scholarly journals Protective levels of canine distemper virus antibody in an urban dog population using plaque reduction neutralization test

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
O.I. Oyedele ◽  
D.O. Oluwayelu ◽  
S.I.B. Cadmus ◽  
F.D. Adu
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Neutralization Test ◽  
Neutralization Assay ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Virus Antibody ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Positive Serum

Blood samples from 50 dogs were collected at three veterinary clinics in Ibadan and Abuja, Nigeria and the serum from each sample was evaluated serologically for neutralizing antibodies against canine distemper virus (CDV) by the highly sensitive plaque reduction (PRN) neutralization assay. Thirteen dogs had plaque reduction neutralization titres of 0-100, seven had titres of 100-1 000 while 30 had titres ranging from 1 000-6 000. The PRN titres of vaccinated dogs were found to be significantly higher than unvaccinated dogs. The widespread use of the highly reproducible PRN test for the evaluation of antibody response to CDV may be very important in the generation of international CDV positive serum standards that should help to improve pre-and post-vaccination testing of dogs worldwide.

scholarly journals Development of specific immunity in laboratory animals after co-immunization against seasonal influenza and COVID-19

2022 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 648-656
Author(s):  
G. M. Ignatyev ◽  
I. A. Leneva ◽  
A. V. Atrasheuskaya ◽  
L. I. Kozlovskaya ◽  
N. P. Kartashova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Neutralization Test ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Specific Immunity ◽  
Influenza Prevention

Introduction. In clinical practice, the differential diagnosis of COVID-19 can be challenging during the flu season, entailing serious consequences such as delays in appropriate control measures against the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Another problem is posed by co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus (IV), which significantly contributes to the severity of the COVID-19 disease. This study was aimed to explore the cross-impact of co-administration of Russian influenza and COVID-19 vaccines on development of specific immunity in laboratory animals.Materials and methods. The study was conducted on BALB/c mice. The animals were inoculated intramuscularly with the vaccine for COVID-19 prevention (CoviVac) and the vaccine for influenza prevention (Flu-M). The sera from the immunized animals were examined separately. Three IV strains were used in the hemagglutination inhibition assay. Antibodies (Abs) against SARS-CoV-2 were detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The neutralization test was performed to detect virus neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and IV.Results. Relatively high titers of specific Abs were found in the groups of animals inoculated with one vaccine and with two vaccines concurrently. In the groups of animals inoculated with CoviVac and with two vaccines concurrently, both in the ELISA test and in the neutralization test, the average titers of specific Abs against SARSCoV- 2 did not demonstrate any statistical difference. The group of animals inoculated concurrently with two vaccines demonstrated statistically higher titers of Abs against IV after the second immunization compared to the group of animals inoculated with Flu-M.Discussion. The study has shown that post-vaccination immunity both to IV and to SARS-CoV-2 develops after co-vaccination with two vaccines. The observed enhanced post-vaccination immune response to IV in the coimmunized laboratory animals needs further research.Conclusion. The performed studies suggest the possibility of co-administration of two vaccines to prevent influenza and COVID-19.

scholarly journals Probing Morbillivirus Antisera Neutralization Using Functional Chimerism between Measles Virus and Canine Distemper Virus Envelope Glycoproteins

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Angel Muñoz-Alía ◽  
Stephen J. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Measles Virus ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Reverse Genetics ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Virus Envelope ◽  
Live Virus ◽  
Virus Challenge ◽  
Virus Attachment ◽  
Globular Head

Measles virus (MeV) is monotypic. Live virus challenge provokes a broadly protective humoral immune response that neutralizes all known measles genotypes. The two surface glycoproteins, H and F, mediate virus attachment and entry, respectively, and neutralizing antibodies to H are considered the main correlate of protection. Herein, we made improvements to the MeV reverse genetics system and generated a panel of recombinant MeVs in which the globular head domain or stalk region of the H glycoprotein or the entire F protein, or both, were substituted with the corresponding protein domains from canine distemper virus (CDV), a closely related morbillivirus that resists neutralization by measles-immune sera. The viruses were tested for sensitivity to human or guinea pig neutralizing anti-MeV antisera and to ferret anti-CDV antisera. Virus neutralization was mediated by antibodies to both H and F proteins, with H being immunodominant in the case of MeV and F being so in the case of CDV. Additionally, the globular head domains of both MeV and CDV H proteins were immunodominant over their stalk regions. These data shed further light on the factors constraining the evolution of new morbillivirus serotypes.

scholarly journals Prevalence of canine distemper virus in wild mustelids in the Czech Republic and a case of canine distemper in young stone martens

