scholarly journals Vegetation of Akkerendam Nature Reserve, Northern Cape: Delineation and dynamics over 100 years

Bothalia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helga Van der Merwe ◽  
M. Timm Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Vegetation Change ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Prosopis Glandulosa ◽  
Alien Invasive Species ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
The Past ◽  
Species Lists ◽  
Northern Cape ◽  
The Impact

Background: Akkerendam Nature Reserve is the second oldest proclaimed municipal nature reserve in the Northern Cape, yet to date no vegetation map has been produced. The possible expansion of the reserve is under consideration.Objectives: To produce a vegetation map, classification and description of the vegetation of the reserve and proposed expansion area, and assess how the vegetation has changed over the past century.Method: Braun Blanquet methodology was used to produce a vegetation map. To quantify vegetation change, (1) relevés (a plot of phytosociological data) composed from Acocks’ species lists, recorded in 1954 and 1956, were compared with the phytosociological table, and (2) recent repeat photographs (2016) were compared to four images taken by Pole Evans (ca. 1920).Results: Three plant communities were identified within the reserve and expansion area; however, four subcommunities are only found in the proposed expansion area. Relevés compiled from Acocks’ species lists were absorbed into the phytosociological table indicating that no significant vegetation change has taken place in the last approximately 60 years. This study found 222 species in common with Acocks’ species lists; however, he did not list the alien invasive species Prosopis glandulosa. Comparison of repeat photographs with images taken nearly a century earlier suggests that, except for the impact of recent fires, the composition remained relatively similar.Conclusion: The phytosociological approach adopted has provided a map of the vegetation units of the study area, while the historical comparisons indicate that the vegetation of Akkerendam Nature Reserve has not undergone significant change over the last 100 years.

scholarly journals The major vegetation communities of the Augrabies Falls National Park, Northern Cape. 1. The southern section

Koedoe ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Bezuidenhout
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
National Park ◽  
Management Programme ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
Conservation Policies ◽  
Community Classification ◽  
Northern Cape ◽  
Plant Community Classification ◽  
Southern Section

Classification, description and mapping of the vegetation of the Augrabies Falls National Park, Northern Cape, were initiated. The classification is intended to serve as a basis for the establishment of an efficient wildlife management programme as well as conservation policies for the Augrabies Falls National Park. Using the BBPC suite, according to Braun-Blanquet procedures to classify the vegetation of the southern section of the Augrabies Falls National Park, six major plant communities are recognised. A hierarchical plant community classification, description, ecological interpretation and a vegetation map are presented.

scholarly journals Plant communities, properties, and age of organic soils in the post-extraction sites of the Trzcińskie Mokradła Peatland (Sudetes Mts., SW Poland)

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
Maria Andrzejczak ◽  
Adam Bogacz ◽  
Klara Tomaszewska ◽  
Magda Podlaska
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Peat Extraction ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sw Poland ◽  
Plant Habitat ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The aim of the study was to show the impact of the peat extraction on the development and properties of organic soils and plant habitat in post-extraction sites. The study was conducted in the complex of the Trzcińskie Mokradła Peatlands (Sudetes Mts., SW Poland). The Trzcińskie Mokradła Peatlands began to form in Preboreal (10960–9330 ±50BP) so that they are one of the oldest peatlands in the Sudetes. We analyzed 8 soil profiles (42 samples). Peat forming process there is still active in the moderate or strong degree (PtII-PtIII). The floristic composition of the studied areas was typical of transition peatlands. Successive dry and moist periods were observed in the developed of organic soils. The time gaps in peat profiles covering hundreds of years prove their extraction in the past.

scholarly journals The phytosociology of the northern section of the Borakalalo Nature Reserve

Koedoe ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
L.R. Brown ◽  
G.J. Bredenkamp ◽  
N. Van Rooyen
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Wildlife Management ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Hierarchical Classification ◽  
Management Programme ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
Diagnostic Species ◽  
Twinspan Classification ◽  
Ecological Basis

After classifications and descriptions of the southern and western sections of the Borakalalo Nature Reserve were published, a study on the phytosociology of the northern part was initiated. The study is aimed at providing an ecological basis for establishing an efficient wildlife management programme for the reserve. From a TWINSPAN classification, refined by Braun-Blanquet procedures, 15 plant communities, which can be grouped into six major plant communities, were identified. Descriptions of the various plant communities, include diagnostic species, prominent species and less conspicuous species of the tree, shrub, forb and grass strata. A hierarchical classification, description of the plant communities and a vegetation map are presented.

