THE EFFECTS OF SHEARING AND RALGRO IMPLANTS ON FEEDLOT PERFORMANCE OF LAMBS DURING THE SUMMER

1990 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 743-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. F. LANE ◽  
R. A. KEMP
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Feedlot Lambs ◽  
Daily Gain

To evaluate the effects of shearing and Ralgro® implants on the performance of fast-gaining feedlot lambs during the summer, 84 group-fed crossbred wether lambs (34.8 ± 1.8 kg) were shorn on day 0 of the feeding period (ES), shorn 3 wk later (LS), or left unshorn (NS), and either implanted with 12 mg Ralgro on day 0 (R) or not implanted (C). Lambs were blocked by initial weight. Heavy and light pens of lambs were shipped to market when the average weight within a pen was 52 kg after 40 and 55 d, respectively. Between days 0 and 40, mean average daily gain (ADG) of all lambs was 384 g and feed conversion was 4.38 kg dry matter kg−1 gain. During the first 40 d of the feeding period, shearing did not affect ADG (P > 0.05), but ES lambs had higher feed intake and poorer feed conversion than NS lambs (P < 0.05). Performance of the LS lambs was similar to the NS lambs prior to shearing, and similar to the ES lambs after shearing. A delay period between implantation and growth response was observed. Ralgro did not affect ADG between days 0 and 21 (P > 0.05) but improved ADG by 14.2% between days 21 and 40 (P < 0.01), giving an overall growth improvement of 6.5% between days 0 and 40 (P < 0.06). Ralgro had no effect on ADG after day 40. There were no interactions between the effects of shearing and Ralgro implantation on ADG (P > 0.05). Key words: Lambs, shearing, Ralgro, feedlot, summer

scholarly journals Productive performance of confined young bulls fed proportions of 'Mulato II' grass silage in the diet

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 670-678
Author(s):  
Regis Luis Missio ◽  
Emerson Alexandrino ◽  
Darlene Pereira da Silva ◽  
Joaquim José de Paula Neto ◽  
José Messias de Rezende ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Dairy Bulls ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the performance of young Nellore bulls and of young dual-purpose dairy bulls fed proportions of 'Mulato II' grass silage (400 and 100 g kg-1), in diets with high levels of concentrate, as well as to evaluate the cost of this feed. Sixteen young Nellore bulls and 16 young dairy crossbred bulls were used, with initial average weight of 380.69±10.45 and 376.94±17.16 kg, respectively, and average initial age of 24 months. A completely randomized experimental design was carried out in a 2x2 factorial arrangement. The highest silage proportion caused a 13% increase in dry matter intake (percentage of body weight) and a 19.7% decrease in dry matter digestibility of the diet, but it did not alter the intake of total digestible nutrients, nor the average daily gain or carcass characteristics. Nutrient intake and digestibility, average daily gain, and carcass characteristics (except conformation) did not change due to the genetic group of animals. Feed conversion was 18.3% better in young dairy bulls. In diets with high levels of concentrate, the proportion of 400 g kg-1 of 'Mulato II' grass silage, in comparison with that of 100 g kg-1, does not affect the productive performance, nor the main carcass characteristics of economic interest of confined young bulls, but reduces feeding costs.

scholarly journals Influence of dietary magnesium and selenium levels in finishing diets on growth performance and carcass meat quality of feedlot Pelibuey lambs

