scholarly journals Application of Standardized Precipitation Index to assess meteorological drought in Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Anarul H. Mondol ◽  
Subash C. Das ◽  
Md. Nurul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Precipitation Index ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Drought Assessment ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
History Of ◽  
Meteorological Droughts

Bangladesh is one of the vulnerable countries of the world for natural disasters. Drought is one of the common and severe calamities in Bangladesh that causes immense suffering to people in various ways. The present research has been carried out to examine the frequency of meteorological droughts in Bangladesh using the long-term rainfall data of 30 meteorological observatories covering the period of 1948–2011. The study uses the highly effective Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) for drought assessment in Bangladesh. By assessing the meteorological droughts and the history of meteorological droughts of Bangladesh, the spatial distributions of meteorological drought indices were also analysed. The spatial and temporal changes in meteorological drought and changes in different years based on different SPI month intervals were analysed. The results indicate that droughts were a normal and recurrent feature and it occurred more or less all over the country in virtually all climatic regions of the country. As meteorological drought depends on only rainfall received in an area, anomaly of rainfall is the main cause of drought. Bangladesh experienced drought in the years 1950, 1951, 1953, 1954, 1957, 1958, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1963, 1965, 1966, 1967 and 1971 before independence and after independence Bangladesh has experienced droughts in the years 1972, 1973, 1975, 1979, 1980, 1983, 1985, 1992, 1994, 1995, 2002, 2004, 2006, 2009 and 2011 during the period 1948–2011. The study indicated that Rajshahi and its surroundings, in the northern regions and Jessore and its surroundings areas, the island Bhola and surrounding regions, in the south-west region, were vulnerable. In the Sylhet division, except Srimongal, the areas were not vulnerable but the eastern southern sides of the districts Chittagong, Rangamati, Khagrachhari, Bandarban and Teknaf were vulnerable. In the central regions, the districts of Mymensingh and Faridpur were more vulnerable than other districts.

scholarly journals Análisis comparativo de índices de sequía en Andalucía para el periodo 1901-2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Peña-Gallardo ◽  
S. R. Gámiz-Fortís ◽  
Y. Castro-Diez ◽  
M. J. Esteban-Parra
Keyword(s):  
Time Windows ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Precipitation Index ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Global Evaluation ◽  
Temporal Behaviour ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index

The aim of this paper is the analysis of the detection and evolution of droughts occurred in Andalusia for the period 1901-2012, by applying three different drought indices: the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), the Standardized Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and the Standardized Drought-Precipitation Index (IESP), computed for three time windows from the initial period 1901-2012. This analysis has been carried out after a preliminary study of precipitation trends with the intention of understanding the precipitation behaviour, because this climatic variable is one of the most important in the study of extreme events. The specific objectives of this study are: (1) to investigate and characterize the meteorological drought events, mainly the most important episodes in Andalusia; (2) to provide a global evaluation of the capacities of the three different considered indices in order to characterize the drought in a heterogeneous climatically territory; and (3) to describe the temporal behaviour of precipitation and drought indices series in order to establish the general characteristics of their evolution in Andalusia. The results have shown that not all the indices respond similarly identifying the intensity and duration of dry periods in this kind of region where geographical and climatic variability is one of the main elements to be considered.

scholarly journals Comparison of Meteorological Drought using SPI and SPEI

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 2130-2149
Author(s):  
Shashi Shankar Ojha ◽  
Vivekanand Singh ◽  
Thendiyath Roshni
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Drought Assessment ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Effective Water

Drought assessment is crucial for effective water resources management in a river basin. Drought frequency has increased worldwide in recent years due to global warming. In this paper, an attempt is made to assess the meteorological drought in the Punpun river basin, India using two globally accepted drought indices namely, Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI). The SPI and SPEI at 1-, 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month timescale were obtained to analyze the temporal variability of different drought levels. Correlation analysis of available observed data and gridded data has been carried out and the correlation coefficient was found to be 0.956. Hence gridded rainfall data from the year 1991 to 2020 is used for further analysis. Potential evapotranspiration (PET) used in the calculation of SPEI was computed by the Thornthwaite method. Water deficit was observed throughout as there is a decrease in rainfall and an increase in PET during the selected period. The results show that the period 2004 to 2006 and 2009 to 2010 years are observed as drought periods by both indices for almost all timescale. The intensity and duration of drought have increased after 2004. A negative trend of both the indices have been observed in all seasons on all timescale, which clearly shows a transition from near normal to moderately dry during the selected time period. The highest correlation between both the indices is for the 12-month scale with R² value 0.92 and the RMSE value 0.28. The main outcome of this study is that both SPI and SPEI show a strong correlation on same time scales adopted in this study. The dependency of SPEI on temperature is also observed in this study. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091783 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals The application of Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) to monitor drought in surface and groundwaters

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 00082
Author(s):  
Justyna Kubicz
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Test Area ◽  
Precipitation Index ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Spi Index ◽  
Correct Determination ◽  
Water Courses ◽  
Current Water

