scholarly journals MCAM: A Database to Accelerate the Identification of Functional Cell Adhesion Molecules

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. CIN.S341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anguraj Sadanandam ◽  
Sudipendra Nath Pal ◽  
Joe Ziskovsky ◽  
Prathibha Hegde ◽  
Rakesh K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Sequence Information ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
Using Data ◽  
High Throughput Experiments

In the post-genomic era, computational identification of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) becomes important in defining new targets for diagnosis and treatment of various diseases including cancer. Lack of a comprehensive CAM-specific database restricts our ability to identify and characterize novel CAMs. Therefore, we developed a comprehensive mammalian cell adhesion molecule (MCAM) database. The current version is an interactive Web-based database, which provides the resources needed to search mouse, human and rat-specific CAMs and their sequence information and characteristics such as gene functions and virtual gene expression patterns in normal and tumor tissues as well as cell lines. Moreover, the MCAM database can be used for various bioinformatics and biological analyses including identifying CAMs involved in cell-cell interactions and homing of lymphocytes, hematopoietic stem cells and malignant cells to specific organs using data from high-throughput experiments. Furthermore, the database can also be used for training and testing existing transmembrane (TM) topology prediction methods specifically for CAM sequences. The database is freely available online at http://www.app1.unmc.edu/mcam .

scholarly journals Oncogenic Deregulation of Cell Adhesion Molecules in Leukemia

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Windisch ◽  
Nina Pirschtat ◽  
Christian Kellner ◽  
Linping Chen-Wichmann ◽  
Jörn Lausen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Cell Matrix ◽  
Matrix Interactions ◽  
Cell Matrix Interactions

Numerous cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions within the bone marrow microenvironment enable the controlled lifelong self-renewal and progeny of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). On the cellular level, this highly mutual interaction is granted by cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) integrating differentiation, proliferation, and pro-survival signals from the surrounding microenvironment to the inner cell. However, cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions are also critically involved during malignant transformation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. It has become increasingly apparent that leukemia-associated gene products, such as activated tyrosine kinases and fusion proteins resulting from chromosomal translocations, directly regulate the activation status of adhesion molecules, thereby directing the leukemic phenotype. These observations imply that interference with adhesion molecule function represents a promising treatment strategy to target pre-leukemic and leukemic lesions within the bone marrow niche. Focusing on myeloid leukemia, we provide a current overview of the mechanisms by which leukemogenic gene products hijack control of cellular adhesion to subsequently disturb normal hematopoiesis and promote leukemia development.

Isolation and characterization of endosteal niche cell populations that regulate hematopoietic stem cells

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (9) ◽  
pp. 1422-1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuka Nakamura ◽  
Fumio Arai ◽  
Hiroko Iwasaki ◽  
Kentaro Hosokawa ◽  
Isao Kobayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem Cells ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Stem Cell Marker ◽  
Cell Populations ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Endosteal Niche

Abstract The endosteal niche is critical for the maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). However, it consists of a heterogeneous population in terms of differentiation stage and function. In this study, we characterized endosteal cell populations and examined their ability to maintain HSCs. Bone marrow endosteal cells were subdivided into immature mesenchymal cell-enriched ALCAM−Sca-1+ cells, osteoblast-enriched ALCAM+Sca-1−, and ALCAM–Sca-1− cells. We found that all 3 fractions maintained long-term reconstitution (LTR) activity of HSCs in an in vitro culture. In particular, ALCAM+Sca-1− cells significantly enhanced the LTR activity of HSCs by the up-regulation of homing- and cell adhesion–related genes in HSCs. Microarray analysis showed that ALCAM−Sca-1+ fraction highly expressed cytokine-related genes, whereas the ALCAM+Sca-1− fraction expressed multiple cell adhesion molecules, such as cadherins, at a greater level than the other fractions, indicating that the interaction between HSCs and osteoblasts via cell adhesion molecules enhanced the LTR activity of HSCs. Furthermore, we found an osteoblastic markerlow/− subpopulation in ALCAM+Sca-1− fraction that expressed cytokines, such as Angpt1 and Thpo, and stem cell marker genes. Altogether, these data suggest that multiple subsets of osteoblasts and mesenchymal progenitor cells constitute the endosteal niche and regulate HSCs in adult bone marrow.

