scholarly journals Effect of external volume expansion on the survival of fat grafts

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (02) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghuveer Reddy ◽  
Subramania Iyer ◽  
Mohit Sharma ◽  
Sundeep Vijayaraghavan ◽  
P. Kishore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Variable Time ◽  
External Volume ◽  
Tissue Grafts ◽  
Volume Retention

ABSTRACT Introduction: External volume expansion (EVE) is one method, which has been utilised for increasing the survival of adipose tissue grafts. EVE releases positive pressure from the graft and also induces intense levels of edema that decreases diffusion of metabolites essential for graft survival initially. The ideal timing of external volume expansion in relation to the injection of the fat to facilitate survival is not yet clear. Aims and Objectives: This study was undertaken to evaluate and compare the efficacy of external volume expansion applied at variable time points in relation to the injection of the fat. Materials and Methods: Athymic mouse was the animal model and human lipo-aspirate mixed with PRP was used as graft. An indigenous dome shaped silicone device was fabricated to deliver a negative pressure of -30 mm of Hg. The EVE was applied at variable time intervals. At the end of 4 weeks visual, histological and radiological features of the injected fat were compared. The adipose tissue was stained with human vimentin to ascertain the origin of the retained fat. Results: All the grafts, which had EVE, had significantly better volume retention and vascularity. The groups which underwent a delayed EVE or prior expansion followed by concomitant graft injection and expansion showed the most optimal vascularity and graft retention. Conclusions: A delayed EVE or prior expansion followed by concomitant graft injection and expansion may be the most ideal combinations to optimize graft take. However, on account of the relatively small sample size, there was a limitation in drawing statistically significant conclusions for certain variables.

Delayed Postconditioning with External Volume Expansion Improves Survival of Adipose Tissue Grafts in a Murine Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
pp. 99e-110e ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuyi Wei ◽  
Wenyue Liu ◽  
Buket Gundogan ◽  
Andrea V. Moscoso ◽  
Dennis P. Orgill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
External Volume ◽  
Tissue Grafts

The Combination of Tissue Dissection and External Volume Expansion Generates Large Volumes of Adipose Tissue

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 888e-899e ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfan He ◽  
Ziqing Dong ◽  
Gan Xie ◽  
Tao Zhou ◽  
Feng Lu
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Tissue Dissection ◽  
External Volume

scholarly journals Increase of glandular epithelial cell clusters by an external volume expansion device promotes adipose tissue regeneration by recruiting macrophages

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xihang Chen ◽  
Yunfan He ◽  
Anqi Xu ◽  
Zilong Deng ◽  
Jingwei Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Surgical Reconstruction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cell Clusters ◽  
Glandular Epithelial Cell ◽  
External Volume

AbstractBackground: There is a clinical need for the use of engineered adipose tissue in place of surgical reconstruction. We previously found that the external volume expansion (EVE) device increased special cell clusters in well-vascularized connective stroma during adipose regeneration. However, the origin of these cell clusters and their role in adipose tissue regeneration remain unknown. Aim: In the present study, we evaluated EVE in the construction of expanded prefabricated adipose tissue (EPAT) in a rat model. Methods: Rats were randomized into an EVE suction group and a control group, with 24 rats in each group. The structure and origin of the special cell clusters were determined by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemistry; their role in adipose tissue regeneration was investigated by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analyses. Results: Special cell clusters began to increase at week 1 with a peak at week 4, and then receded from weeks 8 to 12. Clusters were identified as glandular epithelial cells as determined by their gland-like structure and expression of specific markers. The cell clusters induced significant infiltration of macrophage antigen-2 (Mac-2) positive macrophages by secreting monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) at the early stage of suction. Subsequently, these infiltrated macrophages expressed massive vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to promoted angiogenesis. Conclusion: EVE generated glandular epithelial cell clusters, which recruited macrophages to promote angiogenesis and subsequent adipose tissue regeneration. These findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying the effects of EVE devices on adipose tissue regeneration.

scholarly journals The Impact of Lidocaine on Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in Human Adipose Tissue Harvested by Liposuction and Used for Lipotransfer

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2869
Author(s):  
Felix Grambow ◽  
Rico Rutkowski ◽  
Fred Podmelle ◽  
Katrin Schmoeckel ◽  
Florian Siegerist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Stromal Vascular Fraction ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Relative Distribution ◽  
Adipose Derived Stem Cells ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
The Impact

