A case report of over-the-counter codeine dependence as consequence of self-medication for premature ejaculation

Background: The aim was to investigate pharmacy students’ views on the role of the pharmacist in facilitating self-care with over-the-counter (OTC) medicines, particularly in light of new roles, and establish personal practice. Methods: Final year pharmacy students at Queen’s University Belfast were invited to participate. Data were collected via a pre-piloted questionnaire, distributed at a compulsory class (only non-identifiable data were requested). Descriptive statistics were performed, and non-parametric tests were employed for inferential statistical analysis (responses by gender). Results: The response rate was 87.6% (78/89); 34.6% (27/78) males and 65.4% (51/78) females. Over a third [34.6% (27/78)] reported using OTC medicines about once a month. All appreciated the importance of an evidence-based approach to optimize patient care. Most [(96.2% (75/78)] deemed OTC consultations should remain a fundamental responsibility of pharmacists and 69.2% (54/78) thought OTC consultations have the potential to be as complex as independent pharmacist prescribing. Females felt more confident recommending OTC emergency contraception than males (p = 0.002 for levonorgestrel and p = 0.011 for ulipristal acetate). Many [61.5% (48/78)] considered more medicines should not be deregulated from prescription-only status. Conclusions: Data from this single institution suggests that enabling self-medication is an important part of practice but there were confidence issues around deregulations.

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Spermatorrhea in a Chinese patient with temporal lobe epilepsy: a case report

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0300060520982814 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 030006052098281

Author(s):

Liang Zhang ◽

Hao Yu ◽

Dan Li ◽

Hui Qian ◽

Yuchao Chen

Keyword(s):

Erectile Dysfunction ◽

Case Report ◽

Sexual Dysfunction ◽

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽

Temporal Lobe ◽

Neurological Disorder ◽

Premature Ejaculation ◽

Chinese Patient ◽

Left Temporal Lobe ◽

Rare Manifestation

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that is characterized by episodes of seizure. Sexual dysfunction has been reported in patients with seizure, which mostly manifests as erectile dysfunction and premature ejaculation in men. In this study, we report the case of a 65-year-old Chinese man with frequent spermatorrhea. Electroencephalography suggested local epilepsy in the left temporal lobe. After treatment with anti-epilepsy drugs, the symptoms disappeared and did not recur. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of epilepsy-induced spermatorrhea. The symptoms of spermatorrhea are probably a rare manifestation of seizure. When repetitive stereotyped symptoms occur, seizure should be considered, and tentative anti-epileptic treatment may be a good option.

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Irrational use of Eucalyptus oil in dentistry: a case report

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3329/bjms.v10i2.7807 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 121-124

Author(s):

RS Shishir ◽

C Renita ◽

AR Kumuda ◽

BG Subhas

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Medical Science ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Dental Pain ◽

Rural India ◽

Herbal Drug ◽

Self Medication ◽

Eucalyptus Oil ◽

Acacia Catechu

Use of herbal medicaments for dental pain is a practice still followed in some parts of rural India. Most often these herbal medicines are readily available to the rural without the prescription from an authorized practitioner. Eucalyptus oil is one such herbal drug which is widely used for a number of ailments. An unusual and a rare case of chemical injury secondary to the use of eucalyptus oil has been presented here. We have also described the management of the injury with herbal medication. This case report tends to highlights the dangers of self medication and also stresses on the role of herbal medications in dentistry. Keywords: Eucalyptus oil; chemical ulcers; acacia catechu; dentistry. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v10i2.7807 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.10 No.2 Apr’11 pp.121-124

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Public perception of community pharmacists in South Africa: a preliminary study

Health SA Gesondheid ◽

10.4102/hsag.v11i3.234 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Suzanne Bornman ◽

Ilse Truter ◽

Daniel JL Venter

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Full Text ◽

Public Perception ◽

Community Pharmacists ◽

Community Pharmacies ◽

Self Medication ◽

Over The Counter ◽

Preliminary Study

This survey forms part of a study undertaken to identify and quantify the community pharmacist’s involvement in the use of non-prescription/over-the-counter (OTC) medicine/self-medication in community pharmacies throughout South Africa. Opsomming Hierdie opname vorm deel van ‘n studie wat onderneem word om die gemeenskapsapteker se betrokkenheid in die gebruik van nie-voorskrif/oor-die-toonbank medikasie/ selfmedikasie in gemeenskapsapteke in Suid Afrika te identifiseer en te kwantifiseer. *Please note: This is a reduced version of the abstract. Please refer to PDF for full text.

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RESEARCH ON SELF MEDICATION: A HYPE OR A HOPE? A LITERATURE REVIEW.

