scholarly journals Induction of Anti-Aquaporin 5 Autoantibody Production by Immunization with a Peptide Derived from the Aquaporin of Prevotella melaninogenica Leads to Reduced Salivary Flow in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahreum Lee ◽  
Duck Kyun Yoo ◽  
Yonghee Lee ◽  
Sumin Jeon ◽  
Suhan Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Aquaporin 5 ◽  
Autoantibody Production ◽  
Prevotella Melaninogenica

scholarly journals Ixeris dentata and Lactobacillus gasseri Extracts Improve Salivary Secretion Capability in Diabetes-Associated Dry Mouth Rat Model

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1331
Author(s):  
Hwa-Young Lee ◽  
Mingkun Gu ◽  
Jinhua Cheng ◽  
Joo-Won Suh ◽  
Han-Jung Chae
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Salivary Secretion ◽  
Dry Mouth ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Aquaporin 5 ◽  
Er Stress Response ◽  
Diabetes Model ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Ixeris Dentata

Dry mouth, hyposalivation, or xerostomia is a significant problem in diabetic patients; however, there has been no way to relieve these symptoms. This study’s aim was to evaluate the effects of Ixeris dentata (IXD) in combination with lactobacillus extract on the salivation rate in diabetes-induced dry mouth, and its mechanism was also investigated. In the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes model, the dry mouth condition was established as a model. Here, rats were treated with water or IXD through the sublingual spray, and subsequently treated with or without a spray of lactobacillus extract. In diabetes condition, the salivary flow rate, amylase activity, and aquaporin-5 and Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE-1) expressions were markedly decreased, whereas they were more significantly recovered in the sequential treatment of IXD-lactobacillus extract than in each single treatment. Furthermore, oxidative stress and its related ER stress response were especially regulated in the IXD/lactobacillus extract condition, where the following anti-oxidative enzymes, glutathione assay (GSH: GSSG) ratio, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), were involved. This study suggests that the combination of IXD and lactobacillus would be a potential alternative medicine against diabetes-induced hyposalivation and xerostomia.

scholarly journals The Synergistic Effects of Ixeris dentata and Lactobacillus gasseri Extracts on a Diabetes-induced Dry Mouth Model by Enhancing Antioxidation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwa Young Lee ◽  
Mingkun Gu ◽  
Jinhua Cheng ◽  
Joo Won Suh ◽  
Han-Jung Chae
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Dry Mouth ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Aquaporin 5 ◽  
Diabetes Model ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Ixeris Dentata

Dry mouth, hyposalivation, or xerostomia is a significant problem in diabetic patients; however, there was no way to relieve these symptoms. This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of Ixeris dentata (IXD) in combination with lactobacillus extract on the salivation rate in diabetes-induced dry mouth, and its mechanism was also investigated. In the streptozotocin-induced diabetes model, dry mouth condition was established as a model. Both control and diabetic rats were treated with a sublingual spray of either water or IXD and subsequently treated with or without a spray of lactobacillus extract. In diabetes condition, the salivary flow rate, amylase activity, and aquaporin-5 and Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE-1) expressions were markedly decreased, whereas they were more significantly recovered in the sequential treatment of IXD-lactobacillus extract than each single treatment. Furthermore, oxidative stress and its related ER stress response were especially regulated in the IXD/lactobacillus extract condition, where the following anti-oxidative enzymes; GSH:GSSG ratio, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were involved. This study suggests that the combination of IXD and lactobacillus would be a potential alternative medicine against diabetes-induced hyposalivation and xerostomia.

scholarly journals Potential Application of Ixeris dentata in the Prevention and Treatment of Aging-Induced Dry Mouth

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashi Bhattarai ◽  
Hwa-Young Lee ◽  
Seung-Hyun Kim ◽  
Jong-Sug Park ◽  
Hyung-Ryong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Dry Mouth ◽  
Aquaporin 5 ◽  
Aging Rats ◽  
Gland Weight ◽  
Oral Dryness ◽  
Ixeris Dentata

Dry mouth is a common complaint among the elderly population. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Ixeris dentata (IXD) extract on aging-induced dry mouth. We used young (two months) and aged (20 months) SD rats in our study. Using water as the vehicle, IXD extract (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) was given via oral gavage to the young and aged rats for eight weeks. We found that the salivary flow rate relative to the submandibular gland weight was differently influenced by IXD extract treatment. IXD extract augmented the submandibular gland acinar cells, which are depleted during aging. In addition, the decreased salivary alpha-amylase, inositol triphosphate receptor, and aquaporin-5 in the aging rats were upregulated by IXD treatment. Free radical-induced oxidative stress in the aging rats was also alleviated in the IXD-treated group. The formation of high molecular weight complexes of protein disulfide isomerase, decreased expression of an ER chaperone (GRP78), and increased ER stress response (ATF-4, CHOP and p-JNK) in aging rats was regulated with IXD treatment, and eventually increased salivary secretions from the aging submandibular glands. These are the first data to suggest that IXD extract might ameliorate aging-associated oral dryness by regulating the ER environment.