Vegetation map of Norsky nature reserve (Amur Region)

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-38
Author(s):  
I. G. Borisova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Species List ◽  
Zonal Distribution ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Larch Forests

The Norsky State Nature Reserve is located in Selemdzhinsky district of the Amurskaya oblast. Its area is 211 168 ha. Currently the flora of the Norsky Nature Reserve is studied in details. A species list has been published and an analysis of the flora has been made (Starchenko, Chuvasheva, 1993; Veklich, 2009). The vegetation cover is poorly studied; so far no geobotanical map of the Reserve has been compiled. Only the overview map (scale 1 : 2 500 000) of the vegetation of the Amur basin (1969) gives an idea of the vegetation as a whole. The climatic characteristics of the territory and the complex relief determine the diversity of plant habitats and their communities. The climate of the Norsky Reserve is continental with monsoon features and even ultracontinental (after A. I. Kaigorodov (1955). The modern relief of the Reserve includes wide floodplains of Nora and Selemdzha rivers, accumulative delta-terraces plain, Norskaya accumulative denudation plain (Geomorphologiya..., 1973) and hills. According to the latest botanical and geographical zoning of the Amurskaya oblast, the Norsky Reserve belongs to the Mamynskiy and Ulmsko-Aldikonskiy districts of the Turan-Mamyn province of the Manchurian subdistrict of the East Asian area (Borisova,Starchenko, 2018). The province belongs to southern taiga with some elements of nemoral forests (Quercus mongolica, Tilia amurensis and etc.) along the valleys of Selemdzha River and its major tributaries. The southern taiga includes different larch forests (often disturbed), derived birch-larch forests with Pinus sylvestris, Picea ajanensis and Abies nephrolepis. The presence of nemoral species in forest cenoses increases in the direction from north to south. A province peculiarity is the wide distribution of larch peatmoss forests, swamps and wet meadows. The scientific-reference typological map of vegetation on a medium scale (1 : 300 000) was compiled for the Norsky Nature Reserve for the first time. It shows spatial patterns of vegetation distribution in connection with the natural features of the territory (Fig. 5). The vegetation map legend is based on an ecologic and phytocoenotic classification. A zonal distribution of plant communities is presented in the legend. Plant communities are divided into some categories: dark-coniferous, light-coniferous and derived forests, which are represented as formations. The main cartographic units are groups of associations and their various combinations. The legend shows the vegetation of floodplains, rocks, and disturbed areas. Vegetation divisions are represented on the vegetation map by seventeen colors and one extra scale sign. All symbols have their own serial number, which is marked in the map legend. The largest areas on the territory of the Reserve are occupied by larch forests — 42 % (Fig. 6). The forested territory as a whole occupies 36.5 %, of which the largest areas are rhododendron larch (9.7 %) and floodplain (9.5 %) forests. Ledum larch and moss-shrub forests occupy 5.7 %. Larch mixed-grass-shrub forests cover some small areas (2.0 %). Sub-taiga larch forests with nemoral grasses and often with oak and black birch trees occupy 0.6 %. Pine and larch-pine forests extend 1.3 % of the Reserve’s area. Fir-spruce forests on watersheds have limited distribution — about 1 %. They are a chain of ecologic-dynamic series on floodplain occupying 2.7 % of the Reserve’s area. To conclude, the vegetation cover of the Norsky Nature Reserve reflects the zonal and provincial features of the territory.

Large-scale vegetation mapping for the purposes of creating new specially protected natural areas in Saint-Petersburg

2018 ◽  
pp. 120-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Volkova ◽  
V. N. Khramtsov
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Southern Taiga ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
Saint Petersburg ◽  
Specially Protected Natural Areas ◽  
Southern Taiga Subzone ◽  
Protected Natural Areas ◽  
The City

Rather large forests, typical of the southern taiga subzone are preserved within the boundaries of St. Petersburg. They include a wide variety of plant communities with some rare species. This article is devoted to the area located in the southern part of the city and designed as a nature reserve. A large-scale map of actual vegetation of the projected reserve was composed; it shows the diversity of plant communities and their distribution. The map legend consists of 75 main units; and the usage of supplementary symbols helps to map 122 units. Areal analysis of all types of plant communities is carried out on the basis of the vegetation map. Typical and the most valuable vegetation objects were identified.

