scholarly journals Innovation outcomes of South African new technology-based firms: a contribution to the debate on the performance of science park firms

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai-Ying Alice Chan ◽  
Leon Oerlemans ◽  
Thinus Pretorius
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Social Relationships ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Science Park ◽  
New Technology Based Firms ◽  
Knowledge Transfers ◽  
Park Location ◽  
Innovation Outcomes

Science parks are often established to drive regional economic growth, especially in countries with emerging economies. However, mixed findings regarding the performances of science park firms are found in the literature. This study tries to explain these mixed findings by taking a relational approach and exploring (un)intended knowledge transfers between new technology-based firms (NTBFs) in the emerging South African economy. Moreover, the innovation outcomes of these NTBFs are examined by using a multi-dimensional construct. Results show that science park location plays a significant role in explaining innovative sales, but is insignificant when a different indicator of innovation outcomes is used. Furthermore, only for innovations that are new to the firms, both science park location and intended knowledge transfer via informal business relationships have a positive impact; whereas social relationships have a negative impact.

scholarly journals The impact of employee remuneration inequalities on employee productivity in the South African workplace

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhardus Van Zyl
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
South African ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Employee Productivity ◽  
The South ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
The Impact

Orientation: This article is part of an ongoing research project on various aspects of employee productivity in the South African workplace.Research purpose: The aim of this article is to determine firm-based employee productivity impacts as a result of employee remuneration inequalities (excess-remuneration and under-remuneration) in the South African workplace.Motivation for the study: The study focuses on understanding the impact and magnitude of employee remuneration inequalities on employee productivity in a unionised South African workplace.Research design: The article adopts two distinct estimation models. The aim of the additive multivariate linear estimation model is to determine the sign and the significance of the impact of both under- and excess-remuneration levels on employee productivity when employee characteristics such as levels of training, work experience and managerial involvement are considered. The second model is a fixed-effect panel data estimation where the full sample set of the relevant firm-based data is used. The aim of the panel data estimations is to estimate the robustness of the additive multivariate linear estimates. The manufacturing industry of Gauteng has been chosen as the case study, given the importance of this industry, in the gross geographical product of Gauteng province and the availability of firm-based data.Main findings: Estimation results indicate a strong and significant negative impact of under-remuneration on employee productivity levels. Excess-remuneration levels have a small positive impact on employee productivity levels.Practical/managerial implications: The estimations indicate the necessity to eliminate remuneration inequalities and opt for equalised remuneration structures for similar occupations in the market to enhance employee productivity levels.Contribution/value-added: The study contributes to our understanding of the impact of remuneration inequalities for similar occupations on employee productivity.

scholarly journals How Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprise Innovation Affects Credit Accessibility: The Case of Vietnam

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 9559
Author(s):  
Phuong Anh Nguyen ◽  
Thuy Anh Tram Uong ◽  
Quang Dung Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
New Technology ◽  
New Product ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Enterprise Innovation ◽  
The University

Nowadays, small- and medium-sized enterprises play crucial roles in both developed and developing countries. They create new employment, fulfill the market gap, contribute to Gross Domestic Product and boost the whole economy. However, small- and medium-sized enterprises face more financial constraints than large enterprises, which prevent them from growing and expanding their activities. This paper aims to investigate how the innovation of small- and medium-sized enterprises impacts on credit accessibility in Vietnam from 2005 to 2015, through five aspects of innovation: new products, new technology, improved existing products, research and development investment, and machine innovation. The data set consists of more than 4500 observations of small- and medium-sized enterprises in Vietnam. This data set is taken from a survey conducted within the framework of cooperation among UNU-WIDER, the University of Copenhagen and Vietnamese government agencies. Using panel regression model, we found out that three out of five innovation factors significantly impact on credit accessibility. More specifically, research and development investment and new product have negative impact on credit accessibility; whereas new technology has positive impact on credit accessibility. These findings are useful for firm managers, banks and policy makers to help small- and medium-sized enterprises overcome financial constraints through innovation aspects.

CoPs & Organizational Identity

2011 ◽  
pp. 308-336
Author(s):  
Eduardo Bueno Campos ◽  
Mónica Longo Somoza ◽  
M. Paz Salmador
Keyword(s):  
Communities Of Practice ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Organizational Identity ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Science Park ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Knowledge Based Economy ◽  
New Technology Based Firms

The present chapter analyzes the emergent concepts of communities of practice and organizational identity, as well as their interrelationships, in the context of a knowledge-based economy. In particular, the chapter focuses on new technology-based firms (NTBF). Two main propositions are discussed. First, members of these organizations can build the organizational identity through communities of practice. Second, the organizational identity socially built by members can facilitate the emergence of communities of practice. These propositions are first grounded in a theoretical review and later they are tested empirically in five case studies of new technology-based firms created at Madrid Science Park. Finally, the main conclusions and directions for further research are presented.

scholarly journals Analysis Of The Factors Influencing Household Expenditure In A South African Township

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 279 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.J. Sekhampu ◽  
F. Niyimbanira
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Household Head ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Multiple Regression Model ◽  
Household Expenditure ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
South African Township ◽  
Socio Economic Factors