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 69-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Pavlacik ◽  
V. Celer ◽  
P. Koubek ◽  
I. Literak
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Meles Meles ◽  
Acute Stage ◽  
Direct Immunofluorescence ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Mustela Nivalis ◽  
Pine Martens

Between 2001 and 2003, a total of 194 samples of brain tissues of wild mustelids from the Czech Republic were tested for the presence of canine distemper virus (CDV) by direct immunofluorescence examination. Out of 21 animals exhibiting symptoms of the disease or changed behaviour, one mustelid was CDV positive (5% prevalence). In this group, 1 out of 18 stone martens (<i>Martes foina</i>) was CDV positive, while 2 pine martens (<i>Martes martes</i>) and 1 Eurasian badger (<i>Meles meles</i>) were CDV negative. Of 173 animals with unknown case history, 1 sample was positive (0.6% prevalence). In this group of animals, 1 out of 19 Eurasian badgers was positive, and stone martens (<i>n</i> = 96), pine martens (<i>n</i> = 4), polecats (<i>Mustela putorius</i>) ((<i>n</i> = 28), steppe polecats (<i>Mustela eversmani</i>) (<i>n</i> = 4), common weasels (<i>Mustela nivalis</i>) (<i>n</i> = 4), stoats (<i>Mustela erminea</i>) (<i>n</i> = 3) and American minks (<i>Mustela vison</i>) (<i>n</i> = 19) were negative. Clinical distemper was demonstrated in three stone marten pup siblings. In two of the siblings, CDV was demonstrated in footpads. The third of the siblings survived the acute stage of the disease and had virus neutralizing antibodies from the end of the acute stage until 6 months after the end of the acute stage, with a maximum antibody titre of 32. During the acute stage and 7 months after the end of the acute stage, no virus neutralizing antibodies were found.

scholarly journals Complement-Mediated Neutralization of Canine Distemper Virus In Vitro: Cross-Reaction between Vaccine Onderstepoort and Field KDK-1 Strains with Different Hemagglutinin Gene Characteristics

2002 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 921-924 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masami Mochizuki ◽  
Megumi Motoyoshi ◽  
Ken Maeda ◽  
Kazunari Kai
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Field Isolate ◽  
Neutralization Assay ◽  
Cross Reaction ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Hemagglutinin Gene

ABSTRACT The properties of neutralization of antigens of canine distemper virus Onderstepoort and a recent field isolate, KDK-1, were investigated with strain-specific dog sera. A conventional neutralization assay indicated antigenic dissimilarity between the strains; however, when guinea pig complement was included in the reaction mixture, the strains were neutralized with not only the homologous but also the heterologous antibodies.

scholarly journals Detection of Human Papillomavirus Type 31-Neutralizing Antibodies from Naturally Infected Patients by an Assay Based on Intracellular Assembly of Luciferase-Expressing Pseudovirions

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 172-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxime J. J. Fleury ◽  
Antoine Touzé ◽  
Silvia de Sanjosé ◽  
F. Xavier Bosch ◽  
Joellen Klaustermeiyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Neutralization Assay ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Highly Sensitive

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to develop a highly sensitive human papillomavirus type 31 (HPV31) neutralization assay based on the production of pseudovirions carrying luciferase. Neutralizing antibodies against HPV31 were investigated in a set of HPV31 monoclonal antibodies and in women with evidence of HPV31 infection. Neutralizing antibodies were detected in 78% of subjects with a positive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

CANINE DISTEMPER VIRUS ANTIBODY TITERS IN DOMESTIC CATS AFTER DELIVERY OF A LIVE ATTENUATED VIRUS VACCINE

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 551-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Ramsay ◽  
Ryan Sadler ◽  
Robert Rush ◽  
Tracie Seimon ◽  
Ania Tomaszewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virus Vaccine ◽  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Domestic Cats ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Virus Antibody ◽  
Attenuated Virus ◽  
Antibody Titers

scholarly journals Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, Anti-Ad5 Antibodies, and Reactogenicity in Response to Ad5-nCoV (CanSino Biologics) Vaccine in Individuals with and without Prior SARS-CoV-2

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1047
Author(s):  
Jorge Hernández-Bello ◽  
José Javier Morales-Núñez ◽  
Andrea Carolina Machado-Sulbarán ◽  
Saúl Alberto Díaz-Pérez ◽  
Paola Carolina Torres-Hernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Phase I ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Booster Dose ◽  
Neutralization Test ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
History Of

