scholarly journals An empirical evaluation of the use of video films in training: A behaviouristic analysis

1987 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 163-167
Author(s):  
C. Viedge ◽  
P. A. Taffinder
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Transfer Of Training ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Research Production ◽  
Training Film ◽  
Business Game ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Video Films

Considerable organizational resources are expended annually on training, yet little empirical research is undertaken to investigate the problem of transfer of training to the workplace. Video films are an integral part of many training courses and it is critical to evaluate the efficacy of such films in developing the intended skills. Within the operant behaviouristic perspective, an ABAB reversal experiment was conducted during four business game periods of a training course. The experimental objective was to assess the impact of the principles presented in a training film on the decision-making behaviour of six managers from an engineering research/production facility. A cue-board summarizing the decision-making principles presented in the film was unobtrusively introduced during the two 'B' phases of the experiment. Frequencies of the target behaviour were recorded by two independent raters across all consecutive 'A' and 'B' experimental phases. No functional relationship was found between the use of the decision-making principles and the introduction of the cue-board. In other words, despite the use of a cue-board to prompt decision-making behaviour, no transfer of training from the video-film to the analogue working environment of the business game was observed. Some implications of these results for employing video films in training are discussed.

Engineering Design as Research

2012 ◽  
pp. 1766-1779
Author(s):  
Timothy L.J. Ferris
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Design Work ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Is Research ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Actual Design ◽  
Physical Phenomena ◽  
The Impact

Research is defined as an activity that creates new knowledge. This is often misunderstood in the engineering community as necessarily requiring a scientific contribution that advances the theory of some matter related to engineering materials or processes. Consequently, typical engineering research projects investigate physical phenomena thought likely to be interesting in potential applications or to describe the characteristics of processes used in engineering work. The results of such projects provide a fragmented, abstracted view of the phenomena investigated, which is difficult to use in engineering decision making related to contextualised situations. This chapter shows how the actual design of engineered artefacts is research because it provides knowledge of the impact of the integration of various elements of existing knowledge, which demonstrates the properties of the designs achieved through the design work and leads to discovery of solutions to the various challenges of integration discovered through the project which attempts to achieve the integration.

scholarly journals The impact from adapting of the IFRS 9 (CPC 48) on expected credit losses (ECL) in Brazilian energy companies

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Thatyana Aranda da Rocha Branco Alcantara Alves ◽  
Maria Paula Ribeiro Bordin ◽  
Alexandre Gonzales ◽  
Fernando de Almeida Santos
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Ifrs 9 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Credit Losses

Purpose: To identify the IFRS 9 (CPC 48) adoption impact on Expected Credit Losses, based on historical losses under CPC 38. Methodology: a documentary, exploratory research was carried out in all the companies of the electric energy sector listed on the Brazilian Stock Exchange, denominated, Brazil, Bolsa, Balcão (B3) of the Novo Mercado (NM), Level 1 (N1) and Level 2 (N2) of corporate governance. Analyzing all the expected losses disclosed in the financial statements, mainly the explanatory notes of 2017 and the first quarter of 2018. For the companies that disclosed these adjustments the Wilcoxon average comparison tests and the Boxplot diagram were performed. Results: The survey results showed that not all the companies analyzed disclosed the adjustments and the accounting criteria of the SCPPs in the Explanatory Notes, according to CPC 48, and those that disclosed haven´t had a significant impact on the adoption of the new CPC. Contributions of the Study: This paper contributed to the reflection, understanding and analysis of the adoption, impact and empirical evaluation of the effects of the expected loss models on companies in the electricity sector, corroborating the effects of the Standard CPC 48 (IRFS 9) on the financial statements of companies classified as New Market, starting in January 2018, and may be useful in the process of regulating the segment, in decision-making and possible understanding of its potential effects, particularly in the adequacy of multinational standards. It was verified whether changes in expected losses measurement metrics could result in impacts on net income for the year, as well as changes in the net value of current assets, both of which are relevant to decision making. Such verification is relevant to the managers of the companies and investors, for security in relation to the maintenance of the form of performance verification.

scholarly journals DIVERSITY OF THE EXECUTIVE BOARD, INVESTMENT DECISIONS, AND FIRM VALUE: IS GENDER IMPORTANT IN INDONESIA?