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 303-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Hernandez-Calva ◽  
J. E. Ramirez-Bribiesca ◽  
I. Guerrero-Legarreta ◽  
L. Hernandez-Cruz ◽  
L. Avendaño-Reyes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Dietary Magnesium ◽  
Feedlot Lambs ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of supplemental dietary selenium (Se) and magnesium (Mg) on feedlot lambs. Sixty-four male lambs were randomly distributed to the following treatments: 1) low level of Mg and Se: diet with 0.18% of Mg and 0.1 μg Se/g, 2) with supplementation of magnesium oxide (MgO): diet with 0.32% of Mg and 0.1 μg Se/g, 3) with supplementation of Sodium selenite (Na2SeO3): diet with 0.3 μg Se/g and 0.18 % of Mg, 4) With supplementation of MgO and Na2SeO3: diet with 0.32% of Mg and 0.3 μg Se/g. There were no differences (P>0.05) in the average daily gain and feed conversion but Se supplement with Na2SeO3 (0.3 μg Se/g) enhanced dry matter intake, dressing percentage (P<0.05) and leg muscle weight (P<0.02). The average values of the water retained potential, coordinate L, a, and sensory analysis were different with Se (P<0.05). Magnesium suplemented as inorganic source (0.32% of Mg) enhanced (P<0.05) some characteristics in sensorial meat analysis.

THE FEEDLOT PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS COMPOSITION OF YOUNG AND MATURE CULL HOLSTEIN COWS

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 593-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. M. JONES ◽  
G. K. MACLEOD
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Fat Depots ◽  
Daily Gain

Twelve young and twelve mature lean Holstein cows were fed a high energy diet to appetite based on high moisture corn and haylage. In addition to the cows put on feed, six young and six mature cows were slaughtered at the start of the trial to estimate initial body composition. After 68 days on feed, two young cows and two mature cows were slaughtered on a weekly basis until the conclusion of the trial. Mature cows were initially 45 kg (P < 0.5) heavier than young cows and this difference had increased to 57 kg at the conclusion of the trial. There were no significant differences between young and mature cows in average daily gain (1.37 vs. 1.48 kg/day) or dry matter feed conversion rate (8.46 vs. 8.31 kg DM/kg gain). Average daily dry matter intake was higher (P < 0.05) for mature cows than young cows. There was no decline in average daily gain during the feeding period, although dry matter feed conversion increased for both young and mature cows. There were few differences between young and mature cows slaughtered initially and those slaughtered after the feeding period in carcass composition, and the carcass characteristics that were measured. Young cows, however, had significantly (P < 0.5) higher carcass grades after a feeding period. The feeding period resulted in a decreased proportion of lean and bone and an increased proportion of fat in all the major fat depots (subcutaneous, intermuscular, body cavity fat).

Corn or soybean hull incorporation into haylage-based backgrounding beef cattle diets: Effect on growth and efficiency during the backgrounding and finishing periods

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Swanson ◽  
M. Ko ◽  
C. J. Mader
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Soybean Hulls ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Soybean Hull ◽  
Daily Gain

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of corn or soybean hull incorporation into haylage-based diets on backgrounding calf performance and subsequent feedlot performance. Crossbred steers [n = 48, initial body weight (BW) = 303 ± 3.4 kg] were individually fed dietary treatments consisting of: (1) haylage [17.5% crude protein, dry matter (DM) basis; control], (2) haylage + 20% (DM basis) cracked corn, and (3) haylage + 20% (DM basis) soybean hulls during a 112-d backgrounding period. After the backgrounding period, all steers were adapted to a common high moisture corn-based finishing diet and fed until an ultrasound estimated backfat thickness of 7 mm was obtained. During the backgrounding period, steers fed cracked corn or soybean hulls had greater (P < 0.01) average daily gain, dry matter intake and gain:feed and lower (P = 0.05) plasma urea N as compared with controls. However, when finished on a common high-concentrate diet, steers previously fed cracked corn had greater (P < 0.08) average daily gain, final body weight, and longissimus muscle area than those fed soybean hulls, suggesting that source of supplemental energy during the backgrounding period may influence subsequent feedlot performance. Key words: Beef cattle, backgrounding, energy supplementation

INHERITANCE AND PLANE OF NUTRITION IN SWINE: I. EFFECTS OF SEASON, PLANE OF NUTRITION, SEX AND SIRE ON FEEDLOT PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS

1963 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Plank ◽  
R. T. Berg
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Performance Score ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Sex Effects ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Relative Response ◽  
Dressing Percentage ◽  
Daily Gain

