Evaluation of leaf physiological and biochemical traits during senescence of the wheat core collection in the southwest of China

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Shu ◽  
Pei G Luo ◽  
Huai Y Zhang ◽  
Ben J Yan ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Core Collection ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Leaf Traits ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Malondialdehyde Content ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Chinese Wheat ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Agronomical, physiological, and biochemical analysis of the Chinese wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) core collection revealed abundant variation in the indices examined, both within and between ecotype regions. The genotypes from the Yellow-Huai Rivers (YH) region, the Middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River (MY) region and the Southwest China (SWC) region showed good adaptation as measured by heading date, malondialdehyde content (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities and would have good potential for wheat improvement in SWC. Key words: Adaptability, core collection, diversity, leaf traits, southwest China, wheat

scholarly journals Comparative assessment of physiological and biochemical changes in the selected plant species growing under hydrocarbon stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (sp1) ◽  
pp. 560-567
Author(s):  
Ritu Panwar ◽  
Jyoti Mathur
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Tagetes Erecta ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Tagetes Erecta L ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Hydrocarbons have become a serious environmental problem due to industrialization and extensive use of vehicles. Various plant species shows a range of stress responses and adaptations to survive in hydrocarbon stress. This study was conducted to investigate the comparative phytotoxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on plants growing under hydrocarbon stress on the germination and to evaluate the response on seedling growth. For the study, two crop plant species (Brassica juncea L. Czern., and Triticum aestivum L.) and two ornamental plant species (Tagetes erecta L. and Helianthus annuus L.) were taken. Pot experiments were conducted in triplicates of 10 days old seedlings treated with 5, 20, 50 & 100 mg kg-1 concentrations of hydrocarbons. After 20 days, biochemical analysis and antioxidant enzyme activity of these plants were studied. Polyphenol and proline increased with increasing concentration of hydrocarbons which were maximum in H. annuus with 0.909 mg g-1 polyphenol and 0.732 µmol g-1 proline at 100 mg kg-1. Increase in antioxidant enzymatic activities was observed with increasing concentration. H. annuus showed maximum activity at 100 ppm which was ascorbate peroxidase (20.37 Unit g-1 FW), peroxidase (0.212 Unit g-1 FW) and superoxide dismutase (2.13 Unit g-1 FW). HPLC analysis in plants and soil provided the concentration of hydrocarbons present in plants species after 20 days taken up from the treated soil. Plants cultivated in 100 mg kg-1 concentration were analysed and the lowest toxicity observed in H. annuus which was 3.013 mg kg-1 Naphthalene, 7.750 mg kg-1 Phenanthrene and 5.691 mg kg-1 Anthracene while highest toxicity was observed in Tagetes at 8.476 mg kg-1 Naphthalene, 0.398 mg kg-1 Phenanthrene and 0.416 mg kg-1 Anthracene. These results suggested that H. annuus can be adopted in phytoremediation of hydrocarbons soil.

scholarly journals Physiological and biochemical analysis of transgenic wheat plants of seed generation T2 with double-stranded RNA suppressor of the proline dehydrogenase gene

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 121-126
Author(s):  
S. S. Kulesh ◽  
O. V. Dubrovna ◽  
L. V. Slivka
Keyword(s):  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Proline Dehydrogenase ◽  
Double Stranded Rna ◽  
Dehydrogenase Gene ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Aim. To carry out physiological and biochemical analysis of genetically modified plants of bread wheat of seed generation T2 with the double-stranded RNA suppressor of the proline dehydrogenase gene. Methods. Biochemical determination of free L-proline content and activity of the enzyme proline dehydrogenase; physiological examination of plant growth in vitro and in vivo. Results. It has been shown that transgenic plants, in contrast to control groups, grow more intensively in a selective medium with mannitol, maintaining a green color. It has been established that under normal conditions and under conditions of water deficit, plants of the T2 have an elevated level of free proline in the leaves, compared with the control genotypes. It was found that transformants are characterized by reduced activity of the enzyme of proline dehydrogenase, which manifests itself when the norm-stress-norm conditions change. Transgenic T2 plants had a higher resistance to aqueous deficiency compared to baseline, which was reflected in the nature of their growth. In conditions of soil moisture shortage, the yield of the most of the transformed lines was significantly higher than non-transformed plants. Conclusions. The obtained results allow us to conclude that the use of the pBi2E vector construct with the double-stranded RNA suppressor of the pdh gene is effective for the production of transgenic bread wheat plants with a high level of resistance to water deficiency. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, RNA suppressor of the proline dehydrogenase gene, T2 plants, physiological-biochemical analysis.

scholarly journals Physiological and biochemical analysis of transgenic wheat plants of seed generation T2 with heterologous ornithine-δ-aminotransferase gene