The paper presents the initial studies with the aim to assess the possibility to apply of Standardized Precipitation Index SPI to monitor drought in surface and groundwaters. The fact that data about precipitation are highly available allows for precise monitoring of the periods of occurrence and intensification of meteorological drought by determining the standardized SPI index. The evaluation of current water deficits in surface water courses and groundwaters is very difficult due to the fact that the measurement network is relatively scarce. In order to apply SPI to monitor hydrological and hydrogeological drought, it is required to assess the significance and level of the correlation between drought indices in the test area and then to calculate the probability of correct determination of drought in surface and groundwaters with use of SPI.

scholarly journals Meteorological Drought Analysis with Different Indices for the Betwa River Basin, India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uttam Singh ◽  
Pooja Agarwal ◽  
Pramod Kumar Sharma
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Drought Index ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Trend Test ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Drought Assessment

Abstract Climate change is adversely affecting the development, management, and planning of surface and groundwater resources. The meteorological drought becomes a severe natural problem, and it can occur in any climatic region of the world. So, monitoring and minimizing drought is a crucial stage for analyzing and predicting drought impacts. A single drought index can't assess each aspect of the meteorological drought. In this study, we considered seven drought indices such as the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), China Z Index (CZI), Modified China Z Index (MCZI), Percent Normal drought index (PNI), Deciles Index (DI), Rainfall Anomaly Index (RAI), and Z-score index (ZSI). The drought was analyzed for 3, 6, 9, and 12 months’ time-step, and drought classification and threshold values were estimated. SPI showed maximum correlation values 0.389, 0.412, 0.560,and 0.996 for 3, 6, 9,and 12-month time steps compared to the other drought indices. The value of correlation is increased with the increase in time step for all drought indices; therefore, the accuracy of drought assessment also increases with an increase in time step. The Mann-Kendall's trend test was analyzed at a 5% level of significance for drought assessments. The drought magnitude and severity of the Betwa river basin were estimated based on the meteorological data (Rainfall) for the year between 1970 to 2014.

scholarly journals Mapping the spatial and temporal variation of agricultural and meteorological drought using geospatial techniques, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abebe Senamaw ◽  
Solomon Addisu ◽  
K. V. Suryabhagavan
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Precipitation Index ◽  
Agricultural Drought ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Drought Risk ◽  
Drought Condition

Abstract Background Geographic Information System (GIS) and Remote Sensing play an important role for near real time monitoring of drought condition over large areas. The aim of this study was to assess spatial and temporal variation of agricultural and meteorological drought using temporal image of eMODIS NDVI based vegetation condition index (VCI) and standard precipitation index (SPI) from the year 2000 to 2016. To validate the strength of drought indices correlation analysis was made between VCI and crop yield anomaly as well as standardized precipitation index (SPI) and crop yield anomaly. Results The results revealed that the year 2009 and 2015 was drought years while the 2001 and 2007 were wet years. There was also a good correlation between NDVI and rainfall (r = 0.71), VCI and crop yield anomaly (0.72), SPI and crop yield anomaly (0.74). Frequency of metrological and agricultural drought was compiled by using historical drought intensity map. The result shows that there was complex and local scale variation in frequency of drought events in the study period. There was also no year without drought in many parts of the study area. Combined drought risk map also showed that 8%, 56% and 35% of the study area were vulnerable to very severe, severe and moderate drought condition respectively. Conclusions In conclusion, the study area is highly vulnerable to agricultural and meteorological drought. There was also no year without drought in many parts of the study area. Thus besides mapping drought vulnerable areas, integrating socio-economic data for better understand other vulnerable factors were recommended.

scholarly journals COMBINATION OF METEOROLOGICAL INDICES AND SATELLITE DATA FOR DROUGHT MONITORING IN TWO DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTS IN IRAN

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-4/W18 ◽  
pp. 197-200
Author(s):  
M. Behifar ◽  
A. A. Kakroodi ◽  
M. Kiavarz ◽  
F. Amiraslani
Keyword(s):  
Satellite Data ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Precipitation Index ◽  
Drought Monitoring ◽  
Spatial Characteristic ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Precipitation Data ◽  
Spi Index ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index

Abstract. The main problem using meteorological drought indices include inappropriate distribution of meteorological stations. Satellite data have reliable spatial and temporal resolution and provide valuable information used in many different applications. The Standardized precipitation index has several advantages. The SPI is based on rainfall data alone and has a variable time scale and is thus conducive to describing drought conditions for different application.This study aims to calculate SPI using satellite precipitation data and compare the results with traditional methods. To do this, satellite-based precipitation data were assessed against station data and then the standardized precipitation index was calculated. The results have indicated that satellite-based SPI could illustrate drought spatial characteristic more accurate than station-based index. Also, the standardized property of the SPI index allows comparisons between different locations, which is one of the remote sensing drought indices limitations.

scholarly journals Analysis of Precipitation and Streamflow Data for Drought Assessment in an Unregulated Watershed

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-27
Author(s):  
Worapong Lohpaisankrit ◽  
◽  
Jessada Techamahasaranont ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Hydrological Drought ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Drought Assessment ◽  
Streamflow Data ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Increasing Trends ◽  
Hydrological Droughts