Four trials, involving 124 pigs, were conducted to study the effects of differing planes of nutrition on swine characteristics and to study the relative response of specific genetic groups of pigs to these differing planes. Seasonal and sex effects were also evaluated. Equalized limited feeding to a scale of 75 per cent of the U.S. N.R.C. recommended levels for bacon hogs was compared to liberal feeding wherein pigs were fed to appetite three times daily and to ad libitum feeding.Winter-fed pigs grew slower, were less efficient, had a higher dressing percentage and shorter carcasses than summer-fed pigs.As the plane of nutrition increased, average daily gains increased, feed conversion ratios were correspondingly inferior, dressing percentage rose, backfat thickness increased and area of loin and total Record of Performance score decreased.Females outgained barrows under equalized limited feeding, whereas barrows outgained females at a similar feed requirement by eating more feed under liberal feeding. Female carcasses were superior to those of barrows with a tendency for the differences to be greater under the equalized limited feeding system.Genotype × plane of nutrition interactions were significant for average daily feed consumed (P <.05), average daily gain (P <.01), length (P <.05), and total R.O.P. score (P <.01). Under equalized limited feeding pigs with the ability to gain both rapidly and efficiently tended to produce superior carcasses while under liberal feeding rapid gains seemed to reflect mainly increased feed consumption and a trend toward inferior feed conversion and fatter carcasses.

Different combinations of sodium monensin and virginiamycin during feedlot finishing of Nellore cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (8) ◽  
pp. 1061
Author(s):  
A. L. N. Rigueiro ◽  
M. C. S. Pereira ◽  
M. M. Squizatti ◽  
M. M. Ferreira ◽  
S. C. Dondé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Proliferation Index ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Nellore Cattle ◽  
Daily Gain

Context The use of two feed additives, to maximise rumen fermentation, in finishing diets offered to feedlot cattle may positively impact performance. Aims This study, conducted at the São Paulo State University feedlot, Botucatu campus, Brazil, was designed to evaluate the effects of the combined use of monensin (MON; 30 mg/kg of dry matter; (DM)) and virginiamycin (VM; 25 mg/kg of DM) in high-concentrate diets during the adaptation and finishing periods on feedlot performance, carcass traits, feeding behaviour, blood gas profile, rumen morphometrics and apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients of Nellore cattle. Methods The experiment was designed as a completely randomised block, replicated six times (3 bulls/pen), in which 72 20 months of age yearling Nellore bulls (388.0 ± 31.1 kg) were fed in 24 pens for 90 days according to the treatments: (1) MON during the entire feeding period (T1), (2) MON + VM during adaptation and only VM during the finishing period (T2), (3) MON + VM during the entire feeding period (T3), and (4) VM during the adaptation and MON + VM during the finishing period (T4). The adaptation program consisted of ad libitum feeding of three diets over the adaptation period of 19 days with concentrate level increasing from 69% to 84% of diet DM. Key results Overall, bulls fed on T2 had a greater DM intake (P &lt; 0.01), final bodyweight (P = 0.04), average daily gain (P = 0.03), hot carcass weight (P &lt; 0.01), final Longissimus muscle area (P = 0.05), Longissimus muscle area daily gain (P = 0.01), improved carcass G:F (P &lt; 0.01) and increased dressing percentage (P &lt; 0.01). Similarly, bulls fed on T2 were faster to consume 1 kg of either DM (P &lt; 0.01) or neutral detergent fibre (P &lt; 0.01) after 60 days on feed. Furthermore, bulls fed on T2 presented a greater (P = 0.05) cell proliferation index in the rumen papillae. Conclusions According to the results, Nellore yearling bulls should be fed high-concentrate diets containing MON and VM during adaptation, and only VM during the finishing period to improve overall feedlot performance. Implications The use of both MON and VM proved to be helpful only during the adaptation period.

scholarly journals Productive performance of finishing lambs fed with faveleira fodder salt (Cnidoscolus quercifolius Pohl)