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 387
Author(s):  
Indah Yuliana ◽  
Kholilah Kholilah
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Firm Value ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Executive Board ◽  
Fair Competition ◽  
Investment Decision Making ◽  
The Impact

The purposes of this research are to determine the effect of executive board gender diversity on firm value. Gender diversity shows that companies do not discriminate while evaluating employee performance. This diversity affects the fair competition conducted by employees to show the best performance so they can occupy the highest positions in the company. Gender diversity has the impact of a difference in the level of optimism, confidence, and risk preferences. The feminine nature of women influences the quality of investment decision making, which has an impact on increasing company value. The signalling theory is used to describe the stakeholders perceived on investment decision making by female CEOs. Research using PLS in LQ45 registered companies in Indonesian Stock Exchange for the years 2014-2017. The results showed that investment decisions affect the value of the firm. Besides, the composition of the female CEO can moderate the relationship between investment decisions and firm value. The results of the research have implications for the support of increasing gender diversity in companies because the patriarchal culture adopted in Indonesia causes male domination in decision making both in the family, community or the working environment.

scholarly journals Autonomy and Reflection on Practice in a Self-Access Language Centre

2018 ◽  
pp. 387-412
Author(s):  
Maria Giovanna Tassinari
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Reflective Practice ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Personal Initiative ◽  
Overall Evaluation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Student Assistants ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Reflection On Practice

The present paper illustrates some structures and processes established in order to make the Centre for Independent Language Learning, a self-access language centre (SALC) at the Freie Universität Berlin, an autonomous and autonomy fostering learning and working environment. Since the SALC staff is mainly composed of student assistants, one of the aims of the SALC manager is to foster the student assistants’ autonomy and their reflection on practice by giving them spaces for decision-making and personal initiative, supporting them in keeping track of their work, asking critical questions, planning, implementing and evaluating their projects and thus helping them to develop as professionals while actively contributing to a reflective practice at the SALC. As a part of the reflection on practice process, a survey among the student assistants was conducted, to gather data about the student assistants’ perspective on their experience at the SALC, their perception of autonomy, their overall evaluation of their work as well as comments and suggestions for further development of the SALC. While reflecting on ways to manage the SALC at the Freie Universität Berlin, the present paper intends also to contribute to the more general discussion on how to evaluate the impact of self-access language centres.

Engineering Design as Research

2012 ◽  
pp. 389-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy L.J. Ferris
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Design Work ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Is Research ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Actual Design ◽  
Physical Phenomena ◽  
The Impact

Research is defined as an activity that creates new knowledge. This is often misunderstood in the engineering community as necessarily requiring a scientific contribution that advances the theory of some matter related to engineering materials or processes. Consequently, typical engineering research projects investigate physical phenomena thought likely to be interesting in potential applications or to describe the characteristics of processes used in engineering work. The results of such projects provide a fragmented, abstracted view of the phenomena investigated, which is difficult to use in engineering decision making related to contextualised situations. This chapter shows how the actual design of engineered artefacts is research because it provides knowledge of the impact of the integration of various elements of existing knowledge, which demonstrates the properties of the designs achieved through the design work and leads to discovery of solutions to the various challenges of integration discovered through the project which attempts to achieve the integration.

Augmented Reality Interface: Guidelines for the Design of Contrast Ratios

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Regina Koreng ◽  
Heidi Krömker
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Control Area ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Textured Surfaces ◽  
Augmented Reality System ◽  
Assurance Process ◽  
User Centered

