scholarly journals Occurrence of bla genes encoding carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii from Intensive Care Unit in a tertiary care hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 208-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayanthi Siva Subramaniyan ◽  
Jeya Meenakshi Sundaram
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diagnostic Purpose ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Acinetobacter Species ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gene Coding ◽  
Genes Encoding

Abstract CONTEXT: ICU shows increasing incidence of infection associated with the use of invasive procedures for the diagnostic purpose as well as the indiscriminate use of antibiotics. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter species are "very successful" pathogen and the emergence of the Metallo-β-Lactamases (MBL) is becoming a therapeutic challenge. AIMS: To isolate the Nonfermenting Gram negative bacilli from the ICU samples. To identify the metallo betalactamase producers and to detect the bla gene presence among the Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: The Nonfermenting Gram negative bacilli isolates from the ICU samples were taken over for 5 years (2009-2014) in a tertiary care hospital. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The isolates of Pseudomonas species and Acinetobacter species were confirmed by API analyser and processed according to standard procedures. Detection of the MBL producers were done by E strip method and subjected for bla gene detection by PCR method. RESULTS: In our study a total of 195 isolates of NFGNB were obtained from various ICU. Of these MBL producers, 26 % were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and 25 % were Acinetobacter baumannii. The subtypes of bla VIMMBL producing P.aeruginosa were 26%.The predominant gene coding for MBL activity in A.baumannii were found to be bla OXA gene 11.9%. The gene accession numbers were KF975367, KF975372. CONCLUSIONS: We have to control the development and dissemination of these superbugs among the ICU's.

scholarly journals Epidemiology and microbiology of Gram-negative bloodstream infections in a tertiary-care hospital in Beijing, China: a 9 -year retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhixin Liang ◽  
Qiang Zhu ◽  
Minghui Zhu ◽  
Chunyan Li ◽  
Lina Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Resistance Rates ◽  
Beijing China

Abstract Background Gram-negative bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs) are serious diseases associated with high morbidity and mortality. The following study examines the incidence, clinical characteristics and microbiological features, drug resistance situations and mortality associated with gram-negative BSIs at a large Chinese tertiary-care hospital in Beijing, China. Methods A retrospective cohort study of patients with gram-negative BSIs was performed between January 1, 2010, and December 31, 2018, at the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital. The patients’ data were collected and included in the reviewing electronic medical records. Results A total of 6867 episodes of gram-negative BSIs occurred among 3199 patients over 9 years, and there were 3032 significant BSI episodes 77% of these cases were healthcare-associated, while 23% were community-associated. The overall incidence of gram-negative BSIs fluctuated from 2.30 to 2.55 episodes per 1000 admissions over 9 years. Malignancy was the most common comorbidity and indwelling central intravenous catheter was the most common predisposing factor for gram-negative BSI. Escherichia coli were the major pathogen (34.3%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (23.3%) and other bacterial pathogens (9.9%). The resistance rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae to penicillins were more than 90%. and the resistance rates of Acinetobacter baumannii to the most antibiotic were more than 70% include the Carbapenem. The resistance of ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli to the most antibiotic was higher than non-ESBLs producing Escherichia coli but to Carbapenems(0.7% VS 5.1%). The rates of Carbapenems resistance of ESBLs-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and non-ESBLs producing Klebsiella pneumoniae were 32.8% and 8.1%. The rates of Carbapenems resistance of Enterobacter cloacae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 1.4% and 27.8% respectively. Between 2010 and 2018, the overall mortality of gram-negative BSIs decreased from 11.41–9.05%(X2 = 6.95, P = 0.434). Moreover, the mortality in the ICU decreased from 27.03–14.93%(X2 = 9.61, P = 0.212), while in the general ward fluctuated from 8.85–8.13% that without obvious decrease change(X2 = 9.29, P = 0.232). Conclusions The mortality of gram-negative BSIs have showed downward trends. carbapenem antibiotics is still consider the best treatment for patients with Gram-negative BSIs except Acinetobacter baumannii.

scholarly journals Aerobic Bacteriological and Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile of Pus Isolates from A Tertiary Care Hospital, Puducherry

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1961-1966
Author(s):  
A. Deboral ◽  
Namrata K. Bhosale ◽  
S. Umadevi
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Gram Negative

