Awareness of the association between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcome among the general female population

Objectives.To determine whether periodontal disease or bacterial vaginosis (BV) diagnosed before pregnancy increase the risk for adverse pregnancy outcome.Methods.We enrolled a total of 252 women who had discontinued contraception in order to become pregnant. The first 130 pregnant women were included in the analyses.Results.Multivariate analysis showed a strong association between periodontal disease and adverse pregnancy outcome (OR 5.5, 95% confidence interval 1.4–21.2;p= 0.014), and a borderline association between BV and adverse pregnancy outcome (OR 3.2, 95% confidence interval 0.9–10.7;p= 0.061).Conclusion.Our study suggests that pre-pregnancy counseling should include both oral and vaginal examinations to rule out periodontal disease and BV. This may ultimately have an impact on antenatal healthcare, and decrease the risk for adverse pregnancy outcome.

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A PROSPECTIVE STUDY TO INVESTIGATE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERIODONTAL DISEASE AND ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOME AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2019/455 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (33) ◽

pp. 2227-2231

Author(s):

Smita Chandra ◽

Ravishankar T. L ◽

Vaibhav Tandon

Keyword(s):

Periodontal Disease ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Pregnancy Outcome ◽

Adverse Pregnancy Outcome ◽

Adverse Pregnancy ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

The Relationship

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Changes in inflammatory mediators in gingival crevicular fluid following periodontal disease treatment in pregnancy: relationship to adverse pregnancy outcome

Journal of Reproductive Immunology ◽

10.1016/j.jri.2015.05.002 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 112 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Blagica Penova-Veselinovic ◽

Jeffrey A. Keelan ◽

Carol A. Wang ◽

John P. Newnham ◽

Craig E. Pennell

Keyword(s):

Periodontal Disease ◽

Pregnancy Outcome ◽

Inflammatory Mediators ◽

Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽

Adverse Pregnancy Outcome ◽

Disease Treatment ◽

Adverse Pregnancy ◽

Crevicular Fluid ◽

In Pregnancy

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Effect of Periodontal Diseases on Pregnancy

Journal of Postgraduate Medicine Education and Research ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10028-1162 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 132-138

Author(s):

Varun Suri ◽

Rimpi Singla

Keyword(s):

Periodontal Disease ◽

Pregnancy Outcome ◽

Inflammatory Responses ◽

Adverse Pregnancy Outcome ◽

Periodontal Diseases ◽

Physiological State ◽

Bacterial Invasion ◽

Oral Diseases ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Adverse Pregnancy

ABSTRACT Pregnancy is a unique physiological state that affects almost all the organs, because of changes in the hormonal milieu meant to support the pregnancy. These changes, generally reversible after delivery, are sometimes not without adverse effects. Recent upsurge in the interest in periodontal disease in pregnancy is attributed to association between periodontitis and adverse pregnancy outcome. Periodontal diseases are a group of infections and conditions that cause inflammation of the gingiva and the surrounding structures, which leads to destruction of the supporting tooth structures. Periodontal infections are predominantly caused by Gram-negative bacteriae that induce local and systemic elevations of proinflammatory cytokines. Transient bacteremia that occurs due to high vascularity of the periodontal tissue may lead to direct bacterial invasion of the fetoplacental unit. The release of toxic products incites host's response and triggers an inflammatory response. As a source of subclinical and persistent infection along with the cascade of systemic inflammatory responses and immune-mediated injury, periodontitis puts the pregnancy at high risk. Evidence for and against association between oral diseases and adverse pregnancy outcome comes from cross-sectional studies and a few trials. Like any other association of obstetric outcome with systemic diseases, this one is also a subject of debate. We reviewed the studies providing evidence for and against effect of periodontal diseases on pregnancy. We found that different investigators have used different parameters to define periodontal disease, hence different results. Larger randomized controlled trials with uniform definitions of disease and outcome are needed to arrive at a definite conclusion. How to cite this article Suri V, Singla R. Effect of Periodontal Diseases on Pregnancy. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2015;49(3): 132-138.

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