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 977
Author(s):  
João Vinícius Barbosa Roberto ◽  
Bonifácio Benicio de Souza ◽  
Gabriel Jorge Carneiro de Oliveira  ◽  
Jaime Miguel de Araujo Filho ◽  
Thaiz Lamy Alves Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Mineral Salt ◽  
Productive Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Daily Gain

This study evaluated food intake and productive performance of crossbred (½ Santa Inês x ½ dorper) lambs supplemented with different levels of faveleira (Cnidoscolus quercifolius Pohl) fodder salt. Thirty male sheep fed tifton grass hay, water, and faveleira fodder salt were randomly allocated into five treatments with six replicates each. The treatments consisted of diets with different inclusion levels of faveleira hay in the fodder salt composition: Treatment 1 (1% mineral salt + 99% faveleira hay), Treatment 2 (3% mineral salt + 97% faveleira hay), Treatment 3 (5% mineral salt + 95% faveleira hay), Treatment 4 (7% mineral salt + 93% faveleira hay), and Treatment 5 (Control - 100% mineral salt). Intake of dry matter, tifton hay and water, average daily gain, feed conversion, and feed efficiency were not affected by fodder salt supplementation (P > 0.05). There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) in fodder salt intake between Treatments 4 and 5, and daily intake was higher in animals submitted to Treatment 4 (61.0 g day-1). Mineral salt intake increased significantly with increasing mineral salt levels in the diet. However, no significant difference was observed in average daily gain across treatments, indicating that faveleira hay, even in small quantities, and tifton hay were able to meet the nutritional requirements of animals to support a good average daily gain. The inclusion of up to 99% faveleira hay in fodder salt formulations did not affect voluntary intake of forage, water and dry matter, average daily gain, feed conversion, and feed efficiency. Lambs supplemented with faveleira fodder salt had average daily gains within the optimal range for slaughter and high feed conversion and feed efficiency values. Faveleira was shown to be an effective supplementary feed alternative in sheep.

INFLUENCE OF HIGH-MOISTURE BARLEY ON THE PERFORMANCE AND CARCASS CHARACTERISTICS OF FEEDLOT CATTLE

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 811-820 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. KENNELLY ◽  
G. W. MATHISON ◽  
G. de BOER
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
High Moisture ◽  
Feeding Value ◽  
Daily Gain

Three factorial experiments were conducted to determine the relative feeding value of dry barley (DB) and high-moisture barley (HMB), and to evaluate the influence of method of ensiling (Pit vs. Harvestore® (HAV) silo), source of roughage (hay vs. silage), and level of concentrate (90 vs. 75%) on the performance and carcass characteristics of feedlot cattle. In exp. 1, 252 steers (initial wt 357 kg) were assigned on the basis of weight to six treatments (two pens × 21 animals per pen). A mixed diet consisting of 85.2% barley grain (dry matter (DM) basis) was offered free choice. The barley portion of the ration consisted of either 0, 25, 50, 75 or 100% DB with the balance being HMB from a pit silo. The sixth treatment consisted of feeding 100% HMB for the first 57 d and 100% DB for the remainder of the trial. Overall average daily gain (ADG) for steers fed 100% DB (1.70 kg d−1) was significantly higher than observed for animals fed 100, 75 or 50% HMB (1.46, 1.49 and 1.56 kg d−1, respectively). The kg of feed DM required per kg gain (FC) varied between 5.76 and 7.13 and was not (P > 0.05) influenced by treatment. No differences (P > 0.05) were observed in carcass characteristics. In exp. 2, 360 steers (initial wt 340 kg) were allotted on the basis of weight to six treatments designed to evaluate the effect of source (Pit vs. HAV) and level of HMB, in diets containing 10.2% silage, on animal performance. Overall ADG (1.11 – 1.17 kg d−1), FC (6.66 – 7.01) and carcass characteristics were similar (P > 0.05) for animals fed Pit HMB, HAV HMB and DB. In exp. 3, 264 weanling calves (initial wt 216 kg) were allotted on the basis of weight to six treatments which differed in type of barley (HMB vs. DB), source of roughage (hay vs. silage) and level of concentrate (75 vs. 90%; DM basis). The feeding period was 127 d. Daily gains varied between 0.78 and 0.91 kg d−1 and FC ranged from 6.40 to 7.10 and were not influenced (P > 0.05) by source of barley or source or level of roughage. While animals fed DB had significantly higher ADG than those fed HMB in exp. 1, the overall results from the three experiments indicate that on a DM basis HMB has similar feeding value to DB, and that there is no major difference between Pit and HAV-stored HMB for feedlot cattle. Key words: High moisture, barley, cattle, gain, feed conversion