The Higher CD34+ Cell Counts in Cord Blood Than Those in Neonatal Peripheral Blood Correlate with Increased Expression of Cytokine Receptors and Cell Adhesion Molecules on the CD34+ Cells in Cord Blood.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 4126-4126
Author(s):  
Young-Ho Lee ◽  
Joong-Pyo Kim ◽  
Myung-Hwa Sung ◽  
Ri-Young Ko ◽  
Jin-Yeong Han
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Cytokine Receptors ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Cd34 Cells

Abstract The hematologic values of neonatal peripheral blood show a characteristic series of changes during neonatal period. The hematopoietic stem cells in cord blood (CB) are more primitive and abundant than those in neonatal peripheral blood (NB). However, there have been no studies regarding the reasons for those differences. Thus, We investigated the kinetics of nucleated cells and CD34+ cells in CB and neonatal peripheral blood. We obtained the CB and NB samples from 14 normal full-term babies for this study, which were collected immediately after delivery as well as at 24 hours and 48 hours after delivery. We analysed the expressions of CD34, CD34/CXCR4, CD34/CD49d and CD34/CD44 as well as CD3, CD19 and CD16/56 on the isolated mononuclear cells by using FACSort. We also performed CFU-GM counts and apoptotic analysis with isolated mononuclear cells. The total white blood cell counts as well as absolute neutrophil counts of NB at delivery were higher than those of CB (p=0.04) and increased until 24 hours, when decreased until 48 hours after delivery. There were no differences of absolute lymphocyte counts, CD3+ cell and CD19+ cell counts among CB and NB at 0, 24 and 48 hours postnatally, however, the CD16/56+ cell counts were lower in CB than in NB and gradually decreased until 48 hours after delivery (p=0.011). The number of CFU-GM counts (p=0.02) and CD34+ cells (p=0.049) as well as CD34+CXCR4+ cells (p=0.002), CD34+CD49d+ (p=0.001) and CD34+CD44+ cells (p=0.001) in CB were more significantly higher than those of NB at delivery, when decreased gradually until 48 hours after delivery. The incidence of apoptosis were statistically not significant among CB and NB at 0, 24 and 48 hours postnatally. In conclusion, the higher leukocyte counts for several days after delivery were correlated with neutrophilic increment which may be influenced by stressful events during delivery. The more higher CFU-GM counts and CD34+ cell counts in CB than those in NB might be correlated with increased expression of cytokine receptors and cell adhesion molecules on the CD34+ cells in CB.

scholarly journals Alternative Promoter use Governs the Expression of IgLON Cell Adhesion Molecules in Histogenetic Fields of the Embryonic Mouse Brain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toomas Jagomäe ◽  
Katyayani Singh ◽  
Mari-Anne Philips ◽  
Mohan Jayaram ◽  
Kadri Seppa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Cell Adhesion Molecules ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Developing Brain ◽  
Alternative Promoter ◽  
Mrna Isoforms ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Embryonic Mouse

The members of the IgLON superfamily of cell adhesion molecules facilitate fundamental cellular communication during brain development, maintain functional brain circuitry, and are associated with several neuropsychiatric disorders. Usage of alternative promoter-specific 1a and 1b mRNA isoforms in Lsamp, Opcml, Ntm and the single promoter of Negr1 in the mouse and human brain has been previously described. To determine the precise spatiotemporal expression dynamics of Lsamp, Opcml, Ntm isoforms and Negr1, in the developing brain, we generated isoform-specific RNA probes and carried out in situ hybridization in the developing (embryonic, E10.5, 13.5, 17; post natal, P0) and adult mouse brains. We show that promoter-specific expression of IgLONs is established early during pallial development (at E10.5), where it remains throughout its differentiation through adulthood. In the diencephalon, midbrain and hindbrain, strong expression patterns are initiated a few days later and begin fading after birth, being only faintly expressed during adulthood. Thus, the expression of specific IgLONs in the developing brain may provide the means for regionally specific functionality as well as for specific regional vulnerabilities. The current study will therefore improve the understanding of how IgLON genes are implicated in the development of neuropsychiatric disorders.

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