High seroprevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 in STD clinic attendees and non-high risk controls: A case control study at a referral hospital in South India

Background: Placenta plays a very important role in the growth and development of fetus. Objective: To know the correlation between placental weight and perinatal outcome in term antenatal women. Methods: Present prospective case-control study was conducted in the rural tertiary center of Northern India over one year (January-December 2018) on 1,118 term (≥37-≤42 weeks) antenatal women with singleton pregnancy fulfilling inclusion criteria with 559 women with high-risk pregnancy as cases and 559 low-risk pregnant women as controls. Placental weight, birth weight was measured immediately after delivery and compared between the two groups along with gestation, parity, fetal gender, and neonatal outcome. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 22 version. Results: Mean placental weight [481.98±67.83 gm vs. 499.47±59.59 gm (p=.000)] and birth weight [2.68±0.53 Kg vs. 2.88±0.4 Kg (p=.000)] was significantly lower in high risk as compared to lowrisk participants, whereas placental birth weight ratio was higher in high-risk cases [18.35±2.37 vs. 17.41±1.38 (p=.000)] respectively. Placental weight was positively correlated with birth weight and placental weight and birth weight increased with increasing gestation in both cases and controls. Male neonates had higher placental weight [492.74±68.24 gm vs. 488±58.8 gm (p=0.224)] and birth weight [2.81±0.5 Kg vs. 2.74±0.45 Kg (p=0.033)] as compared to females. Neonatal Intensive Care Unit admission was significantly associated with low placental and birth weight (p=.000). Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between placental weight, birth weight and neonatal outcome, hence placental weight can be used as an indirect indicator of intrauterine fetal growth.

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Determinants of pre-eclampsia: A case-control study in a district hospital in South India

Indian Journal of Community Medicine ◽

10.4103/0970-0218.74360 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 35 (4) ◽

pp. 502 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

GaneshS Kumar ◽

B Unnikrishnan ◽

K Nagaraj ◽

S Jayaram

Keyword(s):

South India ◽

Case Control Study ◽

District Hospital ◽

Case Control ◽

Control Study

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Risk factors of acute diarrhoea in summer – a nation-wide French case-control study

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0950268899003982 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 124 (3) ◽

pp. 409-416 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Y. YAZDANPANAH ◽

L. BEAUGERIE ◽

P. Y. BOËLLE ◽

L. LETRILLIART ◽

J. C. DESENCLOS ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

High Risk ◽

Case Control Study ◽

National Level ◽

Acute Diarrhoea ◽

Case Control ◽

French Case ◽

Risk Areas ◽

Matched Case ◽

Control Study

The aim of this study was to identify risk factors for acute diarrhoea (AD) during the summer in France. A matched case-control study was conducted at a national level among patients of 500 general practitioners (GPs). From July to September 1996, 468 case-control pairs were included. Cases were more likely than controls (i) to live away from their main residence (OR 3·0; 95% CI 1·6–5·7), (ii) to have returned from a country at high risk of AD (OR 4·6; CI 0·9–23·1), and (iii) to have been in contact with a case of AD (OR 2·0; CI 1·3–3·1). A significantly decreased risk of AD was found for consumption of well-cooked chicken (OR 0·5; CI 0·3–0·8) and raw or undercooked home-made egg-containing products (OR 0·6; CI 0·4–0·8). These findings suggest that travel to high-risk areas, or travel within France, and being in contact with a case of AD, are risk factors for the occurrence of AD in summer in France.

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Twenty-one-gene recurrence score (RS) in germline (g)CHEK2 mutation-associated versus sporadic breast cancers (BC): A multi-site case-control study.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.10531 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. 10531-10531

Author(s):

