Developing positive leadership in health and human services

Orientation: Measuring the target outcomes of leadership development programmes provides evidence for the effectiveness of these interventions and the validity of their theoretical underpinnings.Research purpose: The aim of this study was to determine whether staff from the Tasmanian Department of Health and Human Services (Australia) experienced increased levels of self-efficacy, social support within the workplace and positive affect, following participation in a leadership development programme.Research design, approach and method: Quantitative and qualitative methods were used, allowing for triangulation of results. The General Self-Efficacy Scale and the Berlin Social-Support Scale (perceived available support, instrumental) were applied in an online survey administered before and nine months following the programme. Participant satisfaction surveys captured immediate responses and semi-structured interviews captured longer-term reflections.Main findings: Descriptive statistics indicated a moderate overall increase in self-efficacy, with strong increases in resilience, dealing with opposition, resourcefulness and problem solving. There was some evidence of greater overall social support and a strong increase in the development of social support networks. There was no support for an increase in participants’ positive orientation towards their jobs in the quantitative data. The impact of adverse environmental factors on participants’ perceptions also became evident through the interviews.Practical implications: Leadership development programmes that strengthen positive psychological resources provide participants with confidence and resilience in times of change. Organisations benefit from increased levels of employee self-efficacy as engagement and problem-solving abilities are enhanced.Contribution/value-add: These results contribute to the body of knowledge associated with effective leadership development.

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Testing the Theory of Communication and Uncertainty Management in the Context of Digital Transformation with Transformational Leadership as a Moderator

International Journal of Business Communication ◽

10.1177/23294884211023966 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 232948842110239

Author(s):

Masaki Matsunaga

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Transformational Leadership ◽

Job Performance ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Relevant Literature ◽

Uncertainty Management ◽

Digital Transformation ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Positive Effects ◽

The Impact

Digital transformation provokes a great deal of uncertainty among employees. To gain insights into how employees manage the uncertainty driven by digital transformation and also how leaders can support them, this study has drawn on the theory of communication and uncertainty management (TCUM), which posits that the impact of uncertainty varies by how individuals appraise it and social support enhances positive appraisal. Based on those tenets, the current study advanced the following hypotheses: (a) uncertainty has direct and indirect negative effects on employees’ appraisal of digital transformation, self-efficacy, and job performance; (b) in contrast, direct supervisors’ transformational leadership has direct and indirect positive effects on appraisal, self-efficacy, and job performance; and also (c) transformational leadership moderates the impact of uncertainty. SEM with 4-wave time-separated data ( N = 873 employee-supervisor dyads in Japan) found support for these hypotheses. The obtained findings are discussed with reference to TCUM, transformational leadership, and other relevant literature.

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Rasgos de personalidad y recursos psicológicos como predictores del bienestar emocional en adolescentes con y sin formación en escuelas de tauromaquia

Revista de Psicopatología y Psicología Clínica ◽

10.5944/rppc.vol.23.num.1.2018.18494 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Pilar Sanjuan ◽

David Guillen ◽

Ana María Pérez-García

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Problem Solving ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Well Being ◽

Openness To Experience ◽

Control Group ◽

Psychological Resources ◽

Avoidance Coping ◽

School Group

Abstract: Personality traits and psychological resources as predictors of emotional well-being in adolescents with and without training in bullfighting schools. The main objective of this study was to analyse how being in training in bullfighting schools can affect the emotional well-being (EW), the personality and the psychological resources of adolescents. The sample consisted of 196 boys, 95 from bullfighting school group (BSG) and 101 from a control group (CG). The BSG, in relation to CG, scored significantly more on conscientiousness, agreeableness and openness to experience, as well as on self-efficacy, problem-solving (PSC) and social support coping (SSC), and EW. The EW was predicted by feeling self-efficacy and not using avoidance coping, and in the CG by being extraverted, showing conscientiousness, being low in neuroticism, feeling self-efficacy and using PSC and SSC. It discusses the psychological adaptive profile of adolescents in the BSG and the need to promote well-being in adolescence through the promotion of self-efficacy and active coping.Resumen: El objetivo principal de este estudio fue analizar cómo la formación en escuelas de tauromaquia puede afectar al bienestar emocional (BE), la personalidad y los recursos psicológicos de los adolescentes. Participaron 196 chicos, 95 del grupo de escuelas taurinas (GET) y 101 del grupo control (GC). El GET, en relación con el GC, puntuaba significativamente más en tesón, afabilidad y apertura, así como en autoeficacia, afrontamiento de solución de problemas (ASP) y basado en los demás (AD), y BE. El BE se predecía en el GET por sentirse eficaz y no usar el afrontamiento de evitación, y en el GC por ser extravertido, mostrar tesón, ser bajo en neuroticismo, sentirse eficaz y emplear el ASP y AD. Se discute sobre el perfil psicológico adaptativo que presentan los adolescentes del GET y la necesidad de promover el bienestar en la adolescencia mediante el fomento de la autoeficacia y el afrontamiento activo.

