EFFECTS OF RUMINAL EXPOSURE ON THE AMINO ACID PROFILE OF FEEDS

Seven feeds were individually incubated (12 h) in ruminally suspended polyester bags. Several alterations (P < 0.05) between individual amino acid compositions of feeds and their respective residues were detected after adjusting for microbial contamination of residues. Detection of diaminopimelic acid in feeds suggests that not all diaminopimelic acid in digesta originates from bacteria. Key words: Amino acid, ruminal degradation, microbial attachment, diaminopimelic acid

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Effect of antibiotic-free, low-protein diets with specific amino acid compositions on growth and intestinal flora in weaned pigs

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/c9fo02724f ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 493-507 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Junyan Zhou ◽

Yuming Wang ◽

Xiangzhou Zeng ◽

Tao Zhang ◽

Peili Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Intestinal Flora ◽

Amino Acid Profile ◽

Gut Health ◽

Weaned Pigs ◽

Specific Amino Acid ◽

Amino Acid Compositions ◽

Low Protein ◽

Protein Diets

This study investigated the effects of modulation of the amino acid profile on growth performance and gut health in weaned pigs fed an antibiotic-free, low-protein diet.

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The effect of washing procedure on the estimation of the in situ disappearance of amino acids from feed protein.

Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.18174/njas.v38i4.16560 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 38 (4) ◽

pp. 719-724

Author(s):

G. Hof ◽

W.J.A. Kouwenberg ◽

S. Tamminga

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Microbial Contamination ◽

Standard Procedure ◽

Amino Acid Content ◽

Amino Acid Profile ◽

Grass Silage ◽

Soyabean Meal ◽

Feed Protein

Soyabean meal and wilted grass silage were suspended in nylon bags in the rumen for 0, 3, 6 and 12 h and 0, 6, 24 and 48 h, respectively. Samples were then washed using the standard procedure, or standard washing, followed by soaking for 16 h in neutral detergent at 70 or 25 degrees C, followed by standard washing. The amino acid profile of the samples was determined by amino acid content in the original feed. Amino acids disappeared at a faster rate than non-amino acid N. Microbial contamination was only seen in the grass silage and its residues after incubation. None of the washing procedures effectively removed microbial contamination. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

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INFLUENCE OF PHYSIOLOGICAL STATE AND OF FASTING ON AMINO ACID UPTAKE BY INTESTINAL TISSUE OF CATTLE

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas84-277 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 64 (5) ◽

pp. 314-315 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

J. K. HA ◽

J. J. KENNELLY

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Key Words ◽

Physiological State ◽

Amino Acid Uptake ◽

Acid Uptake ◽

Early Lactation ◽

Mucosal Tissue ◽

Intestinal Tissue ◽

Leucine Uptake ◽

Key Words Amino Acid

Leucine and lysine uptake by duodenal mucosal tissue of cows were increased during early lactation compared to the final 2 wk of gestation. The uptake of leucine appeared to be higher than that of lysine at both physiological stages. Fasting steers for 5 days did not significantly affect leucine uptake. Key words: Amino acid uptake, intestinal tissue, cattle

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Protein value for ruminants of a sample of whole cottonseed

Animal Science ◽

10.1079/asc20059 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 82 (1) ◽

pp. 75-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

J. González ◽

J. Faría-Mármol ◽

C.A. Rodríguez ◽

M. Ouarti ◽

M.R. Alvir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Microbial Contamination ◽

Reference Sample ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid Profile ◽