scholarly journals Vegetation classification as the basis for baboon management in the Bourke’s Luck Section of the Blyde Canyon Nature Reserve, Mpumalanga

Koedoe ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L.R. Brown ◽  
H. Marais ◽  
S.P. Henzi ◽  
L. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Conservation Policy ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
Twinspan Classification ◽  
Vegetation Study

The Blyde Canyon Nature Reserve (BCNR) was identified as an important conservation area due to of its extraordinary diversity of plant species. Plant communities represent ecosystems and form the basis of any management plan for natural areas. If these ecosystems and their different potentials are unknown, they cannot be managed successfully. Baboons exploit diverse habitats including human environments where they often cause damage to crops and forest plantations. Baboons are regarded as particularly problematic residents of protected areas as conventional fences do not readily enclose them, their eclectic diets allow them to benefit from a range of agricultural endeavours, and they are behaviourally opportunistic. Thus as a first step to implementing a conservation policy to manage chacma baboons in the BCNR, it was necessary to have some understanding of their exploitation of natural habitats adjacent to areas where they do cause problems. Although a broad vegetation map of the BCNR exists, no detailed vegetation studies have been conducted on the largest part of the reserve. It was therefore decided to ndertake a detailed vegetation study of the home range of a single baboon troop within the Bourke’s Luck section of the BCNR. From a TWINSPAN classification, refined by Braun-Blanquet procedures, 13 plant communities, which can be grouped into seven major groups, were identified. A classification and description of these communities, as well as a vegetation map are presented. Data collected as part of this study also revealed that the baboons show preference to certain communities whilst avoiding others. These have important consequences in terms of the management strategies followed on the reserve.

scholarly journals The phytosociology of the western section of Borakalalo Nature Reserve

Koedoe ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L.R. Brown ◽  
G.J. Bredenkamp ◽  
N. Van Rooyen
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Vegetation Survey ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Vegetation Map ◽  
Diagnostic Species ◽  
Twinspan Classification

As part of a vegetation survey programme for conservation areas in South Africa, the plant communities of the western section of the Borakalalo Nature Reserve were investigated. From a TWINSPAN classification, refined by Braun-Blanquet procedures, 19 plant communities, which can be grouped into eleven major groups, were identified. A classification and description of these communities, some of which have a karoo affinity, are presented. The diagnostic species, as well as the prominent and less conspicu- ous species of the tree, shrub, herb and grass strata are outlined. A vegetation map is included.

Fluorescent potentiometric dyes for membrane-potential imaging

1994 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 166-167
Author(s):  
Leslie M. Loew
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Potential ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Quantitative Imaging ◽  
Optical Recording ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Major Focus ◽  
The Past ◽  
Excitable Systems ◽  
Major Application ◽  
The Impact

A major application of potentiometric dyes has been the multisite optical recording of electrical activity in excitable systems. After being championed by L.B. Cohen and his colleagues for the past 20 years, the impact of this technology is rapidly being felt and is spreading to an increasing number of neuroscience laboratories. A second class of experiments involves using dyes to image membrane potential distributions in single cells by digital imaging microscopy - a major focus of this lab. These studies usually do not require the temporal resolution of multisite optical recording, being primarily focussed on slow cell biological processes, and therefore can achieve much higher spatial resolution. We have developed 2 methods for quantitative imaging of membrane potential. One method uses dual wavelength imaging of membrane-staining dyes and the other uses quantitative 3D imaging of a fluorescent lipophilic cation; the dyes used in each case were synthesized for this purpose in this laboratory.

Perceived Burden of Informal Caregivers of a Chronically Ill Older Family Member

GeroPsych ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmar Gräßel ◽  
Raffaela Adabbo
Keyword(s):  
Family Member ◽  
Informal Caregiver ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Stress Model ◽  
The Past ◽  
Perceived Burden ◽  
Hypothetical Construct ◽  
Care Situation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Further Development

The burden of caregivers has been intensively researched for the past 30 years and has resulted in a multitude of individual findings. This review illustrates the significance of the hypothetical construct of perceived burden for the further development and design of the homecare situation. Following explanations regarding the term informal caregiver, we derive the construct burden from its conceptual association with the transactional stress model of Lazarus and Folkman. Once the extent and characteristics of burden have been set forth, we then present the impact of perceived burden as the care situation. The question of predictors of burden will lead into the last section from which implications can be derived for homecare and relief of caregivers.

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