scholarly journals Exploring coping strategies of business leaders during an economic downturn

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlise Van Zyl ◽  
Yvonne Du Plessis
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Coping Responses ◽  
The Individual ◽  
General Coping ◽  
Purposive Sample

As a large part of South Africa’s economy is based on the mining industry, this research focused on exploring the coping strategies of business leaders in the mining industry during an economic downturn. Using qualitative research within a constructivist-interpretive paradigm, the researchers sought a deeper understanding of how mining leaders cope during an economic downturn. A purposive sample of seven executive mining leaders of different mining houses was interviewed and data was analysed using Atlas.ti. A conceptual framework for understanding coping strategies at the individual, group and organisational levels for business leaders during an economic downturn was developed and is discussed here. This study contributed to theory and practice by focusing on coping responses to specific situations within a specific context instead of on general coping strategies.

Perceived Control, Coping, and Expressed Burden among Spouses of Suspected Dementia Patients: Analysis of the Goodness-of-Fit Hypothesis

2002 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norm O'Rourke ◽  
Philippe Cappeliez
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Caregiver Burden ◽  
Phenomenological Model ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Coping Responses ◽  
Perceived Ability ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Goodness Of Fit Hypothesis

ABSTRACTThe goodness-of-fit hypothesis contends that distress results due to incongruence between choice of coping strategies and perceived ability to change stressful stimuli. Goal-directed or active coping responses are believed to be most efficacious when the individual believes s/he can change or control perceived threats (i.e., problem-focused coping). Instances in which stressors must be accepted, however, would dictate reliance upon strategies to regulate distress (i.e., emotion-focused coping). Inconsistent support for this facet of Lazarus and Folkman's cognitive phenomenological model was obtained in this study of spouses of suspected dementia patients. The distinction between emotion- and problem-focused coping appears less germane than overall coping efforts relative to perceived control and caregiver burden. In addition, perceived ability to control dementia-related stressors appears to be somewhat independent of coping by caregivers. These findings are discussed in terms of the unique and chronic demands faced by spouses of persons with dementia.

The Economic Downturn: Coping Strategies and the Way Forward

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achal Raghavan
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Portfolio Optimization ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Business Leaders ◽  
Economic Downturn ◽  
Growth Opportunities ◽  
Corporate Leaders ◽  
Enterprise Value ◽  
Operational Excellence ◽  
Made In

Achal Raghavan takes an in-depth look at the manner in which various business leaders in the Indian manufacturing and IT sectors coped with the downturn that hit the Indian economy from Q4 2008. Faced with significant threats to sales, profit, and enterprise value, CEOs initiated a slew of coping strategies � such as cost reduction, cash management, operational excellence, people management, and customer portfolio optimization. Implementing these strategies involved facing up to many challenges, both internal and external. With the economy showing signs of recovery, now is the time for corporate leaders to retain the gains made in operational efficiencies, and focus on emerging growth opportunities in the marketplace.

Safety-Seeking Behaviours: Fact or Function? How Can We Clinically Differentiate Between Safety Behaviours and Adaptive Coping Strategies Across Anxiety Disorders?

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Thwaites ◽  
Mark H. Freeston
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Adaptive Coping ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Difficult Issue

Safety-seeking behaviours are seen as playing a key role in the maintenance of various anxiety disorders. This article examines their role in panic disorder and social phobia and suggests that, whilst there are clear theoretical differences between safety-seeking behaviours and adaptive coping strategies, the difficult issue in clinical practice is being able to distinguish between the two. It builds on previous work by Salkovskis and colleagues and provides a detailed discussion of the problems in distinguishing between safety-seeking behaviours (direct avoidance, escape and subtle avoidance) and adaptive coping strategies in clinical practice. The suggestion is made that topology can only be a guide to categorizing the two types of responses and they can only be fully distinguished by taking into account the intention of the individual and their perceived function to that individual in the specific context. It is suggested that further analysis of the use of safety-seeking behaviours aimed at avoiding a variety of outcomes at differing levels of catastrophe may provide useful information that would clarify our understanding of the role of such behaviours in maintaining anxiety disorders.

scholarly journals Coping with migration-related stressors - a qualitative study of Nepali male labour migrants

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joelle Mak ◽  
Cathy Zimmerman ◽  
Bayard Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Labour Migration ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Coping Responses ◽  
Civil Society Organisations ◽  
Gulf States ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
International Labour Migration ◽  
Mixed Messages

