and respiratory rate in teachers. The results showed that there were 84 teachers of Eben Haezar Christian Junior High School 1, 2, and Eben Haezar Christian Senior High School Manado as subjects. Measurements of waist circumference and respiratry rate were performed on all subjects. It was found that the mean waist circumference of female teachers was 89.04 cm meanwhile of male teachers was 92.31 cm. The mean respiratory rate was 21 breaths per minute. The Pearson Bivariate Correlation statistic test showed that there was a significant positive moderate correlation between waist circumference and respiratory rate (r = 0.493; p < 0.05).Keywords: waist circumference, respiratory rate, teachers Abstrak: Lingkar pinggang merupakan suatu metode sederhana yang digunakan untuk mengukur lemak di bagian abdomen, meliputi lemak viseral dan lemak subkutan. Lemak abdominal yang berlebihan menekan dinding dada dan diafragma sehingga paru-paru tidak dapat mengembang secara optimal, menyebabkan pernapasan yang cepat dan dangkal. Guru merupakan kelompok yang berisiko mengalami peningkatan ukuran lingkar pinggang dikarenakan pola pekerjaan yang sedenter. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat hubungan antara lingkar pinggang dan frekuensi napas pada guru-guru. Jenis penelitian ialah observasional dengan desain potong lintang. Terdapat 84 subjek terdiri dari guru-guru yang mengajar di SMP Kristen Eben Haezar 1, 2, dan SMA Kristen Eben Haezar Manado. Pengukuran lingkar pinggang dan frekuensi pernapasan dilakukan secara langsung. Hasil penelitian mendapatkan rerata lingkar pinggang pada guru wanita ialah 89,04 cm dan pada guru pria 92,31 cm, dengan rerata frekuensi napas 21 kali per menit. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji korelasi Pearson bivariat menunjukkan bahwa ukuran lingkar pinggang memiliki korelasi positif yang bermakna dan cukup kuat dengan frekuensi napas (r = 0,493; p < 0,05). Kata kunci: lingkar pinggang, frekuensi napas, guru

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Hand and Wrist Injuries Among Collegiate Athletes: The Role of Sex and Competition on Injury Rates and Severity

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/2325967120964622 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. 232596712096462

Author(s):

Andrew M. Simpson ◽

Daniel P. Donato ◽

Jacob Veith ◽

David Magno-Padron ◽

Jayant P. Agarwal

Keyword(s):

National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽

Collegiate Athletes ◽

Wrist Fracture ◽

Ice Hockey ◽

National Database ◽

Surveillance Program ◽

Wrist Injuries ◽

Collegiate Sports ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Using Data

Background: There is a high incidence of hand and wrist injuries in athletes participating in collegiate sports, but there is little information published characterizing them. Purpose: To characterize hand and wrist injuries in collegiate athletes using a large national database. Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional analysis was designed using data from the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Injury Surveillance Program database to identify hand and wrist injuries (exclusive of any radial or ulnar fractures) in male and female collegiate athletes participating in NCAA Division I, II, and III sports from 2004 to 2015. Descriptive analyses were performed on stratified data to examine the associations between these injuries and sport, event type, and sex. Results: Men’s ice hockey (8.25 per 10,000 athlete-exposures [AEs]) and women's ice hockey (8.21 per 10,000 AEs) had the highest rate of hand and wrist injuries in all exposures. In every sport except women’s gymnastics ( P = .107), injuries were more commonly sustained during competition rather than during practice. Ligamentous injury to the phalynx was the most commonly sustained injury overall (1.416 per 10,000 AEs), and a metacarpal fracture was the most commonly sustained hand or wrist fracture (0.507 per 10,000 AEs). Injuries sustained during men’s wrestling (14.08 days) and women’s gymnastics (10.39 days) incurred the most time lost from sport. Surgery for hand and wrist injuries was most commonly required for men’s football (0.413 per 10,000 AEs) and women’s field hockey (0.404 per 10,000 AEs). Conclusion: Hand and wrist injuries were common among collegiate athletes. Male athletes experienced injuries with more frequency and severity. Injuries occurred more commonly during competition. While the majority of injuries were minor and did not require surgery, certain sports conferred a much higher risk of significant injuries requiring a surgical intervention.