scholarly journals Fresh or dehydrated spineless cactus in diets for lambs

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solano Felipe Just de Andrade ◽  
Ângela Maria Vieira Batista ◽  
Francisco Fernando Ramos de Carvalho ◽  
Rodrigo Barros de Lucena ◽  
Rafael De Paula Xavier de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Large Intestine ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Total Replacement ◽  
Body Components ◽  
Daily Gain

The objective was to evaluate the effect of partial or total replacement of Tifton 85 hay with fresh or dehydrated spineless cactus on performance and body weight components of sheep. Thirty hair lambs, with 19 kg ± 0.35 kg initial weight, were randomly divided into five treatments, namely: Tifton 85 Hay (HA); Tifton 85 Hay + fresh spineless cactus (HAFC); Tifton 85 Hay + dehydrated spineless cactus (HADC); fresh spineless cactus (FC); dehydrated spineless cactus (DC). In addition to the spineless cactus and hay, the complete mixture contained soybean meal, mineral salt and limestone in all treatments. Animals were confined for 75 days and then slaughtered. The weight of body components was recorded. Dry matter intake, total digestible nutrients intake and voluntary water intake were higher (p < 0.05) for the DC and HADC treatments. The average daily gain was 118 g day-1 and body weight at slaughter of 25.8 kg were not influenced (p > 0.05) by treatments. The cold carcass weight, rib eye area, weight and yield of the skin, liver, kidney and large intestine were higher (p < 0.05) for the DC and HADC treatments. Partial or total replacement of Tifton 85 hay with fresh or dehydrated spineless cactus, in complete diets for sheep, increases the weight of the cold carcass and non-carcass components. 

PROGENY TEST OF FINNISH AND CANADIAN AYRSHIRE BULLS FOR VEAL AND BEEF PRODUCTION

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-122
Author(s):  
B. W. KENNEDY ◽  
G. M. JONES ◽  
R. L. CHICOINE ◽  
C. G. HICKMAN ◽  
E. B. BURNSIDE
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Progeny Test ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Beef Production ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Veal Calf ◽  
Unbiased Estimates ◽  
Best Linear Unbiased ◽  
Daily Gain

An experiment was conducted to obtain progeny test comparisons of Finnish and Canadian Ayrshire bulls for veal and beef production. A total of 83 male calves from four Canadian and four Finnish sires was tested. Best linear unbiased estimates of differences between veal calf progeny of Finnish and Canadian bulls for time on test, average daily gain and feed conversion were 4.00 ± 5.63 days, −.044 ±.038 kg/day and.062 ±.067 kg dry matter intake/kg gain, respectively. For veal carcass traits, progeny differences between Finnish and Canadian bulls for dressing percent and carcass grade, quality, finish and color scores (scores ranged from 1 to 3, except for color score which ranged from 1 to 2, with high score desirable) were.25 ± 1.13%, −.085 ±.232,.146 ±.303,.122 ±.302 and.104 ±.192, respectively. When raised for beef, differences between Finnish and Canadian sired steers were.015 ±.019 kg/day for feedlot average daily gain and.21 ±.66% for dressing percent. None of these differences were significant (P >.05). Based on these results, the importation of Finnish semen would not be expected to materially change the veal and beef performance of Ayrshires in Canada.

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