Anosheh Afghahi ◽

Sydney Marsh ◽

Alyse Winchester ◽

Dexiang Gao ◽

Hannah Parris ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lymph Node ◽

Genetic Testing ◽

High Risk ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Low Risk ◽

Mutation Status ◽

T Stage ◽

Chek2 Mutation ◽

Control Study

10531 Background: Genomic assays, such as RS, are used to determine chemotherapy benefit in early-stage, estrogen receptor (ER)- and/or progesterone receptor (PR)-positive, HER2 negative BC patients (pts). Currently, guidelines to use pts’ germline genetic testing results to guide adjuvant therapy are lacking. Several reports have indicated worse outcomes for BC pts with g CHEK2 pathogenic variants (PV). We investigated whether PV in CHEK2 were associated with increased RS. Methods: Patient-level clinical data and RS were derived from electronic medical records of seven medical centers between years 2013-17. Confirmation of RS using the Genomic Health provider portal was performed. 38 pts with germline PV in CHEK2 (15 pts/39.5% with c.1100delC mutation) and RS score (cases) were matched with BC pts whose genetic testing did not identify PV (controls) using a 1:2 matching schema. Pts were matched based on age at diagnosis and lymph node (LN) status. LN negative pts were further matched based on T-stage. A multivariate random intercept linear mixed model of CHEK2 mutation status on RS was performed, adjusting for PR. A secondary ordinal univariate analysis was conducted that categorized RS into low, intermediate and high risk ( < 18, 18-30, and > 30, respectively). P-values were reported based on a null hypothesis of no effect against a two-sided alternative. Results: The median RS for cases was 19.5 (interquartile range [IQR]: 15 to 25) and the median RS for controls was 18 (IQR: 12 to 22). A greater proportion of cases were categorized as high risk (10.5%) compared to controls (5.6%), and a smaller proportion of cases were categorized as low risk (36.8%) compared to controls (49.3%). Cases had higher grade and increased proportion of PR-negative BC as compared with controls (grade 1: 12.1% of cases versus 32.4% of controls; PR-negative: 7.9% of cases versus 5.6% of controls). The variables used to match cases and controls (age, lymph node status, and T-stage) had similar summary statistics. The RS was 1.97-point higher in pts with g CHEK2 PV compared to controls, after adjusting for PR (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-point lower to 4.96-point higher; p = 0.194). The secondary analysis of CHEK2 mutation status on an ordinal RS risk group yielded comparable results; on average, the odds of being high risk compared to the combined intermediate/low risk groups was 1.72 times higher in cases compared to controls (95% CI: 0.77 to 3.80; p = 0.181), but these differences were not significant. Conclusions: Our case-control study did not show a statistically higher RS for BC that develops in pts with g CHEK2 PV. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the association between type of CHEK2 PV (frameshift versus missense) and other modifying genetic variables and RS.

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Genetic association of ABCC8 rs757110 polymorphism with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus risk: A case-control study in South India and a meta-analysis

Gene Reports ◽

10.1016/j.genrep.2018.10.015 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 220-228 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

D. Viji ◽

P. Aswathi ◽

P. Pricilla Charmine ◽

R.S. Akram Husain ◽

S. Noorul Ameen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

South India ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Case Control ◽

Diabetes Mellitus Risk ◽

Control Study

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A case-control study on high-risk factors for newborn hearing loss in seven cities of Shandong province

Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology [Medical Sciences] ◽

10.1007/s11596-007-0230-y ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 217-220 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wenying Nie ◽

Hanrong Wu ◽

Yisheng Qi ◽

Qian Lin ◽

Lili Xiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Hearing Loss ◽

High Risk ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Shandong Province ◽

High Risk Factors ◽

Newborn Hearing ◽

Control Study

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Determinant factors for the occurrence of tuberculosis after initiation of antiretroviral treatment among adult patients living with HIV at Dessie Referral Hospital, South Wollo, Northeast Ethiopia, 2020. A case-control study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0248490 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. e0248490

Author(s):

Mehd Abdu ◽

Yeshimebet Ali ◽

Samuel Anteneh ◽

Mohammed Yesuf ◽

Adane Birhanu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Opportunistic Infection ◽

Study Design ◽

Random Sampling ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Referral Hospital ◽

Living With Hiv ◽

Dessie Referral Hospital ◽

Control Study

Introduction Globally, tuberculosis takes the first rank for the ill-health of people living with HIV/AIDS. Despite the favorable outcome of antiretroviral therapy, the risk of tuberculosis remains higher among HIV patients. This obliges to identify factors for its occurrence and further prevention of drug-resistant tuberculosis. There is a contradiction between different studies and studies conducted in Ethiopia studied poorly the association between adherence to antiretroviral therapy and viral load with tuberculosis. Studies conducted in the study area were limited to cross-sectional study design. Therefore, this study claimed to identify factors determining the occurrence of tuberculosis after initiation of antiretroviral therapy. Methods This study was conducted at Dessie Referral Hospital by using a case-control study design on a sample of 565 with a control: case ratio of 3:1. Participants from controls were selected by systematic random sampling and from cases by consecutive random sampling. The data were collected by interviewing through structured questionnaires and from the medical record. The data were entered into Epi data version 3.1. In the multivariable analysis, variables with a P-value of ≤0.05 were anticipated as independent determinant factors. Result Patients without separate kitchen (AOR: 3.547, 95% CI: 2.137, 5.888), having opportunistic infection (AOR: 3.728, 95% CI: 2.058, 6.753), CD4 count of <350 cells/mm3 (AOR: 3.383, 95% CI: 1.520, 7.528), baseline WHO stage III (AOR: 3.321, 95% CI: 1.688, 6.534) or IV (AOR: 2.900, 95% CI: 1.251, 6.722), don’t taking IPT (AOR: 3.701, 95% CI: 2.228, 6.147) and those who were poorly adherent (AOR: 2.626, 95% CI: 1.272, 5.423) or moderately adherent (AOR: 3.455, 95% CI: 1.885, 6.335) to anti-retroviral therapy were more likely to develop tuberculosis after anti-retroviral therapy initiation. Conclusion Poor housing conditions, having an opportunistic infection, low CD4 count, starting ART at the advanced HIV stage, don’t take IPT, and being poorly adherent to antiretroviral therapy were associated with the occurrence of TB after initiation of ART. The institution should screen for TB as early as possible and strictly follow their drug adherence.

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