Predicting drought occurrence accurately still remains a challenging task. To fill research gaps, this study identified and analysed meteorological and hydrological droughts using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Streamflow Drought Index (SDI), respectively, in the upper Lam Pao watershed in Thailand. The study also focused on investigating the relationships between both droughts. The SPI and SDI were computed based on observed long-term precipitation and streamflow data during the period of 1988-2017. The drought analysis was carried out by using the R packages. The location, period and severity level of drought events were graphically presented. On the basis of trend analysis, the SPI series showed slightly increasing trends, whereas no trend was found for the SDI series. This implied that the hydrological drought was influenced by not only precipitation but also other factors. The key findings indicated that there was a positive relationship between meteorological and hydrological droughts. In addition, there was a specific lag time, which may depend on physical characteristics of a basin, in drought propagating from meteorological drought to hydrological drought. Overall, the drought indices can help to predict hydrological drought events, which could be valuable information for drought monitoring and early warning systems.

scholarly journals Meteorological Drought Assessment in Sharjah, UAE Using Drought Indices

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Mhamd S. Oyounalsoud ◽  
◽  
Arwa Najah ◽  
Abdullah G. Yilmaz ◽  
Mohamed Abdallah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Distribution Functions ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Monthly Precipitation ◽  
Drought Assessment ◽  
The Standardized Precipitation Index

Drought is a natural disaster that significantly affects environmental and socio-economic conditions. It occurs when there is a period of below average precipitation in a region, and it results in water supply shortages affecting various sectors and life adversely. Droughts impact the ecosystems, crop production, and erode livelihoods. Monitoring drought is essential especially in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) due to the scarcity of rainfall for an extended period of time. In this study, drought is assessed in Sharjah UAE using monthly precipitation and average temperature data recorded for 35 years (1981-2015) at the Sharjah International Airport. The standardized precipitation Index (SPI), and the Reconnaissance Drought Index (RDI) are selected to predict future droughts in the region. SPI and RDI are fitted to the statistical distribution functions (gamma and lognormal) in an annual time scale and then, a trend analysis of index values is carried out using Mann-Kendal test. The correlation between SPI and RDI indices was found to be high where both showed high drought frequencies and a tendency to get drier over time, thus indicating the need of appropriate drought management and monitoring.

scholarly journals Meteorological drought assessment using standardized precipitation index for different agro-climatic zones of Odisha

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-480
Author(s):  
PANIGRAHI BALRAM ◽  
LIANSANGPUII FANAI
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Precipitation Index ◽  
Extreme Drought ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Drought Assessment ◽  
Moderate Drought ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mild Drought

In this paper standardized precipitation index (SPI) is used to assess meteorological drought for all 30 districts covering 10 agro-climatic zones in an eastern Indian state, Odisha. Monthly rainfall data of 115 years (1901-2015) for all 30 districts of Odisha are analyzed using SPI on 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12-month timescale. These timescales reflect the impact of drought on the availability of different water resources. Results indicate that in all the agro-climatic zones of Odisha, mild drought events have the highest frequencies of occurrence followed by moderate drought events for different timescales. Severe and extreme drought frequencies are comparatively lesser than mild and moderate drought frequencies. SPI analysis shows that 32-46 years are affected by mild drought, 4-16 years affected by moderate drought, 1-9 years are affected by severe drought and 1-5 years are affected by extreme drought during study period of 115 years in different agro-climatic zones of Odisha. It is observed 50.3% areas in the state are affected by drought in June out of which chances of occurrence of mild drought is maximum (28.7%). In the months of July, August and September, 51.7, 48.5 and 46.1% areas are affected by droughts. On average 49.15% areas of the entire state is affected by drought of various intensities out of which the share of mild, moderate, severe and extreme drought is 28.38, 13.28, 5.06 and 2.43%, respectively.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Different Rainfall-based Drought Indices Detection of Meteorological Drought Events in Imo State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 713-717
Author(s):  
C.S. Ekwezuo ◽  
J.C. Madu
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Precipitation Index ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Drought Indices ◽  
Severe Drought ◽  
Drought Event ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Drought Assessment ◽  
Imo State ◽  
Humid Environment

Drought Indices are extensively adopted as a drought detection and monitoring tool in all climatic regions. This study assesses and compares the performance of four rainfall based drought indices, Deciles index (DI), Percent of Normal Index (PNI), Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) and Z-score Index (ZSI) in detection and classification of drought events in Imo state , a humid environment of Nigeria from (1982 to 2016). The resultshows that droughts do occur in humid climatic region of Nigeria. The various indices differ in their detection and classification of drought events in the study area. However, they classified 2007 and 2008 as the year with the most severe drought event in the state. There is high correlation (r > 0.70) among the four indices, with ZSI and PNI showing the highest relationship to SPI (r= 0.97). The differences observed among the drought indices in detecting drought events in the study area can be reduced by using multiple drought indices in addition to the use of SPI in drought assessments especially in Nigeria since technological advancement in drought monitoring software’s has made it easier. Also it is worthwhile to research on why drought detection varies with indices. Keywords: Drought assessment, Rainfall-based drought indices, humid environment, Imo state, Nigeria.

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