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2016.v9i6.13757 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 28

Author(s):

Mythri Halappa

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Prescription Drugs ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Recent Trend ◽

Public Health Practice ◽

World Health ◽

Public Health Importance ◽

Self Medication ◽

Over The Counter ◽

Health Organization

AbstractMedications are one of the most important tools in public health practice. Since the 1980s, self‑medication is of prime public health importance as World Health Organization, in order to reduce the burden on health care professionals changed some prescription drugs to be sold over the counter. Each drug has its own advantages & disadvantages. Hence, always they have to be taken with caution. Considering this a recent trend has increased in surveying the prevalence of self medication. Hence, this review critically evaluated the studies to put a light on basic concept of self medication.Key words: Self medication, Drug abuse, Self care, Substance abuse, Antibiotic usage.

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Milk-Alkali Syndrome: An Unusual Cause of Acute Renal Failure

Acute Medicine Journal ◽

10.52964/amja.0045 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 64-65

Author(s):

Azhar Ahmad ◽

◽

Rodney Dathan ◽

Keyword(s):

Renal Failure ◽

Calcium Carbonate ◽

Metabolic Alkalosis ◽

Case Reports ◽

Symptomatic Treatment ◽

Self Medication ◽

H2 Receptor Antagonists ◽

Over The Counter ◽

Ulcer Disease

Milk–alkali syndrome is described as a triad of hypercalcaemia, metabolic alkalosis and renal impairment, resulting from the ingestion of calcium and absorbable alkali1. It was more common in the early part of the century when antacids were used for the symptomatic treatment of peptic ulcer disease. The use of antacids has since been overtaken by H2- receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors. More recently, there have been various case reports of milk-alkali syndrome due to the increasing use of calcium carbonate as part of the management of osteoporosis and chronic renal failure, and also the increasing availability of calcium carbonate ‘over the counter’. We describe a case of milk-alkali syndrome due to self-medication with calcium carbonate.

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Behavior of Medical Students toward Over-the-Counter Drugs in Comparison to Students from Other Faculties, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i35b31911 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 129-135

Author(s):

Amar Fathi Mohamed Khalifa ◽

Yasser Nabil AlKhudairy ◽

Adel Ahmed Algahtani ◽

Bandar Mohammed Abduljabbar ◽

Fahad Majed Aldawsari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Medical Students ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Self Medication ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Over The Counter ◽

Otc Drugs ◽

Professional Guidance

Background: Over-the-counter-drugs (OTC) are drugs that can be obtained by patients without a prescription from a physician. In Saudi Arabia, it has been reported that more than half of university students practiced self-medication and used OTC drugs. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study, among medical and non-medical students in Riyadh. The sample size was 421, by systemic random sampling. A pre-coded pre-tested online questionnaire was used. Data was analyzed using SPSS V 23. P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results: There was no significant relationship between what the participants were majoring in and the usage of OTC drugs (p value= 0.373). Gender also had no relation with the use of OTC (p value= 0.168). Panadol appeared as the most commonly used OTC drug 62.9% for the relief of the most commonly mentioned factor which is headache 50.12%. Conclusion: Medical education didn’t have much of an effect on the use of OTC drugs. Moreover, professional guidance or advice was not considered most of the time for taking OTC, but the majority of respondents portrayed good behavior towards usage of OTC.

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Evaluate use of over the counter drugs among medical students in a tertiary care teaching hospital

International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology ◽

10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20191586 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 973

Author(s):

Megha Sood ◽

Jagminder Kaur Bajaj ◽

Nipunjot Grewal

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Drug Use ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Easy Access ◽

Self Medication ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Over The Counter ◽

Care Teaching ◽

Otc Drugs ◽

Abdominal Symptoms

Background: In our country there is easy availability of drugs over the counter leading to their unintentional misuse and abuse. Over the counter availability of drugs does offer the benefit of easy access to medicines and allows individuals to become in charge of their own health. It is important to understand that medical education can impact the OTC drug use amongst medical students. In order to observe the pattern of OTC drug use among the first and second professional MBBS students we planned this study. The aim of the study was to evaluate use of over the counter (OTC) drugs among medical students in a tertiary care teaching hospital.Methods: Our study was a cross sectional study conducted on first and second professional MBBS students. Authors administered a self structured, prevalidated questionnaire to the students. The data obtained was tabulated, analyzed and the results calculated in percentages.Results: The use of OTC drugs is common amongst undergraduate students. All (100%) the students who participated in the study had used OTC drugs at some point in their life. The common conditions prompting use of OTC drugs include head ache, body aches (74%), fever (72%), respiratory conditions such as: cold (60%), cough (28.5%), abdominal symptoms such as: abdominal pain (14%), gastritis (7.5%), diarrhea (6%), vomiting (5%) and allergies (10%). Very few students reported adverse drug reactions with these drugs.Conclusions: From our study we have concluded that OTC drugs are commonly used amongst medical students. So, periodic training and talks on self medication are necessary for them. Student knowledge in this aspect will help them in future counseling of their patients.

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