Abstract As part of the quality assurance process in industrial production, employees make hundreds of decisions every day based on their experience and the given inspection specifications. The detection of quality deviations currently depends on the individual competence of the persons involved in the production process. With the automatic recognition of textured surfaces in camera images, valuable information can be given to support these persons in their decisions. For the design of augmented reality systems, the cognitive decision-making processes are first described in a model-based way and the requirements for design of the decision-making process are defined. The different lighting environments in the industrial process represent one of the important requirements of the augmented reality system, to function independently of the lighting. The good perceptibility of the information is the basic requirement for the recognition of contents. When implementing an augmented reality system, it is problematic to consider the different illuminance levels in a room. Depending on the task at hand, usually, the light at a machine is weaker and brighter in the quality control area. It is important that user-centered implementation is observed. Manual intervention by the end user in the augmented reality system is necessary to compensate for differences in brightness. This paper examines different lighting environments and the degree to which the user can clearly see content. An empirical evaluation is conducted to examine the clarity of content in AR. The aim is to find out how the difference in contrast at different lighting situations influences the differences in brightness of colors. The colors are chosen to display content but also to emphasize content. As a result, a usage recommendation can be made for grey values as well as for different color values. The consequence of this investigation is then used for the further development of sample solutions for the design of an augmented reality system. The focus lies on the user-centered development process and thus the integration of user requirements into the technical implementation should be ensured. The perceptibility of the information in an augmented reality system should not only play a role technically, but also physically. The perception of information is omnipresent, so one can perceive our environment. With the help of the study, a natural and easy perception of information should take place, which supports the recognition of important information in the everyday working environment.

scholarly journals Employee participation and organizational efficiency & effectiveness in Ntional Orthopedic Hospital, Lagos Sate

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 208-221
Author(s):  
Temitayo Onifade ◽  
◽  
Oluwatoyin Afolabi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Employee Participation ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Organizational Efficiency ◽  
Lagos State ◽  
Orthopedic Hospital ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The study examined the impact of employee participation on the efficiency and effectiveness in National Orthopedic Hospital, Lagos State. Demographic data from National Orthopedic Hospital, Lagos State were analyzed using simple percentages and frequency counts. Three hypotheses postulated for the study were statistically tested using the Multiple Linear Regression. Research results show that that employee consultation and Joint decision making have positive and significant influences on effectiveness and efficiency of National Orthopedic Hospital in Lagos State, while employee delegation was found to have a negative and significant effect influence on effectiveness and efficiency of National Orthopedic Hospital, Lagos State. To improve organizational efficiency and effectiveness National Orthopedic Hospital, Lagos State, we recommend that management of the public hospital state should adopt a participatory approach in decision making to encourage employees' affirmative commitment to organizational goals and objectives, which will breed a harmonious working environment devoid of bitterness and hostility. Keywords: Effectiveness, Efficiency, Employee Participation, Hospital, Organisation.

Quota Women Are Threatening to Men

2017 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klea Faniko ◽  
Till Burckhardt ◽  
Oriane Sarrasin ◽  
Fabio Lorenzi-Cioldi ◽  
Siri Øyslebø Sørensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Perceived Threat ◽  
Preferential Treatment ◽  
Public Sector Employees ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Women In Decision Making ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Two studies carried out among Albanian public-sector employees examined the impact of different types of affirmative action policies (AAPs) on (counter)stereotypical perceptions of women in decision-making positions. Study 1 (N = 178) revealed that participants – especially women – perceived women in decision-making positions as more masculine (i.e., agentic) than feminine (i.e., communal). Study 2 (N = 239) showed that different types of AA had different effects on the attribution of gender stereotypes to AAP beneficiaries: Women benefiting from a quota policy were perceived as being more communal than agentic, while those benefiting from weak preferential treatment were perceived as being more agentic than communal. Furthermore, we examined how the belief that AAPs threaten men’s access to decision-making positions influenced the attribution of these traits to AAP beneficiaries. The results showed that men who reported high levels of perceived threat, as compared to men who reported low levels of perceived threat, attributed more communal than agentic traits to the beneficiaries of quotas. These findings suggest that AAPs may have created a backlash against its beneficiaries by emphasizing gender-stereotypical or counterstereotypical traits. Thus, the framing of AAPs, for instance, as a matter of enhancing organizational performance, in the process of policy making and implementation, may be a crucial tool to countering potential backlash.

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