The antibiotic resistance pattern was observed significantly in various geographical locations. Routine surveillance is therefore essential for constant monitoring of AMR rates in the clinically important pathogens. It is imperative to track the changing resistance pattern over time, to guide proper therapeutic strategies to combat infections due to drug-resistant pathogens. This study aims to highlights the distribution of aerobic bacterial isolated from pus samples, and their susceptibility to different antibiotics collected during 2017 (July to December) in a tertiary care hospital. Nearly 637 clinical pus samples were received during July to December 2017 to the Department of Microbiology, Tertiary care hospital, Puducherry. Bacterial identification was performed using standard conventional biochemical tests and antibiotic susceptibility was carried out according to CLSI guidelines 2017 on each one of the aerobic bacterial isolates from the pus samples. Among the isolates 76.5% were Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) as well as 23.5% were Gram-positive cocci (GPC). The most common bacteria isolated were Pseudomonas spp 24.88% (108 in 434), followed by Escherichia coli 21.66% (94 in 434), Staphylococcus aureus 19.82% (86 in 434) and Klebsiella pneumoniae 13.13% (57 in 434). Of the 86 (19.82%) Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 16 (18.40%) were MRSA. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was highly susceptible to the carbapenems and least susceptible to ciprofloxacin. Acinetobacter baumannii was the most resistant organism according to this study and showed the least susceptibility to ceftriaxone and maximum susceptibility to aminoglycosides. This study concluded that the Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolate was found to be a predominant in our clinical pus samples. Gram negative bacteria are more commonly associated with the pyogenic lesion that Gram positive. A high level of an antibiotic resistance was observed in most of our bacterial isolates.

scholarly journals Increased colistin resistance of Acinetobacter species in intensive care unit-acquired infections in a tertiary care hospital

10.3823/815 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanem Karadag Gecgel ◽  
Canan Demir
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
Acinetobacter Species ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Resistance Rates

Background: The aim of our study was to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance rates among pathogen microorganisms especially colistin resistant rates of Acinetobacter baumannii in intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired infections and to determine infection-specific correct treatment strategies. Methods: The data of adult and newborn infant patients diagnosed with ICU-acquired infection in a tertiary education and research hospital in Bursa in 2014 and 2016 were analyzed, retrospectively. Results: Acinetobacter baumannii was the most frequent pathogen of ICU-acquired infections in 2014 and 2016. There was a significant increase in colistin (CO) resistance rates in A. baumanii (0.0%-6.8%). A significant increase in CO, cefepime (FEP), ciprofloxacin (CIP) resistance rates was established in all gram negative bacteria (0.0%-7.9%, 50.0%-91.9%, 54.7%-74.6%), respectively. A significant increase in the rate of detection of A. baumanii as the pathogen microorganism in respiratory tract infection (RTI) was established (53.9% -79.5%). In addition, the average ventilator-associated pneumonia (VIP) infection rate also increased in 2016 compared to 2014 (VIP rate 2014: 7.12, 2016: 7.45, per 1000 ventilator days). A significant decrease in the rate of detection of all gram negative microorganisms in the surgical site infection (SSI), and a significant increase in the rate of detection of all gram positive microorganisms in the SSI was determined. Conclusion: Increased antimicrobial resistance, especially increased colistin resistance rates in ICU-acquired infections, necessitates the creation of new strategies in empirical therapy. Detection of antimicrobial resistance profiles of local and infectious pathogen microorganisms in ICUs is a good guide for correct antimicrobial management.

scholarly journals Detection of metallo beta lactamase production in imipenem resistant gram negative bacilli non fermenters isolated in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 2080-2084
Author(s):  
Ayesha Sajjad ◽  
Muna Malik ◽  
Iffat Javed ◽  
Sohaila Mushtaq ◽  
Fareeha Imran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Synergy Test ◽  
Pseudomonas Luteola

Objectives: Metallo-beta lactamase (MBL) producing non fermenter Gram negative bacilli is an emerging warning and cause of worry as they have established as one of the most feared resistance mechanisms and are the foremost cause of nosocomial infections worldwide. Carbapenem, including Imipenem, Meropenem and Doripenem are often used as a last remedy for treatment of infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter and other Gram-negative. The present study was designed to explore the distribution of imipenem resistant non-fermenter Gram-negative bacilli isolates in different age groups. Study Design: Cross sectional Descriptive study. Setting: Microbiology laboratory, PGMI, Lahore. Period: January 2015 to December 2015. Material & Methods: 53 imipenem resistant NFGNB that were isolated from appropriate sampling of patients suffering from several infections were analyzed by using different standard microbiological techniques like microscopy, culture methods, biochemical reactions and antibiotic susceptibility using Kirby-Bauer method. MBL recognition was performed by imipenem-2MPA double disc synergy test (DDST). Results: This study shows the frequency of imipenem resistant non-fermenter Gram-negative bacilli isolated from various clinical wards. Maximum NFGNB were recovered from surgery/surgical allied 35.84% followed by ICU 28.3%, medicine /medicine allied 20.75%, pediatrics 9.4% and gynae/obs 5.6% respectively. MBL production was identified among different imipenem resistant non-fermenter Gram-negative bacilli isolates by DDST using 2-MPA. Out of total 53 imipenem resistant non-fermenter Gram Negative Bacilli 37 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 20(54.05%) were MBL positive. Out of 13 Acinetobacter baumannii and 2 Pseudomonas luteola, 11(84.61%) Acinetobacter baumannii and 1(50%) Pseudomonas luteola were positive for MBL production. None of the Acinetobacter junii indicated MBL production. Conclusion: Double disc synergy test is operational for detection of MBL producers among NFGNB. It can be established in our routine clinical microbiology laboratories, for the MBL recognition especially in imipenem resistant isolates as of its cost efficiency.

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