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Abstract 14127: Measures of Patient Activation and Social Support in a Peer-led Support Network for Women With CVD

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.132.suppl_3.14127 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Dawn Witt ◽

Gretchen Benson ◽

Arthur Sillah ◽

Susan Campbell ◽

Kathy Berra

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Heart Disease ◽

Online Survey ◽

Local Community ◽

Patient Activation ◽

Well Being ◽

Active Role ◽

Support Network ◽

Strong Impact ◽

The Impact

Introduction: Social support has been recognized as having a strong impact on health and well-being and has also been shown to have beneficial effects in a wide variety of disease states. Social support from friends, family or peers can augment the care offered in traditional healthcare settings by providing advice, encouragement and education However, there is limited research on the impact of peer-led support programs among women living with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Objective: To examine the relationship between patient activation and measures of social support among women who attended a WomenHeart: The National Coalition for Women with Heart Disease peer-led support program in their local community. We hypothesized that high levels of social support would be associated with high levels of patient activation in this study population. Methods: Participants were recruited from 50 national WomenHeart Support Network groups. A 70 item, online survey was administered and the main analytic sample for this study included 157 women. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine the association between patient activation levels (Lower activation levels: 1,2 vs higher activation levels: 3,4) and social support scores (range: lowest 8 to highest 34), adjusting for age. Results: Study participants reported high levels of social support and patient activation. Those who were at or above the median for the social support measures (indicating high levels of social support) had greater odds of high levels of patient activation (levels 3 or 4) compared to individuals reporting low levels of social support (OR 2.23 95%CI1.04, 4.76, p = 0.012). Conclusions: Results of our survey demonstrate that this group of women with coronary heart disease who regularly attended a peer-led support group and indicated a high level of social support report taking a more active role in self-management behaviors.

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Impact of Social Support and Social Trust on Public Viral Risk Response: A COVID-19 Survey Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17186589 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (18) ◽

pp. 6589 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Eugene Song ◽

Hyun Jung Yoo

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Infection Prevention ◽

Online Survey ◽

Social Trust ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Survey Study ◽

Risk Response ◽

Response Efficacy ◽

The Impact

Public health has been under continuous threat worldwide in recent years. This study examined the impact of social support and social trust on the activities and efficacy of the public’s risk response in the case of COVID-19. We conducted an online survey over eight days with 620 Korean adult participants. Data were analyzed using structural equation modelling and K-means cluster analysis. Our results showed that public support had a positive impact on response efficacy, while response efficacy had a positive impact on sanitation, distancing, and purchasing activities. In addition, social support positively moderated the impact of public and individual support on response efficacy, while response efficacy negatively moderated the impact on sanitation activities. These results suggest that, first, amid viral risk, governments should proactively supply tools and information for infection-prevention, and deliver messages that encourage and support infection-prevention activities among the public. Second, when viral risk occurs, governments, along with all other members of society, must engage in aggressive risk response measures. Third, there is a need for risk communication that further emphasizes the importance of personal sanitation activities in the face of viral risk.

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The Impact of Dyadic Social Support on Self-Efficacy and Depression After Radical Prostatectomy

Journal of Aging and Health ◽

10.1177/0898264307300979 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 630-645 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Bryan A. Weber ◽

Beverly L. Roberts ◽

Hossein Yarandi ◽

Terry L. Mills ◽

Neale R. Chumbler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Radical Prostatectomy ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

The Impact

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A Canadian Self-Administered Online Survey to Evaluate the Impact of Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis among Patients

Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery ◽

10.2310/7750.2009.08066 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 294-302 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Norman Wasel ◽

Yves Poulin ◽

Robin Andrew ◽

Daphne Chan ◽

Elisa Fraquelli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Online Survey ◽

Life Quality ◽

Severe Psoriasis ◽

The Body ◽

Sensitive Area ◽

Inclusion Criteria ◽

Consumer Panel ◽

Systemic Medication ◽

The Impact

Background: Few population studies of individuals living with psoriasis have been performed in Canada. Objective: The objective of this survey was to understand the severity and impact of psoriasis on the lives of Canadian patients. Methods: An online survey was conducted using a consumer panel. Eligible subjects reported a diagnosis of psoriasis and provided a self-reported level of severity. In addition, subjects had to either (a) have psoriasis covering at least 3% of their body surface area; (b) have psoriasis on a sensitive area of the body; or (c) be currently undergoing treatment for their psoriasis with systemic medication and/or phototherapy. Results: A total of 514 panelists met the inclusion criteria and completed the survey. Current moderate, severe, or very severe psoriasis was reported by 65% of respondents. Nearly all subjects (96%) had psoriasis affecting a sensitive area of the body. At the time of the survey, 18% were taking systemic medication and/or phototherapy. Comorbidities, such as obesity and high blood pressure, were highly prevalent, with 75% of respondents reporting at least one other diagnosis. Data from the SF-8 and Dermatology Life Quality Index instruments indicated that psoriasis negatively impacted quality of life. Conclusion: Moderate-to-severe psoriasis places a burden on Canadian patients, some of whom may be receiving suboptimal treatment or treatment not appropriate for the severity of their condition.

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