scholarly journals Novel robotic systems and future directions

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
KiDon Chang ◽  
AliAbdel Raheem ◽  
KoonHo Rha
2017 ◽  
Vol 260 ◽  
pp. 20-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikos A. Aspragathos

In this paper, methodologies are presented for the development of intelligent robot systems for the manipulation of linear and sheet like objects with low and/or very low bending rigidity. In the introduction the non-rigid objects are defined and classified considering their shape, bending rigidity and extensibility. The industrial and service applications of these systems are presented and the state of the art approaches for the manipulation of various categories of the non-rigid objects are presented. A brief State-of the-Art on the manipulation of the deformable objects with relatively low bending rigidity and presenting elastic behavior like foam, sheet metal is presented as well.The main part of the paper is devoted to the robotic manipulation of the sheet-like objects with very low rigidity such as fabrics and leather. Laboratory demonstrators accompany the presentation of the developed intelligent robotic systems for manipulation of non-rigid objects and the paper concludes with hints for the future directions of the research and development in robotic systems for handling non-rigid objects.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ram Kiran Alluri ◽  
Ahilan Sivaganesan ◽  
Avani S. Vaishnav ◽  
Sheeraz A. Qureshi

Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) continues to evolve, and the advent of robotic spine technology may play a role in further facilitating MISS techniques, increasing safety, and improving patient outcomes. In this chapter we review early limitations of spinal robotic systems and go over currently available spinal robotic systems. We then summarize the evidence-based advantages of robotic spine surgery, with an emphasis on pedicle screw placement. Additionally, we review some common and expanded clinical applications of robotic spine technology to facilitate MISS. The chapter concludes with a discussion regarding the current limitations and future directions of this relatively novel technology as it applies to MISS.


Author(s):  
Matthew J. Gerber ◽  
J. P. Hubschman

Abstract Purpose of Review In this review, we provide a brief history of intraocular robotic surgical systems and review the latest technological advancements. The goals are to (a) provide readers with a clear understanding of the important work that has been done in this field; (b) illuminate existing challenges towards full clinical adoption; and (c) speculate on future directions. Recent Findings The majority of work on intraocular robotic surgical systems has been done in university research settings, although two systems have been evaluated in human clinical trials and one system is commercially available for use in human patients. Summary The future of robotic systems in intraocular surgical procedures will depend on the results of ongoing clinical trials and the success of recent start-up companies. Many challenges remain before such systems can become safe and effective treatment options. However, the future of intraocular robotic surgical systems is bright and full of promise.


Author(s):  
Mohammad Mehdi Farzaneh

The idea of robotic therapy has been considered as a possible rehabilitation strategy to facilitate recovery of the patients with disability and it can represent an efficient treatment. Brain-computer interface (BCI) is known as an advanced technology with great potential in therapeutic and assistive robots. This paper is presented to review the application of BCI in rehabilitation robotic systems through the combination of BCI with electroencephalography (EEG) and functional electrical stimulation (FES). For this purpose, the basic concept of each of BCI, EEG, and FES is introduced to give a general view of their function. In addition, the application of EEG-BCI and FES-BCI systems in therapeutic and assistive treatments is showed by providing a summary of different researches for each field. In the end, this document is terminated with a discussion about the arguments behind the studied topics and the future directions of advances in robotic therapy.


2018 ◽  
Vol 03 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 1841006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zion Tsz Ho Tse ◽  
Yue Chen ◽  
Sierra Hovet ◽  
Hongliang Ren ◽  
Kevin Cleary ◽  
...  

Soft robotics are robotic systems made of materials that are similar in softness to human soft tissues. Recent medical soft robot designs, including rehabilitation, surgical, and diagnostic soft robots, are categorized by application and reviewed for functionality. Each design is analyzed for engineering characteristics and clinical significance. Current technical challenges in soft robotics fabrication, sensor integration, and control are discussed. Future directions including portable and robust actuation power sources, clinical adoptability, and clinical regulatory issues are summarized.


Author(s):  
Benjamin F. Trump ◽  
Irene K. Berezesky ◽  
Raymond T. Jones

The role of electron microscopy and associated techniques is assured in diagnostic pathology. At the present time, most of the progress has been made on tissues examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and correlated with light microscopy (LM) and by cytochemistry using both plastic and paraffin-embedded materials. As mentioned elsewhere in this symposium, this has revolutionized many fields of pathology including diagnostic, anatomic and clinical pathology. It began with the kidney; however, it has now been extended to most other organ systems and to tumor diagnosis in general. The results of the past few years tend to indicate the future directions and needs of this expanding field. Now, in addition to routine EM, pathologists have access to the many newly developed methods and instruments mentioned below which should aid considerably not only in diagnostic pathology but in investigative pathology as well.


2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 877-894
Author(s):  
Nur Azyani Amri ◽  
Tian Kar Quar ◽  
Foong Yen Chong

Purpose This study examined the current pediatric amplification practice with an emphasis on hearing aid verification using probe microphone measurement (PMM), among audiologists in Klang Valley, Malaysia. Frequency of practice, access to PMM system, practiced protocols, barriers, and perception toward the benefits of PMM were identified through a survey. Method A questionnaire was distributed to and filled in by the audiologists who provided pediatric amplification service in Klang Valley, Malaysia. One hundred eight ( N = 108) audiologists, composed of 90.3% women and 9.7% men (age range: 23–48 years), participated in the survey. Results PMM was not a clinical routine practiced by a majority of the audiologists, despite its recognition as the best clinical practice that should be incorporated into protocols for fitting hearing aids in children. Variations in practice existed warranting further steps to improve the current practice for children with hearing impairment. The lack of access to PMM equipment was 1 major barrier for the audiologists to practice real-ear verification. Practitioners' characteristics such as time constraints, low confidence, and knowledge levels were also identified as barriers that impede the uptake of the evidence-based practice. Conclusions The implementation of PMM in clinical practice remains a challenge to the audiology profession. A knowledge-transfer approach that takes into consideration the barriers and involves effective collaboration or engagement between the knowledge providers and potential stakeholders is required to promote the clinical application of evidence-based best practice.


2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Zajac

Abstract The purpose of this opinion article is to review the impact of the principles and technology of speech science on clinical practice in the area of craniofacial disorders. Current practice relative to (a) speech aerodynamic assessment, (b) computer-assisted single-word speech intelligibility testing, and (c) behavioral management of hypernasal resonance are reviewed. Future directions and/or refinement of each area are also identified. It is suggested that both challenging and rewarding times are in store for clinical researchers in craniofacial disorders.


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