scholarly journals An evaluation of the relevance of the Miles & Snow strategic typology under present-day conditions of major environmental uncertainty: The emperor's new clothes or a paradigm shift?

1997 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Oosthuizen
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Rational Approach ◽  
Extended Model ◽  
Organizational Alignment ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Strategic Fit ◽  
Miles And Snow

The traditional approach to strategic management is an essentially rational approach. Present-day realities, however, are characterized by great uncertainty in the environment ('chaos'), making it difficult to achieve relatively stable strategic fit or organizational alignment in the longer term. The dilemma is one of a new paradigm or, will a more contemporary approach within the traditional framework suffice? The Miles and Snow strategic typology represents a case in point for the traditional approach. A comprehensive literature analysis of this approach suggests that the originally postulated framework still applies, even given today's change and uncertainty in the external environment. An empirical analysis of an integrated, and somewhat extended model of Miles and Snow was applied to the South African situation. It confirmed the Miles and Snow requirement for internal consistency but findings with regard to external fit proved inconclusive. South African organizations were found to have an internal and thus short-term focus, making them extremely vulnerable to global competition. The article concludes that strategy today should perhaps better be seen as an extention or redirection of conventional strategy into the realm of a more dynamic, flexible and adaptive approach to strategy, rather than as a total paradigm shift.

scholarly journals Die bydrae van ’n haalbare gasvryheids- en ontmoetingsetiek in die etiese versorging van gesondheidsorgwerkers

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 217
Author(s):  
Laetus Lategan ◽  
Roger Burggraeve ◽  
Linus Vanlaere
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Healthcare Worker ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Traditional Approach ◽  
Real Life ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
The Real ◽  
Ethical Care ◽  
Insight Into

<strong> The contribution of a doable hospitality and engagement ethics in the ethical care of healthcare workers</strong> <br /> The authors of this study advocate for the contribution a double ethic of hospitality and engagement can make towards the ethical care of healthcare workers. Their contribution is based on two studies in healthcare. The South African case outlines challenges with regard to resources, communication and expectations. The Belgium case study draws attention to the traditional approach and suggests a new paradigm, namely to respect the patient as subject and therefore the importance of meeting the patient in his/her situation. Both cases sensitise the reader to the ethical vulnerability of the healthcare worker suggesting that a double ethic of hospitality and engagement is needed to address this challenge. The question of ethical coaching is addressed via a real life example in which the healthcare workers are placed in a simulation laboratory and then treated as “patients” by other healthcare workers. This simulation gives insight into the real needs of patients and how healthcare workers should care for them.

More about Diamonds

2019 ◽  
pp. 115-119
Author(s):  
Vladimir Shubin
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
South African ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
African Studies ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Soviet State ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
De Beers

The article is a rejoinder to the work of Yury S. Skubko, previously published in the Journal of the Institute for African Studies, on Moscow’s relations with De Beers. It is based not only on the available literature but also on the author’s personal experience. The author shows that under the monopoly of this South African company in the field of diamond sales, Soviet organizations, even in the conditions of a South African boycott, were forced to deal with its subordinate structures and the attempts to sideline them were in vain. In particular the article analyses the attitude to a controversial agreement signed by the Soviet state-owned “Glavalmalmazzoloto” and De Beers Centenary in 1990, when, like in many other cases in the “Gorbachev’s era” Moscow’s principle stand was eroded for short-term results even personal gains. The author comes to the conclusion that the responsibility for Moscow’s dealings with De Beers must be borne not by our country, but above all by the United Kingdom, which allowed De Beers have the headquarters of its Central Selling Organisation (CСO) in London.

scholarly journals New Targeted Therapies and Immunotherapies for Locally Advanced Periocular Malignant Tumours: Towards a New ‘Eye-Sparing’ Paradigm?

