scholarly journals The Synergistic Effects of Ixeris dentata and Lactobacillus gasseri Extracts on a Diabetes-induced Dry Mouth Model by Enhancing Antioxidation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hwa Young Lee ◽  
Mingkun Gu ◽  
Jinhua Cheng ◽  
Joo Won Suh ◽  
Han-Jung Chae
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Dry Mouth ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Aquaporin 5 ◽  
Diabetes Model ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Ixeris Dentata

Dry mouth, hyposalivation, or xerostomia is a significant problem in diabetic patients; however, there was no way to relieve these symptoms. This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of Ixeris dentata (IXD) in combination with lactobacillus extract on the salivation rate in diabetes-induced dry mouth, and its mechanism was also investigated. In the streptozotocin-induced diabetes model, dry mouth condition was established as a model. Both control and diabetic rats were treated with a sublingual spray of either water or IXD and subsequently treated with or without a spray of lactobacillus extract. In diabetes condition, the salivary flow rate, amylase activity, and aquaporin-5 and Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE-1) expressions were markedly decreased, whereas they were more significantly recovered in the sequential treatment of IXD-lactobacillus extract than each single treatment. Furthermore, oxidative stress and its related ER stress response were especially regulated in the IXD/lactobacillus extract condition, where the following anti-oxidative enzymes; GSH:GSSG ratio, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were involved. This study suggests that the combination of IXD and lactobacillus would be a potential alternative medicine against diabetes-induced hyposalivation and xerostomia.

scholarly journals Ixeris dentata and Lactobacillus gasseri Extracts Improve Salivary Secretion Capability in Diabetes-Associated Dry Mouth Rat Model

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1331
Author(s):  
Hwa-Young Lee ◽  
Mingkun Gu ◽  
Jinhua Cheng ◽  
Joo-Won Suh ◽  
Han-Jung Chae
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Salivary Secretion ◽  
Dry Mouth ◽  
Oxidative Enzymes ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Aquaporin 5 ◽  
Er Stress Response ◽  
Diabetes Model ◽  
Potential Alternative ◽  
Ixeris Dentata

Dry mouth, hyposalivation, or xerostomia is a significant problem in diabetic patients; however, there has been no way to relieve these symptoms. This study’s aim was to evaluate the effects of Ixeris dentata (IXD) in combination with lactobacillus extract on the salivation rate in diabetes-induced dry mouth, and its mechanism was also investigated. In the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes model, the dry mouth condition was established as a model. Here, rats were treated with water or IXD through the sublingual spray, and subsequently treated with or without a spray of lactobacillus extract. In diabetes condition, the salivary flow rate, amylase activity, and aquaporin-5 and Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE-1) expressions were markedly decreased, whereas they were more significantly recovered in the sequential treatment of IXD-lactobacillus extract than in each single treatment. Furthermore, oxidative stress and its related ER stress response were especially regulated in the IXD/lactobacillus extract condition, where the following anti-oxidative enzymes, glutathione assay (GSH: GSSG) ratio, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), were involved. This study suggests that the combination of IXD and lactobacillus would be a potential alternative medicine against diabetes-induced hyposalivation and xerostomia.

scholarly journals Potential Application of Ixeris dentata in the Prevention and Treatment of Aging-Induced Dry Mouth

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kashi Bhattarai ◽  
Hwa-Young Lee ◽  
Seung-Hyun Kim ◽  
Jong-Sug Park ◽  
Hyung-Ryong Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Dry Mouth ◽  
Aquaporin 5 ◽  
Aging Rats ◽  
Gland Weight ◽  
Oral Dryness ◽  
Ixeris Dentata

Dry mouth is a common complaint among the elderly population. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Ixeris dentata (IXD) extract on aging-induced dry mouth. We used young (two months) and aged (20 months) SD rats in our study. Using water as the vehicle, IXD extract (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg) was given via oral gavage to the young and aged rats for eight weeks. We found that the salivary flow rate relative to the submandibular gland weight was differently influenced by IXD extract treatment. IXD extract augmented the submandibular gland acinar cells, which are depleted during aging. In addition, the decreased salivary alpha-amylase, inositol triphosphate receptor, and aquaporin-5 in the aging rats were upregulated by IXD treatment. Free radical-induced oxidative stress in the aging rats was also alleviated in the IXD-treated group. The formation of high molecular weight complexes of protein disulfide isomerase, decreased expression of an ER chaperone (GRP78), and increased ER stress response (ATF-4, CHOP and p-JNK) in aging rats was regulated with IXD treatment, and eventually increased salivary secretions from the aging submandibular glands. These are the first data to suggest that IXD extract might ameliorate aging-associated oral dryness by regulating the ER environment.