Abstract Background International labour migration has become a crucial livelihood strategy, especially in countries where decently paid employment opportunities are limited. Such opportunities come with many potential benefits but also many stressors that challenge migrants’ coping skills, especially when they are in a foreign environment away from their normal support network. This paper explores how labour migrants coped with migration-related stressors using a sample of male Nepali migrants. Methods Qualitative life histories were conducted in Kathmandu among returnee male migrants. Coping responses were categorised based Skinner and Zimmer-Gembeck’s coping typologies. The interview scripts were transcribed in Nepali and translated into English for analysis. Each interview script was open coded and then categorised according to the 12 core coping families. Data were analysed thematically to explore relationships across and within coping and stressors. Results Forty-two men were interviewed who mainly worked in low- and semi-skilled jobs in Malaysia, and the Gulf States. The coping strategies most commonly used belonged to the families of problem-solving, support-seeking, negotiation and helplessness. Men used these either individually or collectively with other migrants. Those who sought assistance from authorities or civil society organisations did not always receive the help needed and there were mixed messages as to when and what types of assistance were available. Some stressors involved multiple coping strategies simultaneously, others described changing strategies following unsuccessful earlier attempts. The coping families of helplessness and social isolation reflected migrants’ limited power in challenging certain stressors. The choice of coping strategies was also moderated by factors such as outstanding loans, language difficulties, or not wanting to cause their family distress. Some coping strategies used led to  new stressors. Conclusions Migrants need greater clarifications on their rights with respect to contract discrepancies, the types of support available, how and from whom to access them once in destination. Improvements to the support mechanisms migrants can access as well as strengthening migrant-led initiatives in destination countries to support labour migrants' in managing stressors are needed. These may contribute to reducing the experiences and impact of such stressors, which may ultimately lead to more successful migration outcomes. As labour migration from Nepal is likely to continue, government and CSOs need to ensure migrants have the support they need to cope with the challenges they may encountered along the way.

“Depends who it is”: Towards a relational understanding of the use of adult-child touch in residential child care

2021 ◽  
pp. 147332502199087
Author(s):  
Lisa Warwick
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Adult Child ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Specific Context ◽  
Relational Practice ◽  
Residential Child Care ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
Contextual Understanding ◽  
Emergent Literature

This article theorises adult-child touch in residential child care as a relational practice, contributing to an emergent literature on residential child care, and conceptualises residential child care as a Lifespace. It responds to an on-going debate surrounding the use of touch in the sector, which has attracted academic attention since the early 1990s as a result of abuse scandals, the ensuing ‘no touch’ policies and a growing body of research identifying touch as an important aspect of child development. The paper draws upon a six-month ethnographic study of residential child care, which was explicitly designed to observe everyday interactions between residential care workers and young people. The findings suggest that touch cannot be discussed in isolation from either relationships or a contextual understanding of relationships in the specific context of residential child care. The study found that touch is unavoidable, relational and that dichotomous understandings of touch continue to present issues for both theory and practice.

Gender Differences and Similarities in Coping Responses to Anticipated Work-Family Conflict

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim A. Burley
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Family Conflict ◽  
Work Family Conflict ◽  
Family Coping ◽  
Coping Responses ◽  
Professional Educators ◽  
Gender And Work ◽  
Work Family ◽  
The Relationship

This study examined the relationships among gender, coping, and anticipated work-family conflict for career-bound men and women. 256 university students enrolled in a university in northern Louisiana participated. Multivariate and univariate analyses were used to examine (a) potential gender differences with respect to anticipated work-family conflict and work-family coping mechanisms and (b) the role coping processes may play in mediating the relationship between gender and anticipated work-family conflict. The results indicated significant differences between the sexes with respect to anticipated work-family conflict as well as to expected use of various coping strategies to manage anticipated work-family conflict. Contrary to expectations, coping strategies did not mediate the relationship between gender and work-family conflict. The issue of coping as a mediator variable as well as the study's primary implications for students and professional educators are addressed.

News production theory and practice

Pragmatics ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Van Hout ◽  
Geert Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Process Analysis ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Press Releases ◽  
News Production ◽  
News Reports ◽  
Business News ◽  
Writing Practices ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control

This paper considers notions of agency, interaction and power in business news journalism. In the first part, we present a bird’s eye view of news access theory as it is reflected in selected sociological and anthropological literature on the ethnography of news production. Next, we show how these theoretical notions can be applied to the study of press releases and particularly to the linguistic pragmatic analysis of the specific social and textual practices that surround their transformation into news reports. Drawing on selected fieldwork data collected at the business desk of a major Flemish quality newspaper, we present an innovative methodology combining newsroom ethnography and computer-assisted writing process analysis which documents how a reporter discovers a story, introduces it into the newsroom, writes and reflects on it. In doing so, we put the individual journalist’s writing practices center stage, zoom in on the specific ways in which he interacts with sources and conceptualize power in terms of his dependence on press releases. Following Beeman & Peterson (2001), we argue in favor of a view of journalism as ‘interpretive practice’ and of news production as a process of entextualization involving multiple actors who struggle over authority, ownership and control.