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2822
Author(s):  
Arnaud Martel ◽  
Sandra Lassalle ◽  
Alexandra Picard-Gauci ◽  
Lauris Gastaud ◽  
Henri Montaudie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Targeted Therapies ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Adjuvant Radiotherapy ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Eye Pain ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Orbital Lesions

The management of periocular skin malignant tumours is challenging. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment for localised eyelid cancers. For more locally advanced cancers, especially those invading the orbit, orbital exenteration has long been considered the gold standard; however, it is a highly disfiguring and traumatic surgery. The last two decades have been marked by the emergence of a new paradigm shift towards the use of ‘eye-sparing’ strategies. In the early 2000s, the first step consisted of performing wide conservative eyelid and orbital excisions. Multiple flaps and grafts were needed, as well as adjuvant radiotherapy in selected cases. Although being incredibly attractive, several limitations such as the inability to treat the more posteriorly located orbital lesions, as well as unbearable diplopia, eye pain and even secondary eye loss were identified. Therefore, surgeons should distinguish ‘eye-sparing’ from ‘sight-sparing’ strategies. The second step emerged over the last decade and was based on the development of targeted therapies and immunotherapies. Their advantages include their potential ability to treat almost all tumours, regardless of their locations, without performing complex surgeries. However, several limitations have been reported, including their side effects, the appearance of primary or secondary resistances, their price and the lack of consensus on treatment regimen and exact duration. The aim of this article was to review the evolution of the management of locally advanced periocular malignant tumours over the last three decades and highlight the new paradigm shift towards the use of ‘eye-sparing’ strategies.

Doing More With Less: Pragmatic Implementation of Vancomycin Area-Under-the-Curve (AUC) Monitoring

2021 ◽  
pp. 089719002110272
Author(s):  
Joanne Huang ◽  
Jeannie D. Chan ◽  
Thu Nguyen ◽  
Rupali Jain ◽  
Zahra Kassamali Escobar
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Practical Method ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Quality Improvement Process

Universal area-under-the-curve (AUC) guided vancomycin therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is resource-intensive, cost-prohibitive, and presents a paradigm shift that leaves institutions with the quandary of defining the preferred and most practical method for TDM. We report a step-by-step quality improvement process using 4 plan-do-study-act (PDSA) cycles to provide a framework for development of a hybrid model of trough and AUC-based vancomycin monitoring. We found trough-based monitoring a pragmatic strategy as a first-tier approach when anticipated use is short-term. AUC-guided monitoring was most impactful and cost-effective when reserved for patients with high-risk for nephrotoxicity. We encourage others to consider quality improvement tools to locally adopt AUC-based monitoring.

Sanitation game changing: paradigm shift from end-of-pipe to off-grid solutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. N. Bhagwan ◽  
S. Pillay ◽  
D. Koné
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Water Security ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Human Waste ◽  
Wastewater Pollution ◽  
Developed Nations

Abstract The toilet-wastewater-pollution nexus – the provision of safe, hygienic and appropriate sanitation solutions – is an emerging, priority issue world-wide. Developed nations have followed a linear design approach to achieve their sanitation needs, with conventional waterborne systems continuously improved to meet more stringent control and pollution regulations while minimising the load on the natural environment. Developing countries, on the other hand, continue to struggle to implement such systems, due to a myriad of factors associated with financing, affordability and revenue, and thus rely heavily on on-site systems. On-site systems pose a different set of technical challenges related to their management, which is often overlooked in the developing world. Whereas, while technology strides increase in conventional sanitation processes towards zero-effluent, these come at a significant cost and energy requirement. Further, climate variability and water security put added pressure on the resources available for flushing and transporting human waste. A new paradigm for sanitation, proposed in this paper, introduces and is based on technology disrupters that can safely treat human excreta, and matches user preferences without the need for sewers, or reliance on large quantities of water and/or energy supplies. Through innovation and smart-chain supply, universal access can be achieved sustainably, and linked to water security and business opportunities. The opportunity arises for leapfrogging these solutions in growing cities in the developing world, reducing water consumption and eliminating pollutant pathways.

The Question of the Future of Indian Muslims in Malaysia: The Post-Mahathir Legacy Era

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 219-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Noor Sulastry Yurni
Keyword(s):  
Paradigm Shift ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Ethnic Politics ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
British Colonialism ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Economic Allocation ◽  
Islamic Resurgence ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Abstract The Malays, Chinese and Indian community in Malaysia have been homogenized since British colonialism. The existence of Indian Muslims’ identity caused a new paradigm shift in Malaysia involving the racial discussion. This paper traces the difference in Indian Muslims’ identities from Indian and the Hindus. I argued that Indian Muslims share Islam as their religion and faith, while maintaining a Malay way of life and custom in their daily practices. In Malaysia, the Indian Muslim community struggled to place their future in terms of social, economic allocation and political justification among the other communities. However, the strength of ethnic politics clearly charted out their involvement in the political base and moved them to fight for their cause and rights. Hence, today’s Indian Muslim community has caused an Islamic resurgence, which has brought a new Indian dimension as a whole.

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