scholarly journals The localization of HPV and CMV in the adipose tissues of female diabetic type 1 rats and the possibility of having a role of reactivity of COVID-19 in diabetic subjects as a new medical hypothesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-73
Author(s):  
Ahed J Alkhatib
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Obesity And Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Model ◽  
Medical Hypothesis ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Diabetes has various impacts on human body. It is thought that diabetes is predisposed by obesity. Obesity may due to several factors including genetically-environmental factors. The recent views that viruses may act as etiology for obesity. Study objectives: The main objectives of the present study were to investigate the possibility that CMV and HPV of having a role in initiating episodes of obesity and diabetes, and to test the hypothesis that co-existence of multi-viruses including corona virus may work synergistically to increase the impact of COVID-19 on diabetic patients. Methodology: In this study, a diabetic model was induced, the localization of HPV and CMV was determined using immunohistochemistry. Results: Study findings showed that both viruses HPV and CMV exist in the adipose tissue of diabetic rats. Both viruses were brown in color. Conclusions: Taken together, both CMV and HPV exist in the adipose tissue of diabetic rats, and this may explain the phenomenon of autoimmunity in diabetes from one side and from another side, we may explain the occurrence of synergistic effects of COVID-19 virus and the other viruses mentioned in this study.

scholarly journals Lysosomal Exoglycosidase Profile and Secretory Function in the Salivary Glands of Rats with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Maciejczyk ◽  
Agnieszka Kossakowska ◽  
Julita Szulimowska ◽  
Anna Klimiuk ◽  
Małgorzata Knaś ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Salivary Flow ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Secretory Function ◽  
Submandibular Glands ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Relationship

Before this study, there had been no research evaluating the relationship between a lysosomal exoglycosidase profile and secretory function in the salivary glands of rats with streptozotocin- (STZ-) induced type 1 diabetes. In our work, rats were divided into 4 groups of 8 animals each: control groups (C2, C4) and diabetic groups (STZ2, STZ4). The secretory function of salivary glands—nonstimulated and stimulated salivary flow,α-amylase, total protein—and salivary exoglycosidase activities—N-acetyl-β-hexosaminidase (HEX, HEX A, and HEX B),β-glucuronidase,α-fucosidase,β-galactosidase, andα-mannosidase—was estimated both in the parotid and submandibular glands of STZ-diabetic and control rats. The study has demonstrated that the activity of most salivary exoglycosidases is significantly higher in the parotid and submandibular glands of STZ-diabetic rats as compared to the healthy controls and that it increases as the disease progresses. Reduced secretory function of diabetic salivary glands was also observed. A significant inverse correlation between HEX B,α-amylase activity, and stimulated salivary flow in diabetic parotid gland has also been shown. Summarizing, STZ-induced diabetes leads to a change in the lysosomal exoglycosidase profile and reduced function of the salivary glands.

Urinary tumor necrosis factor contributes to sodium retention and renal hypertrophy during diabetes

2003 ◽  
Vol 284 (1) ◽  
pp. F113-F121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith DiPetrillo ◽  
Bonita Coutermarsh ◽  
Frank A. Gesek
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Tumor Necrosis Factor ◽  
Tumor Necrosis ◽  
Distal Tubule ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Renal Hypertrophy ◽  
Renal Changes ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Necrosis Factor

Nephropathy is a major contributor to overall morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. Early renal changes during diabetes include Na retention and renal hypertrophy. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is elevated during diabetes and is implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy. We tested the hypothesis that TNF contributes to Na retention and renal hypertrophy during diabetes. Rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes exhibit increased urinary TNF excretion, Na retention, and renal hypertrophy through the first 20 days of diabetes. Administration of a soluble TNF antagonist (TNFR:Fc) to diabetic rats reduces urinary TNF excretion and prevents Na retention and renal hypertrophy. TNF stimulates Na uptake in distal tubule cells isolated from diabetic rats, providing a possible mechanism for TNF-induced Na retention. We conclude that urinary TNF contributes to early diabetic nephropathy and may serve as a valuable diagnostic marker. Furthermore, inhibition of TNF during diabetes may attenuate early pathological changes in diabetic nephropathy.

scholarly journals Morphological Changes of Gingiva in Streptozotocin Diabetic Rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Tesseromatis ◽  
A. Kotsiou ◽  
H. Parara ◽  
E. Vairaktaris ◽  
M. Tsamouri
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Histological Investigation ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Routine Assay

Gingivitis and periodontitis are chronic bacterial diseases of the underlying and surrounding tooth tissues. Diabetes mellitus is responsible for tooth deprivation both by decay and periodontal disease. The streptozotocin-induced diabetes results in a diabetic status in experimental animals similar to that observed in diabetes patients. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the gingival lesions and the microangiopathy changes in streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus. Forty male Wistar rats were divided into two groups (control and experimental). Diabetes mellitus was induced by 45 mg/kg IV streptozotocin. The histological investigation of the marginal gingival and the relevant gingival papilla showed inflammation of the lamina propria and the squamous epithelium as well as marked thickness of the arteriole in the diabetic group, but no changes were observed in the control group. The results suggested a probable application of a routine gingival histological investigation in diabetic patients in order to control the progress of disease complications. It may be concluded that histological gingival investigation can be used as a routine assay for the control of the diabetic disease and prevention of its complications.