The local anesthetic lidocaine, which has been used extensively during liposuction, has been reported to have cytotoxic effects and therefore would be unsuitable for use in autologous lipotransfer. We evaluated the effect of lidocaine on the distribution, number, and viability of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), preadipocytes, mature adipocytes, and leukocytes in the fatty and fluid portion of the lipoaspirate using antibody staining and flow cytometry analyses. Adipose tissue was harvested from 11 female patients who underwent liposuction. Abdominal subcutaneous fat tissue was infiltrated with tumescent local anesthesia, containing lidocaine on the left and lacking lidocaine on the right side of the abdomen, and harvested subsequently. Lidocaine had no influence on the relative distribution, cell number, or viability of ASCs, preadipocytes, mature adipocytes, or leukocytes in the stromal-vascular fraction. Assessing the fatty and fluid portions of the lipoaspirate, the fatty portions contained significantly more ASCs (p < 0.05), stem cells expressing the preadipocyte marker Pref-1 (p < 0.01 w/lidocaine, p < 0.05 w/o lidocaine), and mature adipocytes (p < 0.05 w/lidocaine, p < 0.01 w/o lidocaine) than the fluid portions. Only the fatty portion should be used for transplantation. This study found no evidence that would contraindicate the use of lidocaine in lipotransfer. Limitations of the study include the small sample size and the inclusion of only female patients.

scholarly journals Randomized Longitudinal Study Comparing Three Nasal Respiratory Support Modes to Prevent Intermittent Hypoxia in Very Preterm Infants

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (10) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
Maximilian Gross ◽  
Anette Poets ◽  
Renate Steinfeldt ◽  
Michael S. Urschitz ◽  
Katrin Böckmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sample Size ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxia ◽  
Positive Pressure Ventilation ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Very Preterm Infants ◽  
Very Preterm

Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP) devices using variable (vf-) and continuous (cf-) flow or synchronized nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (s-NIPPV) are used to prevent or treat intermittent hypoxia (IH) in preterm infants. Results concerning which is most effective vary. We aimed to investigate the effect of s-NIPPV and vf-NCPAP compared to cf-NCPAP on the rate of IH episodes. Preterm infants with a gestational age of 24.9–29.7 weeks presenting with IH while being treated with cf-NCPAP were monitored for eight hours, then randomized to eight hours of treatment with vf-NCPAP or s-NIPPV. Data from 16 infants were analyzed. Due to an unexpectedly low sample size, the results were only reported descriptively. No relevant changes in the rate of IH events were detected between cf- vs. vf-NCPAP or between cf-NCPAP vs. s-NIPPV. Although limited by its small sample size, s-NIPPV, vf- and cf-NCPAP seemed to be similarly effective in the treatment of IH in these infants.

Construction of Expanded Prefabricated Adipose Tissue Using an External Volume Expansion Device

2017 ◽  
Vol 139 (5) ◽  
pp. 1129-1137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Yuan ◽  
Shuifa Yang ◽  
Yangyan Yi ◽  
Jianhua Gao ◽  
Feng Lu
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Volume Expansion ◽  
External Volume

Fine-scale temporal variation of the Miocene stickleback Gasterosteus doryssus

Paleobiology ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 282-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Bell ◽  
Thomas R. Haglund
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Small Sample Size ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Continuous Section ◽  
Evolutionary Trajectory ◽  
Stratigraphic Position

The fossil stickleback, Gasterosteus doryssus, is highly variable for pelvic girdle structure and the number of dorsal spines. Six “sampling pits” were dug at known stratigraphic positions within a continuous section which contains abundant G. doryssus, and the stratigraphic position of each specimen within each pit was determined. The deposit apparently is composed of annual layers (varves), allowing relatively precise conversion of stratigraphic distance to years. The temporal distribution of phenotypes is heterogeneous but can be grouped into two temporally contiguous, nonheterogeneous sets. However, absence of heterogeneity for pelvic phenotypes within the two groups of pits could be an artifact of small sample size. The number of sample pits was insufficient to determine whether the observed phenotypic heterogeneity among pits represents temporal trends. Differences also occurred between mean temporal distributions of stickleback phenotypes within one of the pits located within a nonheterogeneous set of pits. Thus, there is within-pit temporal heterogeneity that is unresolved by between-pit comparisons, although the sampling pits are separated by an average of only about thirty thousand years. Larger time intervals usually used in paleontology may seriously underestimate evolutionary rates because fine scale reversals of evolutionary trajectory are undetected. Temporal variation in G. doryssus provides a system in which most limitations of other fossil systems for measuring the rate of evolution can be circumvented. As in virtually all paleontological studies, spatial variation cannot be entirely eliminated as a potential cause of stratigraphic variation.

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