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Return to Sport After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in a Cohort of Division I NCAA Athletes From a Single Institution

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/2325967120982281 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 232596712098228 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Biagio Zampogna ◽

Sebastiano Vasta ◽

Guglielmo Torre ◽

Akhil Gupta ◽

Carolyn M. Hettrich ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acl Reconstruction ◽

National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽

Cruciate Ligament ◽

Return To Sport ◽

Collegiate Athletes ◽

Division I ◽

Sport Activities ◽

Anterior Cruciate ◽

Division I Athletes

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are common in collegiate athletes. The rate of return to the preinjury level of sport activities after ACL reconstruction continues to evolve. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to determine the return-to-sport rate after ACL reconstruction in a cohort of National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes in different sports. It was hypothesized that, with intensive supervision of rehabilitation, the return-to-sport rate would be optimal. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 75 collegiate athletes from a single institution who had undergone unilateral or bilateral ACL reconstruction between 2001 and 2013 and participated in an extensive supervised rehabilitation program. Prospectively collected athlete data as well as data about preinjury exposure, associated lesions, surgical technique, time lost to injury, number of games missed, time to return to full sport activity or retire, and subsequent surgical procedures were extracted from the medical and athletic trainer records. Results: The 75 patients (40 male, 35 female; mean age, 20.1 years) underwent 81 reconstruction procedures (73 primary, 8 revision). The mean follow-up was 19.3 months. The overall return-to-sport rate was 92%. After reconstruction, 9 athletes (12%) retired from collegiate sports, but 3 of them returned to sport activities after graduation. Overall, 8 athletes (11%) experienced an ACL graft retear. Conclusion: The return-to-sport rate in our National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I athletes compared favorably with that reported in other studies in the literature. The strict follow-up by the surgeon, together with the high-profile, almost daily technical and psychological support given mainly by the athletic trainers during the recovery period, may have contributed to preparing the athletes for a competitive rate of return to sport at their preinjury level.

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Keeping Your Head in the Game: Sport-Specific Imagery and Anxiety Among Injured Athletes

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-44.4.410 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 410-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Eva Monsma ◽

James Mensch ◽

Jennifer Farroll

Keyword(s):

Athletic Training ◽

National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽

Collegiate Athletes ◽

Division I ◽

Image Content ◽

Injury Rehabilitation ◽

Research Findings ◽

Sport Skills ◽

The Relationship ◽

Injured Athletes

Abstract The use of sport-specific imagery during rehabilitation is sparse. Athletes who used imagery (either facilitative or debilitative) during injury rehabilitation were compared with injured athletes who did not use imagery. Return-to-practice anxiety in the groups was investigated also.Context: To (1) explore debilitative images used during rehabilitation, (2) examine athlete and injury characteristics in relation to variations in imagery content and return-to-practice anxiety, (3) compare the frequency of imagery use early in injury rehabilitation with that just before return to practice, and (4) examine the relationship between image use and return-to-practice anxiety.Objective: Observational design.Design: Athletic training facilities.Setting: Thirty-six injured National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I collegiate athletes sustaining at least an 8-day practice suspension due to injury.Patients or Other Participants: Sport Imagery Questionnaire, Sport Anxiety Scale.Main Outcome Measure(s): Athletes used both facilitative and debilitative images during different phases of rehabilitation. Men used more sport skill, strategy, and excitement imagery content than did women, who reported higher scores for worry and concentration disruption than did men. Athletes used fewer images related to their sport skills and strategies early in rehabilitation than just before they returned to practice. Additionally, athletes who used more arousal and less strategic imagery experienced more somatic anxiety.Results: Similar to research findings on healthy athletes, sport-specific image content in injured athletes is related to return-to-practice anxiety during rehabilitation, and some of the images were perceived as debilitative. Practitioners should advise injured athletes to use sport-specific imagery, especially that related to sport skills and strategies, but they should caution athletes against using arousal imagery, because it may elevate somatic anxiety before return to practice. Image content recommendations should encompass the cognitive and motivational functions of imagery, and the practitioner should assess if any image used by the athlete is debilitative.Conclusions:

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An Examination of Women’s Self-Presentation, Social Physique Anxiety, and Setting Preferences during Injury Rehabilitation

Rehabilitation Research and Practice ◽

10.1155/2017/6126509 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Molly V. Driediger ◽

Carly D. McKay ◽

Craig R. Hall

Keyword(s):

Undergraduate Students ◽

Physical Environment ◽

Social Physique Anxiety ◽

Physical Treatment ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Injury Rehabilitation ◽