This is the first study outside of clinical trials (phase I–III) evaluating the ability of the Ad5-nCoV vaccine to generate neutralizing antibodies and the factors associated with optimal or suboptimal response. In a longitudinal assay, 346 people (117 with prior COVID-19 and 229 without prior COVID-19) vaccinated with Ad5-nCoV were recruited. The percentage of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 (Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test) and antibodies against Ad5 (ADV-Ad5 IgG ELISA) were quantified pre and post-vaccination effects. The Ad5-nCoV vaccine induces higher neutralizing antibodies percentage in individuals with prior COVID-19 than those without prior COVID-19 (median [IQR]: 98% [97–98.1] vs. 72% [54–90], respectively; p < 0.0001). Furthermore, a natural infection (before vaccination) induces more neutralizing antibodies percentage than immunized individuals without prior COVID-19 (p < 0.01). No patient had vaccine-severe adverse effects. The age, antidepressant, and immunosuppressive treatments, reactogenicity, and history of COVID-19 are associated with impaired antibody production. The anti-Ad5 antibodies increased after 21 days of post-vaccination in all groups (p < 0.01). We recommend the application of a booster dose of Ad5-nCoV, especially for those individuals without previous COVID-19 infection. Finally, the induction of anti-Ad5 antibodies after vaccination should be considered if a booster with the same vaccine is planned.

scholarly journals Antibodies against canine distemper virus, parvovirus and Ehrlichia spp. in wild captive carnivores in midwestern Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (8) ◽  
pp. 1681-1684
Author(s):  
Isis I.G.G. Taques ◽  
Thaís O. Morgado ◽  
Ísis A. Braga ◽  
Regina C.R. Paz ◽  
Sandra H.R. Corrêa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Neutralization Assay ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Virus Neutralization Assay ◽  
Hemagglutination Inhibition Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Indirect Immunofluorescent

ABSTRACT: The occurrence of antibodies against canine distemper virus (CDV), parvovirus and Ehrlichia spp. in wild captive carnivores was evaluated in a zoological park in midwestern Brazil. Serum samples were collected between 2007 and 2014 from 45 carnivores. Antibodies were evaluated by virus neutralization assay for CDV, hemagglutination inhibition test for parvovirus, indirect immunofluorescent and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for Ehrlichia spp. Antibodies against CDV and parvovirus were detected in 75% of Canidae and Felidae. Procyonidae were negative for CDV, although one Mustelidae was positive. TwoCanidae presented antibodies reactive to E. canis antigens. The high antibodies rates to CDV and parvovirus suggest the contact with both pathogens, however since no clinical history of disease are registered in the Zoo-UFMT, we can presume that carnivores have responded satisfactorily against the antigens. The low serological rates observed against Ehrlichia spp. may be resulted to the low occurrence of ticks among carnivores.

scholarly journals Use of Quantitative Dried Blood Spots to Evaluate the Post-Vaccination Level of Neutralizing Antibodies against SARS-CoV-2

Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1125
Author(s):  
Alexandre Marchand ◽  
Ingrid Roulland ◽  
Florian Semence ◽  
Olof Beck ◽  
Magnus Ericsson
Keyword(s):  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Immune Status ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Dried Blood Spots ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Blood Spot ◽  
Over Time

To combat the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 are now given to protect populations worldwide. The level of neutralizing antibodies following the vaccination will evolve with time and vary between individuals. Immunoassays quantifying immunoglobulins against the viral spike (S) protein in serum/plasma have been developed, but the need for venous blood samples could limit the frequency and scale of control in populations. The use of a quantitative dried blood spot (DBS) that can be self-collected would simplify this monitoring. The objective of this study was to determine whether a quantitative DBS device (Capitainer qDBS 10 µL) could be used in combination with an Elecsys anti-SARS-CoV-2 S immunoassay from Roche to follow the development and persistence of anti-S antibodies. This objective was carried out through two clinical studies. The first study investigated 14 volunteers who received two doses of the Comirnaty (Pfizer) vaccine. The levels of anti-S antibodies and the progression over time post-vaccination were studied for three months. The level of produced antibodies varied between subjects, but a similar trend was observed. The anti-S antibodies were highly stimulated by the second dose (×100) and peaked two weeks later. The antibody levels subsequently decreased and three months later were down to 65%. DBS proved to be sufficiently sensitive for use in evaluating the immune status against SARS-CoV-2 over a prolonged time. The second cohort was composed of 200 random patients from a clinical chemistry department in Stockholm. In this cohort, we had no information on previous COVID-19 infections or vaccination. Nevertheless, 87% of the subjects had anti-S immunoglobulins over 0.8 U/mL, and the bias between plasma and DBS proved to be variable, as was also seen in the first vaccination study.

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