The study reported in this article examined the socio-economic determinants of household expenditure patterns in a South African township of Bophelong. The results are based on a household survey using questionnaires. A multiple regression model was used to explain responses in monthly expenditures to socio-economic factors. Household income, household size, the number of people who are employed, employment status, and the educational attainment of the household head were found to exert a strong positive impact on household expenditure. The marital status of the household head was associated with a negative impact on household expenditure. The gender and age of the household head had no impact on the variations in household expenditure. The results of this study contribute to the understanding of township residents by analysing the socio-economic factors associated with household expenditure.

scholarly journals Christian leadership in a South African township community: A reflection on nepotism and its impact on society

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasebwe T.L. Kabongo
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Common Good ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Christian Leadership ◽  
Church And Society ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Christian Leaders ◽  
South African Township ◽  
The Church

The author reflects on the reality of nepotism in Christian leadership as he has observed in the township of Soshanguve and many other African poverty-stricken communities he has lived in. The leadership of churches in those areas seems to run in the family. This model tends to have a disempowering effect on the other church members in terms of taking responsibility or initiating projects that could expand the impact of the church beyond the borders of its walls. This article recognises the positive impact of nepotism, but it mostly stresses on the negative impact of nepotism on the democratisation of power in the church and society. It uses music, a critical vehicle of knowledge acquisition in Africa, to stress upon the fact that Christian leaders should be equipped to participate in the common good, help in the empowerment of ordinary people around them, starting with their members and be altruistic, like Jesus, and work beyond the boundaries of their families.

Econometric Analysis of Total Factor Productivity in India

2021 ◽  
pp. 001946622098806
Author(s):  
Mushtaq Ahmad Malik ◽  
Tariq Masood ◽  
Mehraj Ahmad Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Distributed Lag ◽  
Autoregressive Distributed Lag ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Two Stages

This article attempts to investigate the potential relationship and significance of various determinants of Total Factor Productivity (TFP) in India for the 1980–2016 time period. Specifically, this is achieved in two stages. In the first, the standard growth accounting approach is used to measure the changes in TFP. Then, the main model for establishing the determinants of TFP growth is estimated using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model. Our results suggest that inflation and financial development have a statistically positive impact on TFP. Foreign direct investment, imports, and capital formation are found to have a positive but insignificant impact on the TFP. On the other hand, exports, government size, and natural calamities have a statistically negative impact on TFP. Therefore, in order to accelerate the TFP, governments and policymakers need to design and implement policies to increase financial access to the private sector, while maintaining price stability; exports of high-value products; and increased economic integration in the global economy to benefit from foreign investment flows, which brings in new technology.

A Study on the Relations Between Organizational Identity and Intellectual Capital

2010 ◽  
pp. 76-104
Author(s):  
Eduardo Bueno Campos ◽  
Mónica Longo Somoza ◽  
M. Paz Salmador
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Organizational Identity ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Social Process ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Organizational Capital ◽  
Science Park ◽  
The Social ◽  
New Technology Based Firms

This chapter studies the relations between the emergent concept of Organizational Identity and the concept of Intellectual Capital. Specifically, the chapter focuses on the idea that when new technology-based firms develop the social process of construction of their Organizational Identity, at the same time they develop the social interaction needed to define variables of their Organizational Capital. This proposition is grounded in a theoretical review of the concept of Organizational Identity and Organizational Capital in the Intellectus Model, and it is empirically tested in five case studies of new technology-based firms created at Madrid Science Park. Finally, the limitations and suggestions for future research as well as conclusions of the study are presented.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Budaya Konsumerisme Terhadap Masyarakat Kota

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Tedy Wiraseptya ◽  
Melisa Suardi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Urban Society ◽  
City Community ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
The City

Urban society as modern society does not only consume functional basic needs to survive. But fulfilling needs that are becoming a desire of urban society. The birth of the culture of consumerism is currently making rapid changes to the city community. However, not all urban communities accept this change. therefore, it is not uncommon to fight arguments and violence resulting from changes in consumerism. This culture of consumerism is motivated by the emergence of a period of capitalism which is carried by liberalism. The emergence of a culture of consumerism has a positive and negative impact. Has a positive impact when the employment field increases, the birth of new technology and others. The negative is when hedonism, consumerism, capitalism, and others arise.

scholarly journals Evaluation of R&D activities in the maritime industry: Managing sustainability transitions through business model

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 230-246
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Koilo
Keyword(s):  
Value Creation ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Maritime Industry ◽  
New Business ◽  
Sustainable Transition

The maritime industry is always at the forefront of knowledge and new technology. In recent years, the companies have used large resources in research and development (R&D) towards environmentally friendly technology. At the same time, there exist many issues around this: are those companies enough good at the utilizing of R&D fonds, i.e., do they put new technology together with solutions that are best adapted to the customer requirements (export-oriented), on the one hand, and are they efficient and sustainable, on another hand? Hence, the current paper aims to study how the R&D costs contribute to value creation and sustainable transition in the maritime industry. To achieve this goal, R&D activities in the maritime industry were analyzed using correlation and linear regression analyses between 2010 and 2019. The results show that those indicators that have the greatest positive impact on value-added are R&D expenditures in the business enterprise sector and turnover from product innovations. Also, it was revealed that there is a negative impact of trade indicators on value creation. In addition, the study proves that R&D activities are contributing to the sustainable transition of the maritime industry. Overall, it was concluded that without sufficient public support, strategy, and new business models, export-oriented industries benefit less from innovation. Acknowledgment The study is supported by a grant from the Research Based Innovation “SFI Marine Operation in Virtual Environment (SFI-MOVE)” (Project no: 237929) in Norway.

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