Self Presentation ◽

Future Studies ◽

The Social ◽

Social And Physical Environment

Objectives. This study investigated whether women experience self-presentational concerns related to rehabilitation settings and explored preferences for characteristics of the social and physical treatment environment in relation to women’s Social Physique Anxiety (SPA).Methods. Two cross-sectional studies were conducted. In Study 1, female undergraduate students (n=134) completed four questionnaires (Social Physique Anxiety Scale; three bespoke questionnaires assessing self-presentation in rehabilitation and social and physical environment preferences) with respect to hypothetical rehabilitation scenarios. Study 2 recruited injured women who were referred for physiotherapy (n=62) to complete the same questionnaires regarding genuine rehabilitation scenarios.Results. Women with high SPA showed less preference for physique salient clothing than women with low SPA in both hypothetical (p=0.001) and genuine settings (p=0.01). In Study 2, women with high SPA also preferred that others in the clinic were female (p=0.01) and reported significantly greater preference for private treatment spaces (p=0.05).Conclusions. Self-presentational concerns exist in rehabilitation as in exercise settings. Results indicated inverse relationships between women’s SPA and preference for the presence of men, physique-enhancing clothing, and open-concept treatment settings. Future studies to determine the effect of self-presentational concerns on treatment adherence are needed.

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Is The Desire to Take Selfies Related to Self-Esteem in High School Teens?

Jurnal Keperawatan Soedirman ◽

10.20884/1.jks.2021.16.1.1517 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Heni Dwi Windarwati ◽

Niken Asih Laras Ati ◽

Shofi Khaqul Ilmy ◽

Ari Dwi Sulaksono ◽

Erna Tsalatsatul Fitriyah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Economic Status ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Influential Factor ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Self Presentation ◽

The Family ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Family Harmony

<p>Selfitis is one of the phenomena that is currently popular among adolescents. Adolescents are attracted to show self-presentation, one of which is through selfies. This study aimed to identify the correlation between the obsessive desire to take selfies and high school adolescents' self-esteem. This research was a quantitative study with a cross-sectional design. The study population was high school adolescents aged 15-16 years with 797 participants recruited using a total sampling method. The instrument in this study used the Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaire to measure self-esteem and the Selfitis Behavior Scale (SBS) questionnaire to measure selfitis in adolescents. The results showed that most of the adolescents had borderline selfitis (46.3%) and high self-esteem (88.1%). Factors that were significantly related to taking selfies amongst adolescents were gender (p-value: 0.000) and socioeconomic status (p-value: 0.000). Meanwhile, gender (p-value: 0.013), socio-economic status (p-value: 0.032), family harmony (p-value: 0.000), and selfitis (p-value: 0.000) were significantly related to self-esteem in adolescents. The multivariate analysis results showed that harmony in the family was the most influential factor in adolescents' self-esteem. Adolescents with higher levels of selfitis and harmony in the family tended to have better self-esteem.</p>

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Age-Related Vestibular and Ocular Motor Outcomes Following a Sport-Related Concussion

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-0588.20 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Christopher P. Tomczyk ◽

Morgan Anderson ◽

Kyle M. Petit ◽

Jennifer L. Savage ◽

Tracey Covassin

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Visual Motion ◽

Collegiate Athletes ◽

Ocular Motor ◽

Motor Impairments ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Motion Sensitivity ◽

Change Scores ◽

Age Related ◽

Cutoff Scores

Abstract Context: Vestibular and ocular motor assessment is an emerging clinical assessment for sport-related concussion (SRC). The increased use of these assessments by clinicians calls for examination of outcomes in populations that may impact clinical practice. Objective: Compare vestibular and ocular motor impairments in high school and collegiate athletes within 72 hours of SRC. Second, examine the distribution of impairments in these populations based upon pre-established clinical cut-off scores. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: High school (HS) and collegiate athletics (COL). Patient or Other Participants: Data were collected from 110 athletes (HS: n=47, age=15.40±1.35 years; COL: n=63, age=19.46±1.28 years) within 72 hours of sustained SRC. Main Outcome Measure(s): Total and change scores were calculated for the Vestibular/Ocular Motor Screening (VOMS) assessment, along with average near point of convergence (NPC) distance. Separate Mann Whitney U tests were used to compare group differences and Chi-square analyses were used to examine athlete distribution above clinical cutoff scores for all VOMS outputs (a priori Alpha level<0.5). Results: No significant differences were found between high school and collegiate athletes for VOMS total scores, change scores, and NPC distance. A significantly larger proportion of the sample reported scores above the cutoff for all total scores (p<0.001) and change scores in horizontal vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR; 59.01%, p<0.001), vertical VOR (60.91%, p<0.001), and visual motion sensitivity (60.91%, p<0.001). However, a significantly larger proportion reported smooth pursuit change scores (85.45%, p<0.001) and NPC distance (73.64%, p=0.01) below the cutoff scores. Conclusions: During the acute phase of SRC, high school and collegiate athletes present with similar vestibular and ocular motor impairments as measured by the VOMS, but vestibular tasks appear to cause greater symptom provocation in concussed athletes. Lastly, VOMS change scores may offer more clinical utility in assessing specific impairments following SRC compared to total scores.

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