Prevotella melaninogenica Meningitis and Abscess: A Complication of the Removal of a Midline Dermoid Cyst

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (03) ◽  
pp. 152-154
Author(s):  
Megan B. Garcia ◽  
Anjali N. Kunz
Keyword(s):  
Dermoid Cyst ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Sinus Tract ◽  
Neural Tube Closure ◽  
Intracranial Extension ◽  
Dermal Sinus ◽  
Oral Flora ◽  
Prevotella Melaninogenica ◽  
Dermal Sinus Tract

Abstract Prevotella species are gram-negative anaerobic commensal bacteria of the oropharynx, which frequently cause periodontal disease but are otherwise rarely implicated in serious bacterial infections. Cranial dermoid cysts are benign neoplasms that grow along the planes of the embryonic neural tube closure. In infants, they most commonly present in frontal locations, including periorbital, nasal, and within the anterior fontanelle. Although dermoid cysts are slow growing, usually uncomplicated, and easily treated definitively with surgical excision, cranial cysts located on the midline are associated with a higher risk for persistent dermal sinus tract with intracranial extension of the tumor. We describe a case of a 10-month-old male patient with an occipital midline dermoid cyst with intracranial extension, infected with Prevotella melaninogenica, and complicated by intracranial abscess formation and meningitis.This case highlights two unusual disease entities: the uncommon occipital location of a dermoid cyst, and complications of that cyst caused by a serious bacterial infection with a normal oral flora. We discuss the recommendation for neuroimaging prior to surgical excision of a midline dermoid cyst, given the risk for dermal sinus tract with intracranial communication. We also discuss potential mechanisms for bacterial inoculation of this cyst with Prevotella melaninogenica. This pathogen has not previously been reported as a complication of dermoid cysts.

Lokalisation von Aquaporin-5 in der Kochlea

2005 ◽  
Vol 84 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Löwenheim ◽  
B Hirt ◽  
Z Pencheva ◽  
M Müller ◽  
HP Zenner
Keyword(s):  
Aquaporin 5

scholarly journals Why Does SARS-CoV-2 Infection Induce Autoantibody Production?

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 380
Author(s):  
Ales Macela ◽  
Klara Kubelkova
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Host Cell ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Cell Interaction ◽  
Immune Recognition ◽  
Autoantibody Production ◽  
Host Cell Interaction ◽  
Primary Virus

SARS-CoV-2 infection induces the production of autoantibodies, which is significantly associated with complications during hospitalization and a more severe prognosis in COVID-19 patients. Such a response of the patient’s immune system may reflect (1) the dysregulation of the immune response or (2) it may be an attempt to regulate itself in situations where the non-infectious self poses a greater threat than the infectious non-self. Of significance may be the primary virus-host cell interaction where the surface-bound ACE2 ectoenzyme plays a critical role. Here, we present a brief analysis of recent findings concerning the immune recognition of SARS-CoV-2, which, we believe, favors the second possibility as the underlying reason for the production of autoantibodies during COVID-19.

scholarly journals A new allele of the lpr locus, lprcg, that complements the gld gene in induction of lymphadenopathy in the mouse.

1990 ◽  
Vol 171 (2) ◽  
pp. 519-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Matsuzawa ◽  
T Moriyama ◽  
T Kaneko ◽  
M Tanaka ◽  
M Kimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Mutant Gene ◽  
Inbred Strains ◽  
Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Autoantibody Production ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Inbred Strains Of Mice ◽  
Backcross Populations ◽  
Generalized Lymphadenopathy

Several mice with generalized lymphadenopathy were found in the CBA/KlJms (CBA) colony maintained at our institute. A new mutant strain of mice that develop massive lymphoid hyperplasia at 100% incidence within 5 mo after birth was established by crossing these diseased mice. Genetic studies on lymphadenopathy were conducted in F1, F2, and backcross populations from crosses between mutant CBA (CBA-m) and various inbred strains of mice. The results supported the control of lymphadenopathy by a single autosomal recessive gene. Since C3H/He-gld/gld (C3H-gld), MRL/MpJ-lpr/lpr (MRL-lpr), and C3H/HeJ-lpr/lpr (C3H-lpr) mice develop the same type of lymphoid hyperplasia, allelism of the mutant gene with gld or lpr was tested by investigating lymphadenopathy in F1 and backcross populations from crosses between CBA-m and C3H-gld, MRL-lpr, or C3H-lpr mice. The gene was confirmed to be allelic with lpr but not with gld. Interestingly, however, the mutant gene interacted with gld to induce less severe lymphadenopathy. Thus, the mutant gene was named lprcg, an lpr gene complementing gld in induction of lymphoproliferation. The genetic conclusion was supported by the same profile of surface markers of lymphoid cells with gld/gld, lpr/lpr, lprcg/lprcg, lprcg/lpr, and +/gld +/lprcg genotypes, as well as by massive lymph node hyperplasia and high titers of autoantibodies in the first four genotypes, but slight hyperplasia and insignificant autoantibody production in the last. The discovery of lprcg provided strong genetic evidence for the parallels between anomalous phenotypes of gld and lpr, and CBA/KlJms-lprcg/lprcg mice will contribute to elucidation of the mechanism of induction of the same abnormal differentiation and functions of lymphocytes by gld and lpr.

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