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
O. V. Dubrovna ◽  
L. V. Slivka ◽  
S. S. Kulesh
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Plants ◽  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Adaptive Plasticity ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Aim. To carry out physiological and biochemical analysis of genetically modified plants of bread wheat of seed generation T2 with the heterologous ornithine-Δ-aminotransferase gene. Methods. Biochemical determination of free L-proline content and ornithine-Δ-aminotransferase enzyme activity; physiological examination of plant growth in in vitro and in vivo conditions. Results. It was shown that transgenic plants did not differ from the controls under optimal conditions of cultivation. It was determined that transgenic plants under the conditions of osmotic stress are characterized by faster growth in comparison with control genotypes. It was found that T2 plants differed in the increased activity of the ornithine-Δ-aminotransferase enzyme, which is manifested when the norm-stress-norm conditions change. It was found that the introduction of a genetic construct that increases the expression of the oat gene does not lead to a significant change in the level of free L-proline in the leaves of plants, either in normal, or in terms of osmotic stress. Conclusions. Changes in the metabolism of transgenic plants allow them to better adapt to adverse conditions. They have better adaptive plasticity, since the yield of most of the transformed lines was significantly higher, compared to non-transformed plants that were under groundwater deficit. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., Agrobacterium-mediated transformation, ornithine-Δ-aminotransferase gene, T2 plants, physiological-biochemical analysis.

Physiological and Biochemical Analysis of Somaclones Derived from Leaf Explants of Lathyrus sativus

1995 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirupama Tiwari ◽  
K. C. Bansal ◽  
K. All ◽  
Archana Sachdev ◽  
I. M. Santha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Lathyrus Sativus ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

scholarly journals Effect of Heat Stress on Inter-relationship of Physiological and Biochemical Traits with Grain Yield in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-29
Author(s):  
Amrita Kumari ◽  
R. D. Ranjan ◽  
Chandan Roy ◽  
Awadesh Kumar Pal ◽  
S. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Seedling Stage ◽  
Biochemical Traits ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Complex Phenomena ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Heat stress, particularly the stress appears at the time of flowering to grain filling stages causing severe yield loss in wheat. Heat tolerance is complex phenomena that include adjustment in morphological, physiological and biochemical traits of the crop. Present investigation was carried out to understand the effect of terminal heat stress on different traits of wheat. The experiment was conducted in three dates of sowing as timely sown, late sown and very late sown to expose the crop to heat stress at later stages of the crop growth. Significant genetic variations for all the traits evaluated under three conditions indicated the presence of variability for the traits. Trait association analysis revealed that flag leaf chlorophyll content and MSI at seedling stage; MDA at reproductive stage had direct relationship with grain yield. While under very late sown condition MDA and RWC at seedling stages were found to be highly correlated with grain yield. It indicates that MDA, RWC at seedling stage and days to booting, days to milking plays important role in very late sown condition that can be used as selection criteria in breeding programme.

scholarly journals Marker-trait associations of yield related traits in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under a semi-arid climate

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 138-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salem Marzougui ◽  
Mohamed Kharrat ◽  
Mongi ben Younes
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Pleiotropic Effect ◽  
Arid Climate ◽  
Log P ◽  
Spring Bread Wheat ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Trait Associations

Identifying QTLs (quantitative trait loci) that control yield related traits under a stressed environment is very useful for marker-assisted selection (MAS). Marker-trait associations (MTA) for several agro-morphological traits were performed with 130 Tunisian and exotic spring bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) accessions under a semi-arid climate in El Kef, Tunisia. Grain yield and other important traits were evaluated. A population structural analysis identified two sub populations. In total, 29 MTAs were detected at –log P ≥ 3 using an MLM (mixed linear model), and only 5 MTAs with –log P ≥ 4. The locus on chromosome 4A was detected to control the heading date accounting for up to 22% of the trait variance. Two other loci located on chromosomes 3B and 7B were found to be stable during the two cropping seasons and have a pleiotropic effect on the heading date, yield, internodes length and grain per spike. These two regions are candidates for further genetic analysis.  

Indole degrading of ammonia oxidizing bacteria isolated from swine wastewater treatment system

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 2405-2410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Li ◽  
Lei Tong ◽  
Kun Liu ◽  
Yanhong Wang ◽  
Yanxin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Ammonia Oxidation ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
16S Rdna Gene ◽  
Wastewater Treatment System ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite ◽  
Physiological And Biochemical

Three new strains named LPA11, LPB11 and LPC24 were isolated to investigate the patterns of indole degradation and ammonia oxidation in swine wastewater from different parts of a swine wastewater treatment system by the direct spreading plate method. These three isolates were all identified as Pseudomonas putida based on 16S-rDNA gene sequences, main physiological and biochemical analysis. They were capable of decomposing 1.0 mM indole completely in 10, 16 and 18 days respectively. According to the results of HPLC and GC/MS, the possible pathway for the degradation was via oxindole, isatin and anthranilic acid. The three bacteria were capable of oxidizing ammonia, and the strains LPA11 and LPC24 were capable of effectively reducing nitrate and nitrite.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document