Psychological Features of Manifestation of Coping-Resources of Schoolteachers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tetiana Nechytailo ◽  
Halyna Fesun ◽  
Tetiana Kanivets ◽  
Alla Simak
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Stress Resistance ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Teaching Profession ◽  
Coping Resources ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Personal Resources ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
The Individual

The article is devoted to the psychological peculiarities of the manifestation of coping-resources of educators. The teaching profession belongs to the category of professions especially vulnerable to stress, since the teacher has to solve various professional tasks in the absence of time and information, constant open contact with people, which entails considerable emotional energy. The professional activity of a modern teacher requires constant and maximum mobilization of their personal resources. Maintaining or enhancing a person's stress resistance is associated with finding and using resources well enough to help the educator overcome the negative effects of stressful situations. The article reveals such characteristics of personality and social environment that facilitate or make possible adaptation to life stresses, promotes the development of a means of overcoming it, and increases stress resistance. These personal structures help a person cope with threatening circumstances and facilitate adaptation. The author analyzes the scientific and psychological approaches to understand personal resources, determinants of the choice of coping-strategies, and the influence of the characteristics of professional activity on the behavior of the individual. Questions about structure, functions, and types of coping behavior are raised. According to the majority of modern researchers, the generalized classification of the methods of mastering stressful circumstances is analyzed: coping aimed at evaluation; problem-oriented coping; coping aimed at emotions. Also presented were the most up-to-date and most modern models of coping resources, which can be viewed from different angles to look at the choice of coping-resources by the personality of the teacher, taking into account the conditions of his professional activity. The organization and methods of conducted research of the features of manifestation of coping-resources in teachers are described. The presented quantitative and qualitative results are disclosed according to the stages of the study. In particular, the analysis of teacher’s coping-strategies depending on the level of emotional burnout, ways of overcoming difficult life situations, as well as the methods of coping-behavior of the respondents. Relationships between teachers' coping-resources and emotional and mental stress as well as the monotony of professional activities are also identified. Adaptive and non-adaptive coping behaviors are differentiated in terms of cognitive, emotional, and behavioral coping strategies are analyzed separately. Based on the theoretical analysis of the scientific literature and empirical research, the author substantiates the relevant conclusions and recommendations for school educators on the effective use of their own coping resources.

scholarly journals Spinoffs’ alliance network growth beyond parental ties: performance diminishing, then performance enhancing

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Forough Zarea Fazlelahi ◽  
J. Henri Burgers ◽  
Martin Obschonka ◽  
Per Davidsson
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Alliances ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Adjustment Costs ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Time Lags ◽  
Network Growth ◽  
Performance Effect ◽  
Alliance Networks ◽  
Alliance Network ◽  
Performance Effects

Abstract Spinoff firms are a common phenomenon in entrepreneurship where employees leave incumbent parent firms to found their own. Like other types of new firms, such new spinoffs face liabilities of newness and smallness. Previous research has emphasised the role of the initial endowments from their parent firm to overcome such liabilities. In this study, we argue and are the first to show, that, in addition to such endowments, growing an alliance network with firms other than their parents’ is also critical for spinoff performance. Specifically, we investigate the performance effect of alliance network growth in newly founded spinoffs using a longitudinal sample of 248 spinoffs and 3370 strategic alliances in the mining industry. Drawing on theory based on the resource adjustment costs of forming alliances, we posit and find a U-shaped relationship between the alliance network growth and spinoff performance, above and beyond the parent firm’s influence. We further hypothesise and find that performance effects become stronger with increased time lags between alliance network growth and spinoff performance, and when spinoffs delay growing their alliance networks. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Cancer Morbidity as Radiation Protection Efficiency Indicator in Urainium Mining Facilities

2017 ◽  
pp. 56-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Pavlenko ◽  
A. Operchuk
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Surface Mining ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Radiological Protection ◽  
Protection Efficiency ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dosimetric Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Total Effective Dose

The paper reviews the efficience of radiation protection in uranium mining industry. The officially provided data on individual doses for underground and surface mining professionals is analysed and cancer morbity risk is assessed. The researchers defined the individual components of the total effective dose and separately assessed their contributions. The total of 114 cancer cases have been registered during the past 15 years. Accumulated equivalent doses for lungs are estimated from 20 to 430 mSv. The total working time in 56% of individual cancer cases diagnosed made over 20 years. The actual lung cancer mortality rate for miners is established 3 cases per 1000 individuals, which permits to question the authenticity of the dosimetric data and the efficiency of radiological protection applied.

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