Insoluble Fraction ◽

Outflow Rate ◽

Ruminal Degradation ◽

Whole Cottonseed ◽

Intestinal Digestibility

AbstractThe effective ruminal degradability (ED) of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and amino acids, and the effective intestinal digestibility (IED) of DM and CP of a sample of whole cottonseed was measured using in situ and rumen outflow rate techniques in three wethers cannulated in the rumen and duodenum. The microbial contamination of rumen incubated residues was corrected by a continuous rumen infusion of15NH3as microbial marker and rumen solid associated bacteria as reference sample. Microbial contamination resulted in an overestimation of the undegradable fraction of DM (0·291v. 0·275;P<0·05) and CP (0·071v. 0·037;P<0·01) and a small underestimation of ED of DM (0·500v. 0·512;P=0·09) and CP (0·755v. 0·779;P=0·052). A proportion of 0·1 of the ruminal undegraded CP was of microbial origin and for essential amino acids this proportion varied from 0·042 to 0·150. Differences in ED between amino acids modified the amino acid profile, with an important reduction (0·2;P<0·01) in the proportion of lysine. Apparent intestinal digestibility of the insoluble fraction of this food, measured with the mobile nylon bag technique, showed large reductions (P<0·001) with the increase of the ruminal incubation time between 0 and 72 h: from 0·392 to 0·026 for DM and from 0·851 to 0·099 for CP. These evolutions fitted an exponential function with a previous lag. The IED was estimated either by integration of these equations and those describing the ruminal degradation and rumen outflow or by incubation through the intestines of a sample pooled to be representative of rumen flow of the undegraded food. The two methods gave similar values for both DM (0·222v. 0·203) and CP (0·659v. 0·658).

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The in vitro determination of the protein quality of rumen microorganisms of cows on urea-rich feed

Agricultural and Food Science ◽

10.23986/afsci.72020 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 51 (1) ◽

pp. 68-78

Author(s):

Eeva-Liisa Syväoja ◽

Matti Kreula

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Amino Acid Composition ◽

Acid Composition ◽

Protein Quality ◽

Diaminopimelic Acid ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Amino Acid Compositions

The amino acid composition, essential amino acid index (EAA-I), pepsin-pancreatin in vitro digestibility and pepsin-pancreatin-digest-residue-index (PPDR-I) of the rumen bacterial and protozoal protein of cows fed urea and ammonium salts as their sole source of nitrogen (0-cows) or as a partial source (ULP-cows), and of cows on normal protein-rich feed (NorP-cows), were determined. The amino acid compositions of the rumen bacteria showed very slight changes even though the diets were very different. The amino acid compositions of the pure bacterial strains isolated from the rumina differed slightly. The amino acid compositions of the rumen protozoa of the ULP- and NorP-cows differed only with respect to isoleucine and tyrosine. Protozoa could be found only occasionally in the rumen of the 0-cow, there being only two species. Their nutritional significance was obviously very small. When the nutritional quality of the microbial protein was studied on the basis of its amino acid composition it was found that the EAA-I of bacteria did not differ significantly. Neither did the EAA-I of protozoa differ. The pepsin-pancreatin in vitro digestibility of protozoa was higher on all the feeds than that of bacteria. The rumen bacterial in vitro digestibility with 0-cows differed from that of the ULP-samples but not from that of the NorP-samples. The digestibility of single amino acids, With the exception of diaminopimelic acid, glycine and alanine, did not differ from the digestibility of the total amino acids. The much larger number of bacteria in the rumen of 0-cows compared with those of ULP- and NorP-cows compensates in this way for the lower digestibility of bacterial protein in 0-cows. The PPDR-I of both bacteria and protozoa were well correlated with the in vitro digestibility.

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Interpretation of plasma amino acid profile using multiple marker approach

The Scientific Notes of the I P Pavlov St Petersburg State Medical University ◽

10.24884/1607-4181-2015-22-4-76-80 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 22 (4) ◽

pp. 76-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

T. F. Subbotina ◽

A. A. Zhloba ◽

E. S. Alexeevskaya ◽

I. V. Birulya

Keyword(s):

Amino Acid ◽

Left Ventricular Outflow Tract ◽

Ventricular Outflow Tract ◽

Amino Acid Profile ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Plasma Amino Acid ◽

Individual Amino Acid ◽

Plasma Amino Acid Profile ◽

Left Ventricular Outflow ◽

Amino Acid Profiles

In the analysis of plasma amino acid profile in a group of patients with left ventricular outflow tract pathology (n = 151) increased levels of serine, alanine, arginine, and lysine has been found. These metabolic shifts can be linked with the development of circulatory deficiency and mitochondrial dysfunction. The differentiation of the reference values intervals helps in the assessment of individual amino acid profiles.

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