scholarly journals The Effect of Agomelatine Treatment on Diabetes-Induced Cognitive Impairments in Rats: Concomitant Alterations in the Hippocampal Neuron Numbers

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 2461 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özgür Can ◽  
Umut Üçel ◽  
Ümide Demir Özkay ◽  
Emel Ulupınar
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairments ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetes Model ◽  
Cornu Ammonis ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

Researches that are related to the central nervous system complications of diabetes have indicated higher incidence of cognitive disorders in patients. Since the variety of nootropic drugs used in clinics is limited and none of them consistently improves the outcomes, new and effective drug alternatives are needed for the treatment of diabetes-induced cognitive disorders. Based on the nootropic potential of agomelatine, the promising efficacy of this drug on cognitive impairments of diabetic rats was investigated in the current study. Experimental diabetes model was induced by streptozotocin. After development of diabetes-related cognitive impairments in rats, agomelatine (40 and 80 mg/kg) was administrated orally for two weeks. Cognitive performance was assessed by Morris water-maze and passive avoidance tests. Then, the total numbers of neurons in both dentate gyrus and Cornu Ammonis (CA) 1–3 subfields of the hippocampus were estimated by the optical fractionator method. Agomelatine treatment induced notable enhancement in the learning and memory performance of diabetic rats. Moreover, it reversed the neuronal loss in the hippocampal subregions of diabetic animals. Obtained results suggest that agomelatine has a significant potential for the treatment of diabetes-induced cognitive impairments. However, therapeutic efficacy of this drug in diabetic patients suffering from cognitive dysfunctions needs to be confirmed by further clinical trials.

Vasopressin V1 and V2 receptors in diabetes mellitus

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (2) ◽  
pp. E217-E223 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Trinder ◽  
P. A. Phillips ◽  
J. M. Stephenson ◽  
J. Risvanis ◽  
A. Aminian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Inositol Phosphate ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Biological Responses ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
V2 Receptor ◽  
Plasma Arginine ◽  
Long Acting

Diabetes mellitus causes hypertonicity, increased plasma arginine vasopressin (AVP), polydipsia, and polyuria. Downregulation of AVP V2 receptors may contribute to the polyuria through diminished V2 receptor-mediated free water retention. After 2 wk of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, the diabetic rats had raised plasma glucose, AVP, and osmolality levels (P < 0.001) compared with nondiabetic controls (Sham). Insulin treatment (4 U long-acting insulin sc, daily) partially lowered these values (P < 0.01). There was a reduction in the number of renal and hepatic V1 receptors in the diabetic and diabetic+insulin animals compared with the sham animals (P < 0.05). The receptor affinity remained unchanged. In parallel, there was a reduction in maximum AVP-activated total inositol phosphate production in the liver and kidney of the diabetic and diabetic+insulin animals compared with the sham animals (P < 0.05). The density and affinity of renal V2 receptors and AVP-stimulated adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate production in the diabetic and diabetic+insulin animals were unchanged compared with the sham. These results demonstrate differential regulation of AVP receptors and suggest that downregulation of renal V2 receptors does not contribute to the polyuria of diabetes. In contrast, downregulation of V1 receptors might contribute to diminished V1 receptor-mediated biological responses to AVP seen in diabetes mellitus.

Piroxicam reduces acute and chronic pain response in type 1 diabetic rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Alimoradian ◽  
Fatemeh Samimi ◽  
Hadise Aslfalah ◽  
Seied Amirhossein Latifi ◽  
Mehdi Salehi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Formalin Injection ◽  
Analgesic Effects

Abstract Objectives Pain associated with various underlying pathologies is a major cause of morbidity and diminished life quality in diabetic patients. Effective control of pain requires the use of analgesics with the best efficacy and with minimal side effects. Therefore, our aim in this study was to investigate the effects of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on pain in diabetic rats. Methods In this study, we investigated the analgesic effects of drugs belonging to three different classes of NSAIDs in a rat model of diabetes. Four diabetic groups received normal saline, diclofenac, piroxicam and ketorolac, respectively, and four non-diabetic groups received normal saline, diclofenac, piroxicam and ketorolac. Type 1 diabetes was induced in rats by a single injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg bw). Formalin (50 µL of 2.5%) nociception assay was used to examine the effect of treatment with diclofenac, piroxicam and ketorolac on acute and chronic pain in healthy and diabetic rats. Results Piroxicam showed significant analgesic effects both in the acute phase of pain (5–10 min after injection of formalin into the left hind paw), and in the chronic phase (20–60 min after formalin injection) in healthy as well as diabetic rats. Diclofenac and ketorolac also reduced pain scores in healthy rats. However, these two drugs failed to diminish pain in diabetic rats. Conclusion Our data point for better efficacy of piroxicam in controlling pain in diabetes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document